直接引语与间接引语Word格式.docx
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直接引语与间接引语Word格式.docx
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时间状语
now
then
today
thatday
tonight
thatnight
thismorning/week/month/year
thatmorning/week/month/year
ago
before
yesterday
thedaybefore
yesterdayafternoon
theafternoonbefore
thedaybeforeyesterday
twodaysbefore
lastweek/month/year
theweek/month/yearbefore
tomorrow
thenextday/thefollowingday
thedayaftertomorrow
twodaysafter/intwodays’time
nextweek/month/year
thenextweek/month/year
地点状语
here
there
动词
come
go
bring
take
must
must/hadto
人称代词
第一人称
与主句主语一致
第二人称
与主句宾语一致
第三人称
一般不变
动词时态的变化
一般现在时(do/does,am/is,are)
一般过去时(did,was,were)
现在进行时(am/is/aredoing)
过去进行时(was/weredoing)
现在完成时(have/hasbeen,have/hasdone)
过去完成时(hadbeen,haddone)
现在完成进行时(have/hasbeendoing)
过去完成进行时(hadbeendoing)
一般将来时(will)
过去将来时(would)
一般过去时(was/were,did)
过去进行时(was/weredoing)
过去进行时(was/weredoing)/过去完成进行时
过去完成时(hadbeen/haddone)
一.直接引语为陈述句:
间接引语用that引导。
that一般可省略。
主句谓语动词为现在时,间接引语用原来的时态。
主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语用相应的过去时态。
Thegirlsaystoherfather,“Mybrotherdoesn’twanttosharethetoywithme.”
→Thegirltellsherfatherthatherbrotherdoesn’twanttosharethetoywithher.
Theteachersaystous,“Youallfailedtheexamslastweek.”
→Theteachertellsusthatweallfailedtheexamlastweek.
Mothersaystome,“Iwillbuyyouagiftforyourbirthday.”
→Mothertellsmethatshewillbuymeagiftformybirthday.
MrSmithsaid,“Ourplanearrivedhalfanhourago.”
→MrSmithsaidthattheirplanehadarrivedhalfanhourbefore.
Theheadmastersaid,“Thenewschoolyearwillbegintomorrow.”
→Theheadmastersaidthatthenewschoolyearwouldbeginthenextday.
Shecalledtome,“Iamwaitingforyouattherestaurant.”
→Shecalledtomethatshewaswaitingformeattherestaurant.
注意1:
直接引语是客观事实、科学真理、格言等,变间接引语时,时态不变。
Theteachersaid,“Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound,boysandgirls.”
→Theteachertoldtheboysandgirlsthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.
注意2:
直接引语中含有明确的过去时间状语时,变间接引语时,时态不变。
Shesaidtome,“Iwasbornin1964.”
→Shetoldmethatshewasbornin1964.
Isaidtoher,“TheBeijingOlympicGameswereheldin2008.”
→ItoldherthattheBeijingOlympicGameswereheldin2008.
注意3:
直接引语中含有情态助动词,情态助动词没有过去式(oughtto)或已经是过去式(hadbetter,usedto,could,should,would,might),变间接引语时,时态不变。
Johnsaid,“Youhadbetterfinishyourhomeworkfirsttoday.”
→JohnsaidthatIhadbetterfinishmyhomeworkfirstthatday.
注意4:
直接引语中含有must,变间接引语时,must的变化,视其意义及句型而定。
Hesaidtoher,“Itmustbeverylate.Imustsaygood-byetoyou.”
→Hetoldherthatitmustbeverylate,andthathemust/hadtosaygood-byetoher.
(“MustIgobacktomorrow?
”Janeasked.→Janeaskedifhehadtocomebackthenextday.)
注意5:
直接引语含有某些假设句型时,变间接引语时,假设句型的时态不变。
“IsuggestthemeetingbeheldnextMonday.”Rosesaid.
→RosesuggestedthatthemeetingbeheldthenextMonday.
Theteachersaid,“Itistimewehadarest.”
→Theteachersaiditwastimetheyhadarest.
Shesaid,“I’dratheryoudidn’tmakesomuchnoise.”
→Shesaidthatshe’dratherIdidn’tmakesomuchnoise.
Hesaid,“IfIhadtime,Iwouldgotoseeyou.”
→Hesaidthatifhehadtime,hewouldcometoseeme.
二.直接引语为一般疑问句:
间接引语用连词if/whether,并用陈述句语序。
时态等也作相应的变化。
“Doyouwantmetolendyouahand?
”shesaidtome.
→Sheaskedmeif/whetherIwantedhertolendmeahand.
“Willyougototheconcertwithmethisevening?
”Maryaskedme.
→Maryaskedmeif/whetherIwouldgototheconcertwithherthatevening..
三.直接引语为反意疑问句,间接引语用连词whether/if。
直接引语为选择疑问句,间接引语用
连词whether…or…。
两者都并用陈述句语序。
时态等也作相应的变化。
“Youattendedtheirweddinglastweek,didn’tyou?
”sheaskedme.
→Sheaskedmeif/whetherIhadattendedtheirweddingtheweekbefore.
“Youwillbefreenextweekend,won’tyou?
→SheaskedmewhetherIwouldbefreethenextweekendornot.
“DoyoulikeTVormovies?
”JackaskedJane.
→JackaskedJanewhethershelikedTVormovies.
“Issheadoctororanurse?
”saidMrWhite.
→MrWhiteaskedwhethershewasadoctororanurse.
四.直接引语为特殊疑问句,间接引语用原来的连词,并用陈述句语序。
“WheredoesyourEnglishteachercomefrom?
”XiaoMing’sparentsaskedhim.
→XiaoMing’sparentsaskedhimwherehisEnglishteachercamefrom.
“Whatdidyoudohereyesterday?
”theoldwomanaskedmysister.
→Theoldwomanaskedmysisterwhatshehaddonetherethedaybefore.
但是:
“WhendidyougraduatefromJiangxiNormalUniversity?
→SheaskedmewhenIgraduatedfromJiangxiNormalUniversity.
五.直接引语为祈使句,间接引语改成tell/ask/beg/ordersbtodosth结构。
“SpeakEnglishmoreofteninandoutofclass,”ourEnglishteachersaidtous.
→OurEnglishteachertoldustospeakEnglishmoreofteninandoutofclass.
“Don’tstayuptoolate,boysandgirls,”theteachersaid.
→Theteachertoldtheboysandgirlsnottostayuptoolate.
“Pleasegivemeahand,”theoldwomansaidtothepoliceman.
→Theoldwomanaskedthepolicemantogiveherahand.
“Letmegiveyoualifttoschool,”Michaelsaidtome.
→Michaelofferedtogivemealifttoschool.
“Letuspackuptheclothesforyou,”theysaidtome.
→Theyofferedtopackuptheclothesforme.
“Let’sstayheretillRosecomesback,”Petersaidtome.
→PetersuggestedstayingtheretillRosecameback.
→PetersuggestedthatweshouldstaytheretillRosecameback.
“Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?
”shesaidtome.
→Sheaskedmetoopenthewindow.
“Whynotgoswimmingthisafternoon?
”theboysaid.
→Theboysuggestedgoingswimmingthatafternoon.
“Youcleantheclassroomafterclasstoday,Tom,”saidthemonitor.
→ThemonitortoldTomtocleantheclassroomafterclassthatday.
六.直接引语为感叹句,间接引语可以为下面形式:
“Whatalovelydayitis!
”shesaid.
→Sheremarkedwhatalovelydayitwas.
→Sheremarkedthatitwasalovelyday.
“Howbeautifulthelakelooks!
→Shesaidhowbeautifulthelakelooked.
→Sheexclaimedthatthelakelookedbeautiful.
“Happybirthday!
”hesaidtoher.
→Hewishedherahappybirthday.
七.各类句子混合使用时的间接引语。
“CouldyoushowmethewaytotheNo2MiddleSchool?
I’manew-comer.”shesaidtome.
→SheaskedmetoshowherthewaytotheNo2MiddleSchoolasshewasanew-comer.
“It’safineday.Let’sgotothecountryforapicnic,”Jimsaidtome.
→Jimsaidthatitwasafinedayandaskedmetogotothecountryforapicnicwithhim.
直接引语变间接引语练习题
1.Hesaid:
“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”
2.Shesaid:
“Hewillbebusy.”
3.ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?
”
4.Sheasked,“Isthisbookyoursorhis?
5.Theteacherasked,“howdidyourepairit?
6.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Don’twasteyourtime.”
7.Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”
8.Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”
9.Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”
10.Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”
11.Hesaid,“Wearestillstudents.’
12.Hesaidtome,“Iwasbornin1978.”
13.Theengineersaid,“Iwasatcollegein1967.”
14.Hesaid,“IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIwasaboy.”
15.Shesaid,“IreadthebookwhileIwaswaitingforabus.
16.Mr.Greensaidtothem,“Joetoldmeallabouthisstorywhenheaskedforajob.”
17.Hesaid,“Weinsistedthatshestartimmediately.
18.Shesaid,“Hedemandedthatthegirlleaveatonce.”
19.Isaidtohim,“Ihavefinishedit.”
20.Shesaidtous,“I’llcomeheretomorrow.”
21.“Wheredoesyourchemistryteacherlive,Karen?
”theyoungmanasked.
22.“Ihavegainedthefirstplaceinthemathematicscompetition,”thelittleboysaidhappily.
23.“Lighttravelsfasterthansound,”thephysicsteachersaidtotheboysandgirls.
24.“Willyougototheconcertwithmethisevening?
”Maryaskedme.
25.“Whatdidyoudohereyesterday?
”theoldmanaskedmybrother.
直接引语变间接引语专练题
(二)
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.Heasked________forthecomputer.
A.didIpayhowmuchB.Ipaidhowmuch
C.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid
2.“Haveyouseenthefilm?
”heaskedme.→Heaskedme_______.
A.hadIseenthefilmB.haveIseenthefilm
C.ifIhaveseenthefilmD.whetherIhadseenthefilm
3.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.
→He______me_____thewindow.
A.saidto;
tocloseB.toldto;
closing
C.asked;
tocloseD.saidto;
pleaseclose
4.“Iamateacher,”Jacksaid.→Hesaid_________.
A.thatIamateacherB.Iwasateacher
C.thatheisateacherD.hewasateacher
5.Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.”→He_____-verynaughty.
A.saidhismotherthattheboywas
B.saidtohismotherthattheboyis
C.toldhismotherthattheboywas
D.spoketohismotherthattheboywas
6.“You’vealreadygotwell,haven’tyou?
”sheasked.
→Sheasked________.
A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadn’tyou
B.whetherIhadalreadygotwell
C.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.
7.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeagu
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