考研英语答案.docx
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考研英语答案.docx
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考研英语答案
2000年考研英语答案
【篇一:
2000年考研英语真题(含答案分析)】
class=txt>partⅠclosetest
directions:
foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,thereare
fourchoicesmarked[a],[b],[c]and[d].choosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronanswersheet1by
blackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)
①ifafarmerwishestosucceed,hemusttrytokeepawide
gapbetweenhisconsumptionandhisproduction.
②hemust
storealargequantityofgrain1
consumingallhisgrain
immediately.
③hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhis
family2heproducesasurplus.
④hemustusethissurplusin
threeways:
asseedforsowing,asaninsurance3
the
unpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommodity
whichhemustsellinorderto4
oldagriculturalimplements
andobtainchemicalfertilizersto
5
thesoil.
⑤hemayalso
needmoneytoconstructirrigation
6andimprovehisfarmin
otherways.
⑥ifnosurplusisavailable,afarmercannotbe7.
⑦hemusteithersellsomeofhispropertyor8extrafundsin
theformofloans.⑧naturallyhewilltrytoborrowmoneyatalow9ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot10obtainable.
[139words]
1.[a]otherthan[b]aswellas
[c]insteadof[d]morethan
1.[a]onlyif[b]muchas
[c]longbefore[d]eversince
3.[a]for[b]against
[c]of[d]towards
4.[a]replace[b]purchase
[c]supplement[d]dispose
5.[a]enhance[b]mix
[c]feed[d]raise
6.[a]vessels[b]routes
[c]paths[d]channels
7.[a]
self-confident
[b]
self-sufficient
[c]
self-satisfied
[d]self-restrained
8.[a]search[b]save
[c]offer[d]seek
9.[a]proportion[b]percentage
[c]rate[d]ratio
10.[a]
genuinely
[b]
obviously
[c]
presumably
[d]
frequently
partⅡreadingcomprehension
directions:
eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.
foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked[a],[b],
[c]and[d].readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.thenmarkyouranswer
onanswersheet1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)
passage1
①ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifproperlyhandled,itmaybecomeadrivingforce.②whentheunitedstatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendofthesecondworldwar,ithadamarket
eighttimeslargerthananycompetitor,givingitsindustries
unparalleledeconomiesofscale.③itsscientistsweretheworld?
sbest;itsworkersthemostskilled.④(11)americaand
americanswereprosperousbeyondthedreamsoftheeuropeansandasianswhoseeconomiesthewarhaddestroyed.
①itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedas
othercountriesgrewricher.
②justasinevitably,theretreat
frompredominanceprovedpainful.
③bythemid-1980s
americanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfading
industrialcompetitiveness.
④somehugeamericanindustries,
suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkorvanishedinthe
faceofforeigncompetition.
⑤by1987therewasonlyone
americantelevisionmakerleft,zenith.
⑥(nowthereisnone:
zenithwasboughtbysouthkorea
’slgelectronicsinjuly.)⑦
(12)foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintothe
domesticmarket.?
america’smachine-toolindustrywasontheropes.⑧forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichamericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.
①allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.②americans
stoppedtakingprosperityforgranted.③theybegantobelieve
thattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailing,andthattheir
incomeswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.④the
mid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecausesof
america’sindustrialdecline.⑤theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfromoverseas.
①howthingshavechanged!
②in1995theunitedstatescan
lookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhilejapanhasbeen
struggling.
③(14)fewamericansattributethissolelytosuch
obviouscausesasadevalueddollarortheturningofthe
businesscycle.④self-doubthasyieldedto
blindpride.
⑤“americanindustryhaschangeditsstructure,
hasgoneonadiet,haslearnttobemorequick-
witted,”
accordingtorichardcavanaugh,executivedeanofharvard
’s
kennedyschoolofgovernment.
⑥“itmakesmeproudtobean
americanjusttoseehowourbusinessesareimprovingtheir
productivity,
”saysstephenmooreofthecatoinstitute,athink
-
tankinwashington,dc.
⑦andwilliamsahlmanoftheharvard
businessschoolbelievesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthis
periodas
“agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheunited
states.[”429words
]
11.theu.s.achieveditspredominanceafterworldwariibecause.[a]ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthisgoal
[b]itsdomesticmarketwaseighttimeslargerthanbefore
[c]thewarhaddestroyedtheeconomiesofmostpotentialcompetitors[d]theunparalleledsizeofitsworkforcehadgivenanimpetustoitseconomy
12.thelossofu.s.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefactthattheamerican.
[a]tvindustryhadwithdrawntoitsdomesticmarket
[b]semiconductorindustryhadbeentakenoverbyforeignenterprises[c]machine-toolindustryhadcollapsedafter
suicidalactions[d]autoindustryhadlostpartofitsdomesticmarket
13.whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
[a]itishumannaturetoshiftbetweenself-doubtandblindpride.[b]intensecompetitionmaycontributetoeconomicprogress.
[c]therevivaloftheeconomydependsoninternationalcooperate[d]alonghistoryofsuccessmaypavethewayforfurtherdevelopment.
14.theauthorseemstobelievetherevivaloftheu.s.economyinthe1990scanbeattributedtothe.
[a]turningofthebusinesscycle
[b]restructuringofindustry
[c]improvedbusinessmanagement
[d]successineducation
passage2
(15)①beingamanhasalwaysbeendangerous.②thereare
about105malesbornforevery100females,butthisratiodropstonearbalanceattheageofmaturity,andamong70-
year-oldstherearetwiceasmanywomenasmen.③butthe
greatuniversalofmalemortalityisbeingchanged.④now,boy
babiessurvivealmostaswellasgirlsdo.⑤thismeansthat,for
thefirsttime,therewillbeanexcessofboysinthosecrucial
yearswhentheyaresearchingforamate.⑥moreimportant,
anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeenremoved.⑦fifty
yearsago,thechanceofa
baby(particularlyaboybaby)survivingdependedonitsweight.?
akilogramtoolightortooheavymeantalmostcertain
death.⑧todayitmakesalmostnodifference.sincemuchofthevariationisduetogenes,onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone.
①thereisanotherwaytocommitevolutionarysuicide:
stay
alive,buthavefewerchildren.②fewpeopleareasfertileasin
thepast.③exceptinsomereligiouscommunities,veryfew
womenhave15children.④nowadaysthenumberofbirths,
liketheageofdeath,hasbecomeaverage.⑤mostofushave
roughlythesamenumberofoffspring.⑥(16)again,
differencesbetweenpeopleandtheopportunityfornatural
selectiontotakeadvantageofithavediminished.⑦india
showswhatishappening.?
thecountryofferswealthforafew
inthegreatcitiesandpovertyfortheremainingtribalpeoples.
⑧thegrandmediocrityoftoday—everyonebeingthesamein
survivalandnumberofoffspring—meansthatnatural
selectionhaslost80%ofitspowerinupper-middle-classindia
comparedtothetribes.
forus,thismeansthatevolutionisover;thebiologicalutopiahasarrived.②strangely,ithasinvolvedlittlephysicalchange.
③nootherspeciesfillssomanyplacesinnature.
④butinthe
past100,000years—eventhepast100years
—ourliveshave
beentransformedbutourbodieshavenot.
⑤(17)wedidnot
evolve,becausemachinesandsocietydiditforus.
⑥darwin
hadaphrasetodescribethoseignorantofevolution:
they
“lookatanorganicbeingasasavagelooksataship,asat
somethingwhollybeyondhiscomprehension.”⑦nodoubtwe
willremembera20thcenturywayoflifebeyondcomprehensionforitsugliness.?
buthoweveramazedourdescendantsmaybeathowfarfromutopiawewere,theywilllookjustlikeus.[406words]
15.whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirstparagraph?
[a]alackofmates.[b]afiercecompetition.[c]a
lowersurvivalrate.[d]adefectivegene.
16.whatdoestheexampleofindiaillustrate?
[a]wealthypeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoorpeople.[b]naturalselectionhardlyworksamongtherich
andthepoor.[c]themiddleclasspopulationis80%smallerthanthatofthetribes.
[d]indiaisoneofthecountrieswithaveryhighbirthrate.
17.theauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolvingbecause.[a]lifehasbeenimprovedbytechnologicaladvance
[b]thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeendeclining
[c]ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageofevolution
[d]thedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertyisdisappearing
18.whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
[a]sexratiochangesinhumanevolution.
[b]waysofcontinuingman’sevolution.
[c]theevolutionaryfutureofnature.
[d]humanevolutiongoingnowhere.passage3
①(20)whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,
itisadvisable
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