北师大版高中英语必修五第9讲Unit15 Learning语法篇教师版Word文件下载.docx
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北师大版高中英语必修五第9讲Unit15 Learning语法篇教师版Word文件下载.docx
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Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,youwouldbebetternow.
4.含蓄条件句
句中没有明显的虚拟条件状语从句,而是利用其它手段来代替条件状语从句,如用butfor,without,or,otherwise等。
Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavesucceedintheexperiment.
二,名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1.在某些表示“命令,要求,建议”等的动词,名词以及形容词存在的主语从句,宾语从句,表
语从句,同位语从句中的虚拟语气结构为:
(should)+动词原形。
常这样用的动词有:
一坚持:
insist
二命令:
order,command
四建议:
suggest(suggestionn.),advise(advicen.),propose(proposaln.),recommend
五要求:
require(requirementn.),request,demand,desire,urge
Thegraduateinsistedthathe(should)gotoworkinthesouth.(宾语从句)
Weagreedtoorderthatthetask(should)becompleted.(同位语从句)
Hisdemandisthattheboy(should)gowiththem.(表语从句)
Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputofftillnext.(主语从句)
当suggest表示“暗示,表明”之意时,insist表示“坚持认为,坚持说”之意时,后接的宾语从句应当用陈述语气。
Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision.
2.在wouldrather后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
宾语从句的谓语如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作,从句用一般过去时;
如果表示过去发生的动作,从句用过去完成时。
IwouldratherIleftnow.
Iwouldratheryoucamenextmonth.
Iwouldratherhehadpassedtheexam.
3.在wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
分类从句谓语
与现在事实相反did(were)
与过去事实相反haddone
与将来事实相反would/could/might+动词原形
Iwishyouwouldgowithustomorrow.
IwishIhadtoldhimthewaytothesupermarket.
IwishthatIwereabird.
三,其他虚拟情况
1.在ifonly引导的感叹句中的虚拟语气
IfonlyIwereyoungernow.
IfonlyIhadknownthenewsearlier.
onlyif表示“只有…(才)”,引导条件状语从句,不用虚拟语气。
Itoldhimhewouldsucceedonlyifheworkedhard.
2.虚拟语气在asif/asthough(好像)引导的表语从句和方式状语从句中的用法
Helooksasifhewereanartist.
Irememberitclearlyasifithadhappenedyesterday.
当句子叙述的是真实的或极有可能发生的或存在的事实时,从句要用陈述语气。
Itsoundsasifitisraining.
3.用于It’s(high/right)time(that)…“是该干…的时候了”句型中,从句中谓语动词用过去式或
“should+动词原形”。
It’s(high)timethatyouwent/shouldgotobed.
例1.Mygrandpainsistedthathe_____injuredand_____tothehospital.
A.be,besent
B.was,wassent
C.be,wassent
D.was,besent
解析:
句意:
我爷爷坚持认为他受伤了,坚决要求把他送到医院。
本题考查宾语从句和虚拟语气。
Insist意为“坚持认为”时,其后所带的宾语从句用陈述语气,故第一空用was;
意为“坚决要求”时,其后所带的宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”,故答案为D。
答案:
D。
例2.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI_____it?
A.Haddone
B.Havedone
C.did
D.amdoing
是约翰打坏的窗户,你为什么和我说呢?
好像是我打坏的一样。
本题考查虚拟语气。
第一句已经说明是John打坏的窗户,所以第二句中asif后面要用虚拟语气,而且是对过去的虚拟,所以要用过去完成时,故选A。
A。
例3.(2019北京丰台高三二模)—Sorryindeed,I_____yourweddingifIhadbeeninBeijing.
—Forgetit.Iknowyouwereoutonbusiness.
A.attended
B.hadattended
C.wouldattend
D.wouldhaveattended
确实很抱歉,如果我在北京的话,我肯定会参加你的婚礼的。
算了吧,我知道那时你在外出差。
根据语境可知,前者没有参加后者的婚礼。
由此可知,空格处应用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的虚拟。
例4.(2019北京通州高三一模)Ifhe_____myadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.
A.followed
B.shouldfollow
C.wouldfollow
D.hadfollowed
如果他听了我的建议,他就不会失业了。
根据语境并结合句中“hewouldn’thavelosthisjob”可知此空是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句应用过去完成时。
故答案选D。
例5.(2019北京通州高三二模)Wewouldhavewonifwe_____thousandsoffansscreaning.
A.hadhad
B.had
C.havehad
D.Have
如果我们有成千上万的粉丝为之呐喊,那我们已经取得胜利了。
根据“wouldhavewon”可知,本句为对过去的虚拟,所以if引导的条件句要用过去完成时,故答案选D。
基础演练
一,单项选择。
1.Mymomsuggeststhatwe_____eatoutforachangethisweekend.
A.ShouldB.mightC.couldD.would
2.Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachild’sfirsteyeexam_____attheageofsixmonthsold.
A.wasB.beC.wereD.is
3.—Wherearethechildren?
Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.
—Iwishthey_____alwayslate.
A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen
4.IfonlyI_____moreconfidenceintheEnglishspeechcontestheldlastweek.
A.wouldhaveB.havehadC.hadhadD.have
5.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe______somethinginsteadofjusttalking.
A.willdoB.hasdoneC.doD.did
6.I’dappreciate_____ifyoucouldteachmehowtousethecomputer.
A.thatB.itC.thisD.you
7.Whatimpressesmemostis_____heappearsinfrontofothers,hewearsascienceandcharmingsmile.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.thatwhatever
8.(2019北京房山高三二模)WithoutyourgoodadviceoflearningEnglish,I_____thetestlastweek.
A.didn’tpassB.wouldn’tpassC.wouldn’thavepassedD.hadn’tpassed
9.(2019北京丰台高三一模)Withalittlemorecare,you_____thetrafficaccident.It’sluckythatyoujusthurtyourarm.
A.canavoidB.avoidedC.hadavoidedD.couldhaveavoided
10.(2019北京东城高三二模)ImightspeakFrenchfluentlyifI_____thechancetostayinFranceforsometime.
A.ambeinggivenB.weregivenC.willbegivenD.wouldbegiven
Keys:
1-10ABACDBDCAB
巩固提高
一,完成句子。
1.—他们究竟去哪里了?
—我不知道,但我希望我知道。
—Whereonearthhavetheygone?
—Ihavenoidea,butIwishI_________(know).
2.—他明天要来。
—但我宁愿他后天来。
—Hewillcometomorrow.
—ButI’dratherhe__________(come)thedayaftertomorrow.
3.你该做家务活了。
Itishightimethatyou________________thehousework.
4.要是某一天我能到月球上去多好啊!
IfonlyI____________________tothemoononeday.
5.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里。
HetalksaboutRomanasifhe___________________therebefore.
一,1.Know2.came
3.shoulddo4.couldgo
5.hadbeen
1.Ineedtimeto_____onwhatyouoffered.
A.considerB.reflectC.imagineD.suggest
2.Afriendislikeamirror.Whenyoustandinfrontofatruefriend,whatis______backtoyou.
A.reflectingB.toreflect
C.beingreflectedD.beenreflected
3.Playingvideogamescanmakechildrenaggressiveand_____attentiondisorders.Sochildrenwhoplayvideogamesalotseemtohavemoretroubleinschool.
A.contributetoB.resultfrom
C.lieinD.comeabout
4.Itishardforsuchalittlechildrento_____thedifferencebetweenrightandwrong.
A.selectB.distinguishC.instructD.reflect
5.Thesuccessofamarriagedependsontheextent_____whichyouarepreparedtoworkatit.
A.toB.inC.onD.of
6.—Excuseme,youaresupposedtohandinyourdesignnow.
—I’msorry,mycomputerbrokedown,orI_____itlastnight.
A.finishedB.wouldfinishC.hadfinishedD.wouldhavefinished
7.Theemployeetalkedabouthiseducationbackground,butthemanagerwouldratherhe_____moreonhisworkingexperience,
A.focusB.focusedC.occupyD.reflect
8.Teachersrecommendparents_____theirchildrenunder12toridebicyclestoschoolforsafety.
A.notallowB.donotallowC.mustn’tallowD.couldn’tallow
二,根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.—Doyouliketheschool?
—Yeah.Ionlywishtheclasses___________(be)alittlesmaller.
2.WiththeSpringFestivalapproaching,theexperts’suggestionthattickets_________(book)onlineisof
vitalpractice.
3.Expertssuggestthatpeopleshould__________(take)upsomehobbies,whichmayhelpreduce
pressureanddepression.
4.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe__________(focus)more
onitsculture.
5.Thestoryissovivid—IfeelasifI__________(be)there.
6.LookatthetroubleIamin!
IfonlyI__________(be)morecarefulwhendriving.
7.Heisapoorlylearnedman,betheactsasthoughhe__________(be).
Keys:
一,1-8BAABADDA
二,1.were2.bebooked
3.take4.focused
5.were6.Hadbeen
7.were
_________________________________________________________________________________
一,完型填空。
AbrahamLincoln(亚伯拉罕.林肯)wasbornin1809.Atthattime,theUnitedStatesdidnotlooklikethe1thatweknowtoday.Therewere2states,asyoucanseeonthe3.MostofthestateswereintheEastandtheSouth,andtherewereonlytwostatesintheWest,4thecoastandthemountains.
ThestatewhereLincolnwasbornwasinthe5ofthecountrybetweentheNorthandtheSouth.Hisfatherwasafarmerwho6hadmuchmoney,7hisfamilyoftendidnotevenhaveenoughfoodto8.LittleAbrahamhadtoworkonhisfather’s9whenhewasonlysixyearsold.
Inthosedays,ifparentswantedtosendtheir10toschool,theyhadto11theteachersthatrantheschool.Abraham’sfathercouldnotreadorwrite,andhedidnotthinktheboy12anyschooling(学校教育).“Abe’slifewillnotbedifferentifhecanreadandwrite,”hesaid.“Andpoorpeoplehaven’tanythingtocount,soAbewillnot13arithmetic(算术).”
ButAbe’smotherdidnot14him,andwhenateachercametoopenaschool,Abe’smothermanaged(设法)to15enoughmoneytosendAbeandhissisterthere.
Abelovedschool16thefirstday,andhewasalwaysthe17pupilinhisclass,buthewasaboy18otherboysandhewasnotconfident.Helearnedtoreadandwriteveryquickly,andinoneofhisschoolbookshe19:
AbrahamLin
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