特殊句型的被动语态Word下载.docx

特殊句型的被动语态Word下载.docx

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⑴含有使役动词（make/let/have）或感官动词（hear,see,listento,lookat,find,watch,feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to,但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。

例：

①Motheroftenmakesmedosomehousework.

→Iamoftenmadetodosomehouseworkbymother.

②Wesawhimrunintotheclassroom.

→Hewasseentorunintotheclassroombyus.

⑵teach,give,pass,show,buy,tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：

直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。

如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。

①Ｓhegavemeapen.=Shegaveapentome.

→Iwasgivenapenbyher.

→Apenwasgiventomebyher.

②Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.=Myfatherboughtanewbikeforme.

→Iwasboughtanewbikebymyfather.

→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.

⑶由不及物动词（vi）+介词/副词＋宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。

（前面已举过两例）

①Ｗeshouldspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.

→Oldpeopleshouldbespokentopolitely（byus）.

②Hetookawaythebox..

→Theboxwastakenawaybyhim.

⑷含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。

（宾补放在原来位置不变）

①WecallhimXiaoMa.

主谓　宾宾补

→ＨeiscalledXiaoMabyus.

②Hefoundthebookveryinteresting.

→Thebookwasfoundveryinterestingbyhim.

三、Itissaidthat+从句及其他类似句型

一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋todosth.”。

有：

Itissaidthat…据说,Itisreportedthat…据报道，Itisbelievedthat…大家相信，Itishopedthat…大家希望，Itiswellknownthat…众所周知，Itisthoughtthat…大家认为，Itissuggestedthat…据建议。

例Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.（＝Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.）

四没有被动语态的动词：

1.没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost,fit,have,suit,writewell（好写）,sellwell（好卖）等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen=takeplace,breakout（爆发），breakdown（坏了）等不及物动词或短语以及诸如resultfrom（缘于），belongto,等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态

2不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:

appear,　die,disappear,end（vi.结束）,fail,last（持续）,lie,remain,sit,spread（传播）,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,...

3.大多数系动词：

be,feel（摸起来），sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来）taste（尝起来）等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。

①Ｔheskirtfeelsverysoft.这件裙子摸起来很柔软。

②Manychangeshavehappenedinourhometown.

③Thefilmlastedfor3months

语法专练

一、把下列主动语态改为被动语态:

1.WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.

_______________________________________________________________________________.

2.Theywillshowanewfilmnextweek.

_______________________________________________________________________________.

3.Isawtheboyentertheroom.

_________________________________________________________________________.

4.Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmate.

5.Youmustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed.

______________________________________________________________________________.

二、选择填空:

1.Thereadingroom________yesterdayafternoon.

A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleaningD.wascleaned

2.Theworkersweremade________tenhoursaday.

A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked

3.Food________inacoolplaceinsummer.

A.mustkeepB.mustn’tkeepC.mustbekeptD.mustn’tbekept

4.Thepen________well.

A.writesB.iswrittenC.waswrittenD.writing

5.Greatchanges________inthetownsince1988.

A.havetakenplaceB.havebeentakenplace

C.hastakenplaceD.hasbeentakenplace

6.Ourcompositionsmust________nextMonday.

A.behandinB.behandedinC.handedinD.behandingin

7.Thechildwill________backtohisparentsnextmonth.

A.sentB.sendC.besentD.besending

8.Theclassroom________now

A.iscleaningB.isbeingcleaning

C.isbeingcleanedD.iscleaned

9.Nopermission允许has________foranybodytoenterthebuilding.

A.beengivenB.givenC.togiveD.begiven

10.I_______tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.

A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven

11.Cansuchathing_____happeningagain?

A.preventfromB.preventedfrom

C.bepreventedfromD.topreventfrom

12.Anewhouse________atthecorneroftheroad.

A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding

三、用适当时态和语态的动词填空:

用一个或几个单词

1.Canhe________（speak）English?

2.Whatlanguage________（speak）inthatcountry?

3.Thefilm________（show）manytimessincelastSunday.

4.TheseTVsets________（make）inSichuan.

5.Ithasgotsodark.Wouldyouplease________（turn）onthelight?

6.Anewhospital________（build）inthisareanow.

7.I________（tell）thathe________（notcome）justnow.