Scientific Breeding文档格式.docx
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Scientific Breeding文档格式.docx
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Pathogen:
noND,AInorsalmonella;
lessthan3%ofmycoplasmatobetestedout.
Antibody:
antibodyleveliseven,mainlytheantibodylevelofND,AI&
IBD.
Externalquality(appearance):
∙Clean&
tidyfeather,uniformsize,vivacious,standingandwalkingstably;
vigorouslystrugglingwhencaughtbyhand;
alert,livelywithshiningeyes;
nodeformity;
yolkfullyabsolvedandnavelwellhealed;
chirpclearandloud;
glossaryskinonfeetanddreadfeet;
bodyweightover35grams.
3.1.2PlacementSchedule
BroilerplacementschedulemustensureDOCsforthesamehouseorsamefarmcomefrombreederflocksofsameweekageandsamevaccinationstatus,bestfromthesameflock.Ifitisnotpossible,DOCsfromflocksofsameweekageshallbeselected.
Only1houseofthefarmisallowedtobeplacedwithDOCsfrombreederflocksofdifferentweekagesanddifferentvaccinationstatus.
3.1.3HatcheryandDOCTransportationControl
VaccinateDOCswithrightvaccinesinproperwayataccuratedosage.
Aftersexingandvaccination,DOCsshallbeplacedindarkandwellcontrolledenvironmenttolettheDOCscalmdownbeforedelivery.
DOCsshallbeloadedandtransportedbyfacilitieswithgoodenvironmentcontrol.
DOCtransportationtimeshallbeprescheduledsoastoplaceDOCsintobroodingareaassoonaspossible.
Afterbeinghatched,DOCsshallbesuppliedwithfeedandwaterasearlyaspossible.
Table1:
BestconditionforDOCstorageandtransportation(orasofbroodingcondition)
DOCStorage
EnvironmentTemp.:
22-24℃*
Min.RH:
50%
AirExchange:
0.71m3/min/1000birds
DOCTransportation
EnvironmentTemp:
22-24℃
50%(longdistance)
AirExchange:
Notes:
Undersuchstorageandtransportationcondition,temperatureamongchicksshallbecontrolledbetween30-35℃andrelativehumiditybetween70-80%.
Thistemperatureismuchmoreimportantthantheenvironmenttemperaturesetbeforetransportation,becauseenvironmenttemperaturesettingmayvarypertruck.
TemperatureshouldbeadjustedaccordingtoactualDOCbodytemperature.Normalrectaltemperatureofchicksisbetween39-40℃.
3.1.4DOCQualityControl
AppearanceCheck:
chickspirit,leg,eyes,toes,navel,hock,anus(dungstatus),whetherdehydration,etc.
DOCWeightCheck:
checkbodyweightofplannedquantityofchicksperfarmperflockbyelectronicscaleandkeeprecords.
MicrobiologicalTest:
onceperweek,10chicksatleastperfarmtorunmicrobiologicaltest.Takechicklung,yolkandcecumcontenttodostreakcultivationonagarplatetotestwhetherchicksinfectedwithbacteriaasaspergillus,salmonella,staphylococcus,bacilluscoliandsoon.InformhatcheryplantandQAdepartmentofthecultivationresult.
SerologicalAntibodyTest:
onceperfarm,nolessthan20bloodsamplespertimeperfarm.RegulartestsshouldincludethematernalantibodyofNDandIBD.Whensuspiciousofotherdiseases,mayrunrelevanttests.
Normally,takesamplesfrombroilers5-7daysbeforeslaughteringtotestantibodylevel(suchasND,IBD,IB,etc.).Nolessthan20birdsperflock.
Incaseofabnormality,runtestsaccordingtopreliminarydiagnosisandrecommendationfromVets.
RunmaternalantibodytestondayoldchicksandrunND,AIandIBDtestonbirdsof20daysofage,30daysofageand7daysbeforeslaughtering.
Accordingtothespecificationdescribedin3.4.3and3.4.2regardingantibodyleveltest,usethetestresulttoprovideguidancetovaccination,diseaseinfectionwarning,vaccinationeffectevaluationandassessmentofDOCsupplierswhethermeettheagreedmaternalantibodylevel.
3.3BreedingManagement
Goodfarmlayouthelpswithbiosecuritycontrolandproductionmanagementinlatersate.Premierfullyclosedhouseswithhighautomation,plusscientificbreedingandfeedingprogram,isoneofthekeystoachievesuccessinscalebreeding.Howtoprovidebroilerswithidealenvironmentthroughscientificventilationsetupisthecoreofhousedesign.
3.3.2BroodingManagement(1stweek)
Preparationbeforeplacement
Ifthefarmcapacityislessorequaltodailykillvolume,itisbettertoplacethefarminsameday(inotherwords,all-in-all-out).Iftherearebirdsofdifferentagesatthesamefarm,itisratherdifficulttorunvaccinationprogramanddowashinganddisinfection.Effectwouldbeprettypoor,andthuswillleadtopoorperformanceasaresultofhealthissue.Ifthefarmcapacityexceedsdailykillvolume,placementdaysshallbeinaccordancewithkilldays.
BeforelitterplacementandDOCarrival,houseitself,itssurroundingsandallequipmentmustbewashedanddisinfectedthoroughly.Afterwards,makesureofsupervisionsystemtopreventpathogenicmicroorganismintothehouse.Allvehicles,equipmentandpeoplecannotenterthefarmbeforedisinfection.
Fivetoeightcmlittershouldbeplacedontothehousefloorevenly.Whenlitterintightsupplyandthuspricehigh,iflittertemperatureontopofthefloorcanreach28-30℃,thethicknesscanreduceappropriately.Iflitterplacedunevenly,feedintakeandwaterconsumptionwillbelimitedandthusimpactsflockuniformity.Housetemperatureandrelativehumidityshouldreachidealrequirement24hoursbeforeDOCarrival.Herearetherecommendations:
Housetemperatureis30℃.(Measuredatthechickheightandwherethefeedlineandwaterlineare.)
Littertemperatureis28-30℃.
Relativehumidityis60-70%.
DOCplacementmanagement
Chickscannotregulateitsbodytemperaturebefore12-14daysofage.Therefore,chicksrelyonoptimalenvironmenttemperaturetoachievebesteffectivetemperature.UponDOCarrival,littertemperatureisasimportantasairtemperatureinsidethehouse.Hence,itisrathersignificanttopreheatthehouse.
Housetemperatureandhumidityshouldbemonitoredperiodicallytoensureenvironmentinthewholebroodingareaiseven.Watchtheflockactivityandadjustthetemperaturetooptimalstatus.
Chicksevenlyspreadoutwhentemperatureeven
BeforeDOCarrival,checkthefeedlineandwaterlineonceagaintomakesureofavailabilityandproperlayout.Uponarrival,chicksshouldeatanddrinkintime.
Afterarrival,thelongerinthechickbox,thehigherpossibilityofdehydration,finallyleadingtohighearlymortalityandnegativeimpacton7-daybodyweightandfinalslaughteredweight.
Chicksshouldbeplacedonthepackingpaperinbroodingareaquickly,gentlyandevenly.Andchicksshalleatanddrinkfreelyintime.Emptychickboxesshallbemovedoutofthehouse.
Normally1-2hoursafterplacement,chickswilladapttothenewenvironment.Afterwards,checktheflockoftentoensureallchickscaneatanddrinkeasily.Ifnecessary,adjustthehousetemperatureandhumidity.
First7daysafterchickplacement,23hoursoflightingshallbeofferedat30-40luxtohelpchicksadapttothenewenvironmentassoonaspossibleandboostfeedintakeandwaterconsumption.
Duringbroodingperiod,maintainthetemperaturestable.Theenvironmenttemperatureshouldbemeasuredatthelevelofchickback.Butitisnotanabsolutemeasurementstandard.Whethertemperatureproperornot,itisdeterminedbydistancefrombirdstoheatresourceandactivityarea.
Temperaturecontrolisthekeytobroilerchickhealth,growthandfeedutilization.Iftemperatureistoohigh,feedintakedrops,waterconsumptionincreasesandgrowthslowsdown;
iftemperaturetoolow,chickyolkabsorptionispooranddigestionnotgood,thusfeedconsumptiongoesupbutfeedconversiondecreases.Stabletemperatureisthekeytoensurenormalwaterconsumption,feedintakeandgrowth.Therefore,itisnecessarytocheckhousetemperaturefromtimetotime.
Relativehumiditymaintains60-65%andstable.
Ifchicksarecomfortable,birdswillbequitewithnobustling.Ifchickscrowdtogether,sobroodingtemperatureistooloworthereisdraught;
ifbirdsapartfromtheheatresourcewithwingsstretched,mouthwidelyopenandpanting,sothebroodingtemperatureistoohigh.
Aftervaccinationorotherstress,itisnecessarytoincreasehousetemperatureby1-2℃temporarily.
Ifvacuumdrinkersareused,theyshouldbemovedcloselytoautomaticdrinkersgraduallyat4to5daysofage.Whenchicksaccustomedtoautomaticdrinkers,vacuumonesshouldberemoved;
andmeanwhilegetbirdsaccustomedtoautomaticfeedersandremovefeedpansgradually.
Removedrinkersandfeedpansin3to4days.
Withthechickgrowth,heightenthedrinkersandfeedersgradually.Keepupperedgeoffeedersattheheightofchickbreast,andupperedgeofdrinkers(Plasson)attheheightofchickback.Nipperdrinkersshallbekeptattheheightappropriateformediumsizedchickstodrinkeasilywhenheadrises.
Disinfecttheenvironmenttwiceperweek(excludingdaysofvaccination).
Ifundernaturalventilationmode,appropriateairexchangeshouldbeconsidered.Airfunnelsshallbeinstalledevenlyontosidewalls.Sizeofopeningcanbeadjustedfreelytoensurecoldairoutsidetoenterthehousefromthetop.Incoldseason,itisbettertoexchangeairthroughfloorpipe
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