1英语句子成分基础练习及答案.doc

1英语句子成分基础练习及答案.doc

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1、英语句子成分讲解及练习

句子成分由词、词组或句子（从句）充当

英语的基本成分有七种：

主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语（adverbial）、补语（complement）。

英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

一：

ＳＶ（主＋谓）

1.Thesun│rose.

2.Who│cares?

3.Whathesaid│doesnotmatter.

4.They│talkedforhalfanhour.

5.Thepen│writessmoothly

二：

ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）

1.This│is│anEnglish-Chinesedictionary.

2.Thedinner│smells│good.

3.Everything│looks│different.

4.He│isgrowing│tallandstrong.

5.Ourwell│hasgone│dry.

6.Hisface│turned│red.

三：

ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）

1.Who│knows│theanswer?

2.He│hasrefused│tohelpthem.

3.He│enjoys│reading.

4.He│said，│"Goodmorning."

5.He│admits│thathewasmistaken.

四：

ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）

1.She│ordered│herself│anewdress.

2.He│brought│you│adictionary.

3.I│showed│him│mypictures.

4.I│told│him│thatthebuswaslate.

5.He│showed│me│howtorunthemachine.

五：

ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）

1.Thewarmadehimasoldier.

2.Newmethodsmakethejobeasy.

3.Ioftenfindhimatwork.

4.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoclosethewindows.

5.Isawacatrunningacrosstheroad.

（一）英语句子成分基础练习

（一）.指出下列句中主语的中心词

①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.

②Thereisanoldmancominghere.

③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.

④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.

（二）.选出句中谓语的中心词

①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.

   A.don't              B.like               C.picture      D.wall

②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.

   A.get                 B.longer           C.days  D.summer

③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?

   A.Do                B.usually           C.go             D.bus

④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.

   A.willbe           B.meeting         C.thelibrary     D.afternoon

⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?

A.Did                B.twins           C.have       D.breakfast

⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.

   A.Tom             B.didn't            C.do        D.hishomework

⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.

   A.want            B.totell            C.you         D.is

⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.

   A.We              B.had             C.send      D.doctor

⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.

   A.is                 B.interested      C.in        D.music

⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?

   A.give             B.did                 C.whom       D.book

（三）挑出下列句中的宾语

①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.

　　　　A        B    C         D

②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.

　   A     B        C                 D

③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.

　　　　　　　A        B      C          D

④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

　　　　　　　　A      B   C   D

⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?

　　　　          A                                           B                C              D

⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.

　　　　A                      B        C        D

⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.

　　A      B     C     D

⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.

　　　A           B                       C            D

⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.

　　　　　　A    B            C     D

⑩Theydidn'tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.

　　A           B         C                    

（四）挑出下列句中的表语

①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.

　　  A            B       C            D

②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?

　　　　A        B     C     D

③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.

　　A          B       C       D

④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.

　　　　A          B             C              D

⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.

　　　A        B       C        D

定语：

定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的单词、短语或句子，译为‘……的’。

可以作定语的有：

数词、形容词性物主代词、形容词、副词、名词、介词结构、不定式、现在分词、过去分词、从句。

（五）挑出下列句中的定语

①TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.

　  A    B                               C        D

②Whatisyourgivenname?

　　A   B           C      D

③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.

　　　　A    B C             D

④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.

　　　　A      B     C               D

⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.

　　A          B           C        D

⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!

　A      B             C                D

宾语补足语：

位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。

可以用作宾语补足语的有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词，过去分词。

（六）挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.

        A         B                C