初一英语语法总结与训练题Word文档格式.docx
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初一英语语法总结与训练题Word文档格式.docx
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九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。
actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;
但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。
mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。
fish鱼fishes鱼的种类,paper纸papers报纸,卷子,论文,work工作works作品,工厂,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光线lights灯,people人peoples民族,time时间times时代,次数,chicken鸡肉chickens小鸡
十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。
Is(I’s),Ks(K’s)。
但如是缩略词则只加s。
IDs,VCDs,SARs
十二)特殊形式的有:
child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen
B)名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。
构成如下:
一)单数在后面加’s。
brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。
Teachers’Day教师节,classmates’;
Children’sDay六一节,Women’sDay三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。
MikeandBen’sroom迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike’sandBen’srooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词
项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词
人称主格宾格形容词名词性
第一人称单数Imemyminemyself
复数weusouroursourselves
第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself
复数youyouyouryoursyourselves
第三人称单数sheherherhersherself
hehimhishishimself
itititsitsthisthatitself
复数theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves
3、动词
A)第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
一)一般在词后加s。
comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains
二)在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。
watches,washes,wishes,finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。
study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries
plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys
四)以o结尾加es。
does,goes
五)特殊的有:
are-is,have-has
B)现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
一)一般在后加ing。
spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。
dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show–showing,draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。
put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。
tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式。
一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。
greater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewerfewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est。
big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest
三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。
happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest
四)特殊情况:
(两好多坏,一少老远)
good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill–worseworst
little-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest
5、数词(基变序,有规则;
一、二、三,自己背;
五、八、九、十二;
其它后接th;
y结尾,变为i,eth跟上去。
)first,second,third;
fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;
seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;
twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth
二、初一英语语法——句式
1.陈述句
肯定陈述句a)Thisisabook.(be动词)
b)Helooksveryyoung.(连系动词)
c)Iwantasweatlikethis.(实义动词)
d)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.(情态动词)
e)There’sacomputeronmydesk.(Therebe结构)
否定陈述句a)Thesearen’ttheirbooks.b)Theydon’tlooknice.
c)Katedoesn’tgotoNo.4MiddleSchool.d)Katecan’tfindherdoll.
e)Thereisn’tacathere.(=There’snocathere.)
2.祈使句
肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let’slearnEnglish!
c)Comein,please.
否定祈使句a)Don’tbelate.b)Don’thurry.
3.疑问句
1)一般疑问句a)IsJimastudent?
b)CanIhelpyou?
c)Doesshelikesalad?
d)DotheywatchTV?
e)Isshereading?
肯定回答:
a)Yes,heis.b)Yes,youcan.c)Yes,shedoes.d)Yes,theydo.e)Yes,sheis.
否定回答:
a)No,heisn’t.b)No,youcan’t.c)No,shedoesn’t.d)No,theydon’t.e)No,sheisn’t.
2)选择疑问句Isthetablebigorsmall?
回答It’sbig./It’ssmall.
3)特殊疑问句
①问年龄HowoldisLucy?
Sheistwelve.
②问种类Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?
Ilikeactionmoviesandcomedies.
③问身体状况Howisyouruncle?
Heiswell/fine.
④问方式Howdo/canyouspellit?
L-doubleO-K.
Howdowecontactyou?
Mye-mailaddressiscindyjones@.
⑤问原因Whydoyouwanttojointheclub?
⑥问时间What’sthetime?
(=Whattimeisit?
)It’saquartertotena.m..
Whattimedoyouusuallygetup,Rick?
Atfiveo’clock.
Whendoyouwanttogo?
Let’sgoat7:
00.
⑦问地方Where’smybackpack?
It’sunderthetable.
⑧问颜色Whatcolorarethey?
Theyarelightblue.
What’syourfavouritecolor?
It’sblack.
⑨问人物Who’sthat?
It’smysister.
Whoistheboyinblue?
Mybrother.
Whoisn’tatschool?
PeterandEmma.
WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto?
⑩问东西What’sthis/that(inEnglish)?
It’sapencilcase.
Whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?
Icanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.
11问姓名What’syouraunt’sname?
HernameisHelen./She’sHelen.
What’syourfirstname?
Myfirstname’sBen.
What’syourfamilyname?
Myfamilyname’sSmith.
12问哪一个Whichdoyoulike?
Ilikeoneinthebox.
13问字母Whatletterisit?
It’sbigD/smallf.
14问价格Howmucharethesepants?
They’re15dollars.
15问电话号码What’syourphonenumber?
It’s576-8349.
16问谓语(动作)What’shedoing?
He’swatchingTV.
17问职业(身份)Whatdoyoudo?
I’mateacher.
What’syourfather?
He’sadoctor.
三、初一英语语法——时态
1、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有:
Be动词:
She’saworker.Issheaworker?
Sheisn’taworker.
情态动词:
Icanplaythepiano.Canyouplaythepiano?
Ican’tplaythepiano.
行为动词:
Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.Dotheywanttoeatanytomatoes?
Theydon’twanttoeatanytomatoes.
Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatch?
Ginadoesn’thaveawatch.
2、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sbbev-ingsth+其它.
I’mplayingbaseball.Areyouplayingbaseball?
I’mnotplayingbaseball.
Nancyiswritingaletter.IsNancywritingaletter?
Nancyisn’twritingaletter.
They’relisteningtothepopmusic.Aretheylisteningthepopmusic?
Theyaren’tlisteningtothepopmusic.
初一英语语法练习题
I.be动词(用be动词的正确形式填空)
1._______yourgrandmotherthinorchubby?
2.Where______yourbookonsnakes?
3.Where______mypencilcaseandmynotebook?
4.There_____ninepeopleinmyfamily.
5.---Howmuch______theexercisebookandthemagazine?
----That_____ninetydollars.
6.Ben______amiddleschoolstudent,andhisparents_____architects.
7.Scottlikesactionmoviesbest.Hisfavoriteactors______JackieChanandJetLi.
8.--Whatcolor_____yourshoes?
--Black.
9.--Hello.Myname_____Jack.Thisismyfriend.Hisname______Tom.
--Nicetomeetyou.I_______Rick.
10.______youstillalibrarian?
No,I_______anaccountantnow.
II.用a,an,the或者\填空
1)Thereis______wateronthefloor.
2)Thereis___orangeon____desk.
3)Whatdoyouknowabout_____pandas?
4)Iwanttohave______chickenfordinner.
5)Thereis_______fishinthebow.Look!
Itcanswimveryfast.
6)Thereis_____‘m’in‘climb’andthereis______‘u’in‘country’.
7)Idon’tlike_______broccolibutIlike________apples.
8)Mybrotheris______engineer,andmysisteris_______executivenow.
9)Idon’tlike_______movie.It’sboring.
10)______Jenny’sbirthdayisNov.12th.
11)--Let’sgoandplay______chess.
--Sorry,I’mafraidIcan’t.It’stimeformetoplay______piano.
12)Heusuallyhashis______breakfastat7:
00amandgoesto______schoolat7:
30.
III.选择正确的介词填空
inafteronforatwithtobehindofby
1.Myfamilyoftenbuyclothes_____HuaXingstore_____weekends.
2.Canyouhelpthechildren_____English?
Youmaycome_____ourclub.
3.I’mlooking_____somepresents.Theseshopsmayhavemanykinds_____things_____sale.Saveyourmoneytillthen!
4.Howmanycitiesarethere______Greece?
--Idon’tknow.
5.Look,thebirdsare_____thetree!
6.Whenisherbirthday?
Ican’tremember…It’s_____January.
7.Mr.Greenalwaysgoestowork______bus.Hehastogetup_____6o’clock_____themorning.
8.Comeon!
I’mhungry.Whatdowehave_____dinner?
9.Don’teatandread_____night.Thatisbad_____yourhealth.
10.Comeandsee____yourself____Wendy’sstore!
11.Welive_____London.Howaboutyou?
Wheredoyoucome_____?
12._____Sundaymorning,Iusuallysleeplate_____home.
13.JackisshorterthanSam,butJackissitting_________Sam.
14.Hereisaphoto________yourfamily.
15.Therearen’tmanypeople______thetrain________fiveo’clock______themorning.
IV.写出下列名词的复数形式
1)Cemetery________2)tooth_______3)country______4)month________
5)sandwich_______6)brush_______7)candybar______8)kangaroo______
9)man________10)day_______11)watch_______12)photo________
13)orange________14)dictionary_______15)tomato_______16)dollar_________
17)peach_______18)strawberry______19)church______20)child_________
V.用动词的正确形式填空
1.You______fromIndia.Brian_____fromKorea.AndI_____fromChina.(be)
2.I______ChineseandEnglish.Brian_______German,ChineseandEnglish.(speak)
3.George________fromItalybuthe_______spaghettiverymuch..(come,like)
4.Penguins_______inAnt
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