6六级真题文档格式.docx

6六级真题文档格式.docx

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1.有人说名字或名称很重要

2.也有人觉得名字或名称无关紧要

3.我认为

OntheImportanceofaName

PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

HelicopterMomsvs.Free-RangeKids

Wouldyouletyourfourth-graderridepublictransportationwithoutanadult?

Probablynot.Still,whenLenoreSkenazy,acolumnistfortheNewYorkSun,wroteaboutlettinghersontakethesubwayalonetogetbacktoherManhattanhomefromadepartmentstoreontheUpperEastSide,shedidn’texpecttogethitwithawaveofcriticismfromreaders.

“Longstoryshort:

Mysongothome,overjoyedwithindependence,”SkenazywroteonApril4intheNewYorkSun.“Longstorylonger:

HalfthepeopleI’vetoldthisepisodetonowwanttoturnoninforchildabuse.Asifkeepingkidsunderlockandkeyandcellphoneandcarefulwatchistherightwaytorearkids.It’snot.It’sdebilitating（使虚弱）—forusandforthem.”

OnlinemessageboardsweresoonfullofpeoplebothapplaudingandcondemningSkenazy’sdecisiontolethersongoitalone.ShewoundupdefendingherselfonCNN（accompaniedbyherson）andonpopularblogsliketheBuffingtonPost,whereherfollow-uppiecewasironicallyheadlined“MoreFromAmerica’sWorstMom.”

Theepisodehasignitedanotheroneofthosedebatesthatdividesparentsintovocalopposingcamps.AreModernparentsneedlesslyoverprotective,oristheworldamorecomplicatedanddangerousplacethanitwaswhenpreviousgenerationswereallowedtowanderaboutunsupervised?

Fromthe“she’sanirresponsiblemother”campcame:

“Shameonyouforbeingsocarelessabouthissafety,”inCommentsontheBuffingtonPost.Andtherewasthisfromamotheroffour:

“Howwouldyouhavefeltifhedidn’tcomehome?

”ButSkenazygotalotofsupport,too,withwomenandmenwritinginwithstoriesabouthowtheywereallowedtotaketripsallbythemselvesatsevenoreight.Shealsogotheapsofpraiseforbuckingthe“helicopterparent”trend:

“GoodforthisMom,”onecommenterwroteontheBuffingtonPost.“Thisisamuch-neededrealitycheck.”

Lastweek,encouragedbyalltheattention,Skenazystartedherownblog—FreeRange,kids—promotingtheideathatmodernchildrenneedsomeofthesameindependencethathergenerationhad.Inthegoodolddaysnine-year-oldbabyboomersrodetheirbikestoschool,walkedtothestore,tookbuses—andevensubways—allbythemselves.Herblog,shesays,isdedicatedtosensibleparenting.“AtFreeRangeKids,webelieveinsafekids.Webelieveincarseatsandsafetybelts.WedoNOTbelievethateverytimeschool-agechildrengooutside,theyneedasecurityguard.”

Sowhyaresomeparentssonervousaboutlettingtheirchildrenoutoftheirsight?

Arecitiesandtownslesssafeandkidsmorevulnerabletocrimeslikechildkidnapandsexualabusethantheywereinpreviousgenerations?

Notexactly.NewYorkCity,forinstance,issaferthanit’severbeen;

it’sranked36thincrimeamongallAmericancities.Nationwide,stringerkidnapsareextremelyrare;

there’saone-in-a-millionchanceachildwillbetakenbyastranger,accordingtotheJusticeDepartment.And90percentofsexualabusecasesarecommittedbysomeonethechildknows.Mortalityratesfromallcauses,includingdiseaseandaccidents,forAmericanchildrenarelowernowthantheywere25years’ago.AccordingtoChildTrends,anonprofitresearchgroup,between1980and2003deathratesdroppedby44percentforchildrenaged5to14and32percentforteensaged15to19.

Thenthere’sthewholequestionofwhethermodernparentsaremorewatchfulandnervousaboutsafetythanpreviousgenerations.Yes,someare.PartoftheproblemisthatwithwalltowallInternetandcablenews,everymissingchildcasegetssomuchairtimethatit’snotsurprisingevennormalparentalanxietycanbeamplified.Andmanymiddle-classparentshavegottenusedtomanagingtheirchildren’stimeandshuttlingthemtovariousenrichingactivities,sotheideaoflettingthemoutontheirowncanseemlikearisk.Backin1972,whenmanyoftoday’sparentswerekids,87percentofchildrenwholivedwithinamileofschoolwalkedorbikedeveryday.Buttoday,theCentersforDiseaseControlreportthatonly13percentofchildrenbike,walkorotherwisetthemselvestoschool.

Theextrasupervisionisbothacityandasuburbphenomenon.Parentsareworriedaboutcrime,andtheyareworriedaboutkidsgettingcaughtintrafficinacitythat’snotusedtopedestrians.Ontheotherhand,therearestillplentyofkidswhoseparentsgivethemalotofindependence,bychoiceorbynecessity.TheAfterSchoolAlliancefindsthatmorethan14millionkidsaged5to17areresponsiblefortakingcareofthemselvesafterschool.Only6.5millionkidsparticipateinorganizedprograms.“Manychildrenwhohaveworkingparentshavetotakethesubwayorbustogettoschool.Manydothisbythemselvesbecausetheyhavenootherwaytogettotheschools,”saysDr.RichardGallagher,directoroftheParentingInstituteattheNewYorkUniversityChildStudyCenter.

Forthoseparentswhowonderhowandwhentheyshouldstartallowingtheirkidsmorefreedom,there’snoclear-cutanswer.Childexpertsdiscourageaone-size-fits-allapproachtoparenting.What’srightforSkenazy’snine-year-oldcouldbeinappropriateforanotherone.Italldependsondevelopmentalissue,maturity,andthepsychologicalandemotionalmakeupofthatchild.Severalfactorsmustbetakenintoaccount,saysGallagher.“Theabilitytofollowparentguidelines,thechild’slevelofcomfortinhandlingsuchsituations,andachild’sgeneraljudgmentshouldbeweighed.”

GallagheragreeswithSkenazythatmanynine-year-oldsarereadyforindependenceliketakingpublictransportationalone.“Atcertaintimesoftheday,oncertainroutes,thesubwaysaregenerallysafeforthesechildren,especiallyiftheyhavegrownupinthecityandhavebeentaughthowtobesafe,howtoobtainhelpiftheyareconcernedfortheirsafety,andhowtoavoidunsafesituationsbybeingwatchfulandontheirtoes.”

Butevenwithmoretrafficandfewersidewalks,modernparentsdohaveoneadvantagetheirparentsdidn’t:

thecellphone.Beingabletocheckinwithachildanytimegoesalongwaytowardrelievingparentalanxietyandmayhelpparentsloosentheircontrolalittlesooner.Skenazygotalotofcriticismbecauseshedidn’tgiveherkidhercellphonebecauseshethoughthe’dloseitandwantedhimtolearntogoitalonewithoutdependingonmom—amajorprincipleoffree-rangeparenting.Butmostparentsaremorethanhappytousecellphonestokeeptrackoftheirkids.

Andforthosewholiketheideaoffree-rangekidsbutstillstrugglewiththeirinnerhelicopterparent,theremaybeamiddleway.AnewgenerationofGPScellphoneswithtrackingsoftwaremakeiteasierthanevertofollowachild’severymovementviatheInternet—withoutseemingtointerfereorhover.Ofcourse,whentheygotocollege,theymightstartobjectingtobeingmonitoredasthey’reonparole（假释）.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1.WhenLenoreSkenazy’ssonwasallowedtotakethesubwayalone,he________.

A）wasafraidthathemightgetlost

B）enjoyedhavingtheindependence

C）wasonlytoopleasedtotaketherisk

D）thoughthewasanexceptionalchild

2.LenoreSkenazybelievesthatkeepingkidsundercarefulwatch

A）hinderstheirhealthygrowth

B）addstoomuchtoparents’expenses

C）showstraditionalparentalcaution

D）bucksthelatestparentingtrend

3.Skenazy’sdecisiontolethersontaketheSubwayalonehasnetwith________.

A）oppositionfromherownfamily

B）shareparentingexperience

C）fightagainstchildabuse

D）protectchildren’srights

4.Skenazystartedherownblogto________.

A）promotesensibleparenting

5.Accordingtotheauthor,NewYorkCity________.

A）rankshighinroadaccidents

B）ismuchsafethanbefore

C）rankslowinchildmortalityrates

D）islessdangerousthansmallcities

6.Parentstodayaremorenervousabouttheirkids’safetythanpreviousgenerationsbecause

________.

A）therearenowfewerchildreninthefamily

B）thenumberoftrafficaccidentshasbeenincreasing

C）theirfearisamplifiedbymediaexposureofcrime

D）crimerateshavebeenontheriseovertheyears

7.Accordingtochildexperts,howandwhenkidsmaybeallowedmorefreedomdependson

A）thetraditionsandcustomsofthecommunity

B）thesafetyconditionsoftheirneighborhood

C）theirparents’psychologicalmakeup

D）theirmaturityandpersonalqualities

8.AccordingtoGallagherandSkenazy,childrenwhoarewatchfulwillbebetterabletostayawayfrom________.

9.Beingabletofindoutwhereachildisanytimehelpslessenparents’________.

10.NowadayswiththehelpofGPScellphones,parentscan,fromadistance,tracktheirchildren’s________.

PartIIIListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatsaid.Boththeconversation