英语一真题Word下载.docx

英语一真题Word下载.docx

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[B]when 

[C]that 

[D]why

2.[A]improves 

[B]fades 

[C]recovers 

[D]collapses

3.[A]If 

[B]Unless 

[C]Once 

[D]While

4.[A]uneven 

[B]limited 

[C]damaging 

[D]obscure

5.[A]wellbeing 

[B]environment 

[C]relationship 

[D]outlook

6.[A]turns 

[B]finds 

[C]points 

[D]figures

7.[A]roundabouts 

[B]responses 

[C]workouts 

[D]associations

8.[A]genre 

[B]functions 

[C]circumstances 

[D]criterion

9.[A]channel 

[B]condition 

[C]sequence 

[D]process

10.[A]persist 

[B]believe 

[C]excel 

[D]feature

11.[A]Therefore 

[B]Moreover 

[C]Otherwise 

[D]However

12.[A]accordingto 

[B]regardlessof 

[C]apartfrom 

[D]insteadof

13.[A]back 

[B]further 

[C]aside 

[D]around

14.[A]sharpness 

[B]stability 

[C]framework 

[D]flexibility

15.[A]forces 

[B]reminds 

[C]hurries 

[D]allows

16.[A]hold 

[B]track 

[C]order 

[D]pace

17.[A]to 

[B]with 

[C]for 

[D]on

18.[A]irregularly 

[B]habitually 

[C]constantly 

[D]unusually

19.[A]carry 

[B]put 

[C]build 

[D]take

20.[A]risky 

[B]effective 

[C]idle 

[D]familiar

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,D.MarkyourchoiceonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Inorderto“changelivesforthebetter”andreduce“dependency,”GeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,introducedthe“upfrontworksearch”scheme.OnlyifthejoblessarriveatthejobcentrewithaCVregisterforonlinejobsearch,andstartlookingforworkwilltheybeeligibleforbenefit—andthentheyshouldreportweeklyratherthanfortnightly.Whatcouldbemorereasonable?

Moreapparentreasonablenessfollowed.Therewillnowbeaseven-daywaitforthejobseeker’sallowance.“Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingtosignon.”heclaimed.“We’redoingthesethingsbecauseweknowtheyhelppeoplestayoffbenefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster”Help?

Really?

Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,completewith“reforms”toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,andsubsideslaziness.Whatmotivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor“fundamentalfairness”—protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.

Losingajobishurting:

youdon’tskipdowntothejobcentrewithasonginyourheart,delightedattheprospectofdoublingyourincomefromthegenerousstate.Itisfinanciallyterrifying,psychologicallyembarrassingandyouknowthatsupportisminimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.Youarenownotwanted;

youarenowexcludedfromtheworkenvironmentthatofferspurposeandstructureinyourlife.Worse,thecrucialincometofeedyourselfandyourfamilyandpaythebillshasdisappeared.Askanyonenewlyunemployedwhattheywantandtheanswerisalways:

ajob.

ButinOsborneland,yourfirstinstinctistofallintodependency—permanentdependencyifyoucangetit—supportedbyastateonlytooreadytoindulgeyourfalsehood.Itisasthough20yearsofever-tougherreformsofthejobsearchandbenefitadministrationsystemneverhappened.TheprincipleofBritishwelfareisnolongerthatyoucaninsureyourselfagainsttheriskofunemploymentandreceiveunconditionalpaymentsifthedisasterhappens.Eventheveryphrase“jobseeker’sallowance”isaboutredefiningtheunemployedasa“jobseeker”whohadnofundamentalrighttoabenefitheorshehasearnedthroughmakingnationalinsurancecontributions.Instead,theclaimantreceivesatime-limited“allowance,”conditionalonactivelyseekingajob;

noentitlementandnoinsurance,at￡71.70aweek,oneoftheleastgenerousintheEU.

21.GeorgeOsborne’sschemewasintendedto

[A]providetheunemployedwitheasieraccesstobenefits.

[B]encouragejobseekers’activeengagementinjobseeking.

[C]motivatetheunemployedtoreportvoluntarily.

[D]guaranteejobseekers’legitimaterighttobenefits.

22.Thephrase“tosignon”（Line3,Para.2）mostprobablymeans

[A]tocheckontheavailabilityofjobsatthejobcentre.

[B]toacceptthegovernment’srestrictionontheallowance.

[C]toregisterforanallowanceformthegovernment.

[D]toattendagovernmentjob-trainingprogram.

23.Whatpromptedthechancellortodevelophisscheme?

[A]Adesiretosecureabetterlifeforall

[B]Aneagernesstoprotecttheunemployed.

[C]Anurgetobegeneroustotheclaimants.

[D]Apassiontoensurefairnessfortaxpayers.

24.AccordingtoParagraph3，beingunemployedmakesonefeel

[A]uneasy

[B]enraged

[C]insulted

[D]guilty

25.Towhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

[A]TheBritishwelfaresystemindulgesjobseekers’laziness.

[B]Osborne’sreformswillreducetheriskofunemployment.

[C]Thejobseekers’allowancehasmettheiractualneeds.

[D]Unemploymentbenefitsshouldnotbemadeconditional.

Text2

Allaroundtheworld,lawyersgeneratemorehostilitythanthemembersofanyotherprofession—withthepossibleexceptionofjournalism.ButtherearefewplaceswhereclientshavemoregroundsforcomplaintthanAmerica.

Duringthedecadebeforetheeconomiccrisis,spendingonlegalservicesinAmericagrewtwiceasfastasinflation.Thebestlawyersmadeskyscrapers-fullofmoney,temptingevermorestudentstopileintolawschools.Butmostlawgraduatesnevergetabig-firmjob.Manyoftheminsteadbecomethekindofnuisance-lawsuitfilerthatmakesthetortsystemacostlynightmare.

Therearemanyreasonsforthis.Oneistheexcessivecostsofalegaleducation.ThereisjustonepathforalawyerinmostAmericanstates:

afour-yearundergraduatedegreeatoneof200lawschoolsauthorizedbytheAmericanBarAssociationandanexpensivepreparationforthebarexam.Thisleavestoday’saveragelaw-schoolgraduatewith$100,000ofdebtontopofundergraduatedebts.Law-schooldebtmeansthattheyhavetoworkfearsomelyhard.

Reformingthesystemwouldhelpbothlawyersandtheircustomers.Sensibleideashavebeenaroundforalongtime,butthestate-levelbodiesthatgoverntheprofessionhavebeentooconservativetoimplementthem.Oneideaistoallowpeopletostudylawasanundergraduatedegree.Anotheristoletstudentssitforthebarafteronlytwoyearsoflawschool.Ifthebarexamistrulyasternenoughtestforawould-belawyer,thosewhocansititearliershouldbeallowedtodoso.Studentswhodonotneedtheextratrainingcouldcuttheirdebtmountainbyathird.

Theotherreasonwhycostsaresohighistherestrictiveguild-likeownershipstructureofthebusiness.ExceptintheDistrictofColumbia,non-lawyersmaynotownanyshareofalawfirm.Thiskeepsfeeshighandinnovationslow.Thereispressureforchangefromwithintheprofession,butopponentsofchangeamongtheregulatorsinsistthatkeepingoutsidersoutofalawfirmisolateslawyersfromthepressuretomakemoneyratherthanserveclientsethically.

Infact,allowingnon-lawyerstoownsharesinlawfirmswouldreducecostsandimproveservicestocustomers,byencouraginglawfirmstousetechnologyandtoemployprofessionalmanagerstofocuson