届二轮复习语法专题代词考点解读11页Word格式文档下载.docx
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届二轮复习语法专题代词考点解读11页Word格式文档下载.docx
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人称代词有主格,如I,we,they,he,she等和宾格me,us,them,him,her等之分。
主格在句中通常作主语,宾格在句中作宾语、表语、同位语等成分。
③(2016·
全国卷Ⅰ)Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythreemontholdtwinthathadbeenrejectedbyits(it)mother.
④(2015·
全国卷Ⅰ)Afewhoursbefore,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,withits(it)chokingsmog.
形容词性物主代词通常在句中作定语。
名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,可以作主语、宾语和表语,不能用于名词前。
注意名词性物主代词在比较级中的用法。
⑤(2016·
江西上饶三模)Third,antsthinkaboutsummerallwinter.Duringthewinter,theyremindthemselves,_“Thiswon’tlastlongandwe’llsoonbeoutofhere.”Onthefirstwarmday,theantsareout.
反身代词(如myself,yourself,herself,himself,itself,ourselves,themselves)表示动作的承受者就是动作的执行者,可以在句中作宾语、表语、同位语。
2.it的用法
①(2014·
辽宁高考)Raiseyourlegandletitstayintheairforseconds.
广东高考)Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaiditwasawonderfulholidaydestination.
it可用作人称代词,用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。
③(2015·
浙江高考改编)Howwouldyoulikeit_ifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecameintotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou?
④(2014·
陕西高考改编)I’dappreciate_itifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.
表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后常接it作形式宾语,然后再接真正的宾语(宾语从句),这类动词有enjoy,prefer,love,like,hate,dislike,appreciate等。
⑤(2014·
山东高考改编)Susanmadeitcleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.
it作形式主语或形式宾语代指不定式、动词ing形式、名词性从句。
3.不定代词和替代词的用法
①(2016·
浙江高考改编)Inmanyways,theeducationsystemintheUSisnotverydifferentfrom_thatintheUK.
that/those可用来替代前面出现过的名词。
that替代单数名词或不可数名词,而those替代复数名词或集合名词。
②(2015·
福建高考改编)Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,butneithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions.
both,either,neither都强调两者,可作主语、宾语和定语。
neither表示“两者都不”,either表示“两者中任何一个”,both表示“两者都”。
四川高考改编)Nikiisalwaysfullofideas,butnone_isusefultomyknowledge.
all和none都强调三者或三者以上,all表示“全部都”,而none表示“全部都不”。
福建高考改编)Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whileinothers,_knivesandforks.
another表示“(三者以上中的)另一个,再一个”。
theother意为“(两者中的)另一个”。
other意为“其余的,另外的”。
others泛指其余的人或物。
⑤—Areyougoingtogetyourowncarafterthetest?
—Myparentshavesaidthey’llgetoneforme.
one指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”,其复数形式为ones。
(二)短文改错常考点
我来改正
常设错点(为什么、怎么办)
全国卷Ⅱ)Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.
②(2016·
四川高考)Whenhecameback,Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.
①your→our
②her→his
前后代词指代不一致
代词主要是用来代替其他实义词或上下文意义的,因此代词应与其指代的对象相符。
否则就会出现代词指代错误。
浙江高考)Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.
③them→it
代词数的错用
人称代词、物主代词以及反身代词等都有单复数之分,要根据上下文确定单复数。
④(2013·
陕西高考)Wetookoursfishingpolesandheadedforthelake.
太原市测评)I’vealwaysbeendreamingofhavinganopportunitytotravelinEnglishspeakingcountrieslikeyourtopractiseandimprovemyEnglish.
④ours→our
⑤your→yours
物主代词的错用
(1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,不能单独使用,常用来修饰名词;
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,常单独使用,不能修饰名词。
⑥(2013·
全国卷Ⅰ)Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmalltown,andhewasstrongandpowerful.
⑦(2016·
洛阳高三一模)Firstofall,youshouldrespectyouornoonewouldrespectyou.
⑥himself→him
⑦第二个you→
yourself
反身代词与人称代词的错用
(1)反身代词是指代主语的,使动作的发出者把动作反射到本人身上;
(2)若所用代词与主语不一致,就要用人称代词而不用反身代词。
⑧(2015·
陕西高考)Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.
⑨(2015·
四川高考)It’sbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallycostsmemany.
⑩(2013·
浙江高考)Dadlosthisjob,andasMomexplained,“Hewasluckytofindotherone.”
⑧anything→
Something
⑨many→much
⑩other→another
不定代词的错用
(1)some(thing)与any(thing):
一般来说前者用于肯定句,后者用于疑问句和否定句;
(2)many与much:
many代替可数名词,much代替不可数名词;
(3)theother与another:
表示“两者中的另一个”用theother,而表示“(三者以上)另外的一个”用another。
[代词专练]
1.However,hisfamewasnotaccompaniedbymoneyandhefounditnecessarytoreturntofarming.
2.Ihopemyparentswon’ttrytoforcemetodotheir(they)favoritejob.
3.TheplaneisatpresentatJohnF.KennedyInternationalAirportinNewYork,whereithasbeensurroundedbythepolice.
4.Foronething,itcanprovideacolorfulplatformtoshowtheirtalent.Foranother,_itisausefulwaytoreleasetheirpressure.
5.WhenIwasontheairplane,IkepttellingmyselfthatIhadtobestrongwhenfacinganytroublesorproblems.
6.TheAppleWatchisaverysmallcomputerapersonwearsonhisorherwrist.ItcandomanyofthesamethingsasaniPhone.
7.Sheaskedmy(I)nameandsaidshedidn’trememberme.
8.Yearshavepassed.Now,everytimeIsitdowntowritesomethingnew,IthinkofMrGough.
9.Bothteamswereinhardtraining;
neitherwaswillingtolosethegame.
10.—Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroomnow?
—None.Ihavelockedit.
11.Sayingisonethinganddoingisanother.
12.Whenhecametolife,hefoundhimselflyingontheground,bleedinginthehead.
13.Icanunderstandhowyoufeelnowbecausemyexperienceissimilartoyours(you).
14.Meetingmyfavoritefootballstarfacetofacewasanunforgettablemoment,oneIwillalwaystreasure.
15.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucangivemealifttothestation.
16.Youcannevermeettheneedsofeverycustomer.Somemaypreferlightcolorswhileothersenjoydarkones.
17.Sportshelpus(we)buildupourbody,improveourabilityofbalance,developourenduranceandcooperationsense.
18.Asisknowntousall,MountHuashanisfamousforits(it)breathtakingcliffsanduniquecharacteristics.
19.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,about78.9%ofthecollegestudentswantedtofurthertheir(they)studyaftergraduation.
20.—CanIaskyouafewstraightforwardquestionsaboutyourself?
—Sure.Ilikeitwhenpeopleareopenanddirect.
21.Abridgemadeofsteelisstrongerthanonemadeofwood.
22.TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinShanghaiinwinter.
23.Newtechnologieshavemadeitpossibletoturnoutnewproductsfasterandatalowercost.
24.—Isheleavingtomorrow?
—No.He’llcontinuetostayhereforanotherfourorfivedays.
25.Greekpeopleoftenwearabluenecklacehopingtoprotectthemselvesagainstevils.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillagestoimprovepeople’sreadinglevel.library→libraries
2.SamwaseagertoknoweverythingabouttheUSandaskedmelotsofquestion.question→questions
3.It’soneofthemostbeautifulviewthatI’veeverseeninChina.view→views
4.Policesaidthemanwasdangertothepublic.danger前加a
5.Ifyougototheparty,itispolitetoarriveontime.Itisgoodmannerstoshakehandwithyourhost.hand→hands
6.Itisgreathonourformetotakepartinthevolunteerwork,andIlearnthesignificanceofhelpingothers.is后加a
7.Youshouldfollowthedoctor’sadvicesandgiveupsmoking.advices→advice
8.AfterdinnerhegaveMr.Richardsontheridetotheairport.第一个the→a
9.Allthestudentsinourclassmadeaprogressbystudyingharderthisterm.去掉a
10.Itisnotrarein1990sthatpeopleintheirfiftiesaregoingtouniversityforfurthereducation.1990s前加the
11.Chinaisaworld’ssecondlargesteconomyandhasabundantexperienceineconomicdevelopment.a→the
12.Afterabouthalfahour,therainstoppedandIwenthome.a→an
13.Hereisaverypersonwearelookingfor,onewithagoodknowledgeofGerman.第一个a→the
14.First,wecangotoQingdao,whereitiscoolandmild,andhavefunsattheseaside.funs→fun
15.WhenIwenttoseehim,hewasoutofdangersbutstilllookedpale.dangers→danger
16.NowI’dliketotellyouaimpressivestorythathappenedonthefirstdayofmyteachingcareer.a→an
17.Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.famous前加a
18.Thereareshopsonallsidesofthestreet.all→both
19.Iwouldappreciateyouifyoucometomygrandma’sbirthdaypartyandsay“Hello”toher.第一个you→it
20.Therearemanydifficultiesandproblemsthatwecan’tovercomewithonlytheirownefforts.their→our
21.About36%ofthemarefondofsurfingtheInternet,whichhelpshimknowaboutthelatestnewsandcurrentaffairsintheworld.him→them
22.Bothmyparentsmissyoualot.Sodoesourfriend,Cathy.Whenyoucome,youcanstaywithourselves.ourselves→us
23.Whatseemstobeagoodthingtoonepersonmaybeabadthingtoother.other→another
24.Whereverheis,hemakeshimselfaruletogivehismotheracalleveryday.himself→it
25.Yesterdayafternoon,IpaidvisittoMr.Johnson.Iwaseagertoseehim,butoutsidehisroomIstopped.paid后加a
26.Weallknowthatthemanisthemostdevelopedanimalintheworld.去掉第一个the
27.ThereIsawaguitarplayerplayingguitar,whichIreallyenjoyed.第二个guitar前加the
28.Finally,Ishouldbeabletotellvisitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshowthemtheirgreatachievements.their→our
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