高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目及答案文档格式.docx
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高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目及答案文档格式.docx
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tevenknowwe'
reverysaduntilwecry.Welearnaboutouremotionsthroughcrying,andthenwecandealwiththem.
Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying-holdingbacktearsofanger,painorsuffering-canbebadforphysicalhealth,Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblem,doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecrying,don'
tfightit.It'
sanatural–andhealthy-emotionalresponse.
(1)Whydidn'
ttheauthorcrywhenhergrandmotherdied?
A.
Theauthordoesn'
tgivetheexplanation.
B.
Becauseshedidnotlovehergrandmother.
C.
Becauseshewastooshytocryatthattime.
D.
Becauseherfatherdidnotwanthertofeeltoosad.
(2)Itcaninferredfromthetextthat______.
therearetwowaystokeepmentalhealth
cryingdoesmoregoodtohealththanlaughing
cryingandlaughingplaythesamejobs
emotionalhealthhasacloserelationshiptophysicalhealth
(3)Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
Cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers.
Fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems.
Wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry.
Wemustcryifwewanttoreducepressure.
(4)Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?
PowerofTears
HowtoKeepHealthy
WhyWeCry
ANewScientificDiscovery
【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
(3)B
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍哭对我们健康有益的几个方面。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“WhenIwassmallandmygrandmotherdied,Icouldn'
tunderstandwhyIhadnotears.Butthatnightwhenmydadtriedtocheermeup,mylaughturnedintocrying.”当我小的时候,我的祖母去世了,我不明白为什么我没有眼泪。
但那天晚上,当我爸爸试图让我高兴起来时,我的笑变成了哭。
”可以得知作者并没有提到没有哭的原因,故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Whateverittakesforustoreducepressureisimportanttoouremotionalhealth,andcryingseemstoworkwell.Onestudyfoundthat85percentofwomenand73percentofmenreportfeelingbetteraftercrying.”无论采取什么方法来减轻压力,对我们的情绪健康都很重要,而哭泣似乎很有效。
一项研究发现,85%的女性和73%的男性表示哭泣后感觉更好。
从文章可知情感健康与身体健康密切相关。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying-holdingbacktearsofanger,painorsuffering-canbebadforphysicalhealth,Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.”正如哭泣是健康的,不哭泣——抑制愤怒、痛苦或苦难的泪水——可能对身体健康有害,研究表明,过度控制情绪可能导致高血压、心脏病和其他一些疾病。
可知B是明显正确的。
故选B。
(4)考查主旨大意。
纵观全文可知,本文介绍了哭的力量和作用,并且介绍了哭对我们健康有益的几个方面,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇健康类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.(2019•江苏)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?
Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?
Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople'
sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.
ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"
yesterday"
thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"
post-industrialsociety"
hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造业)withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.
Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe"
digitaldivide"
betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.ThishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'
slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.
Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina"
borderlessworld"
.Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.
Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.
(1)Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto________.
alackofconfidenceintechnology
aslowprogressintechnology
aconflictofpublicopinions
awasteoflimitedresources
(2)TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould________.
takepeople'
sessentialneedsintoaccount
maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeople
ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport
providemoreaffordableinternetfacilities
(3)Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?
Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.
Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.
Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.
Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.
(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.
Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.
Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.
Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,介绍了对信息技术的过分迷恋对国家,对个人,对慈善事业都会有不利的影响。
(1)细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“However,theyhavereakimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.”可知,对信息技术的错误判断会导致有限资源的错误使用,也就是资源的浪费,故选D。
(2)推理判断题。
根据第四段中的“Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'
slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.”可知,与其给那些贫困地区孩子笔记本电脑或者建网络中心,还不如给钱打井,铺电网或者生产他们买得起的洗衣机,这些东西更能改善他们的生活。
作者不是说这些东西一定更重要,但是很多捐赠者没有仔细考虑捐赠的东西的长期成本,因此作者建议捐赠者要考虑接受捐赠的人的实际情况,而不是一味地追求信息化,故选A。
(3)推理判断题。
根据第五段“Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina"
.以及Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.”可知,对新东西的迷恋让人们认为如今通讯技术和交通的变革让我们生活在一个无国界的世界。
正是认为我们生活在这样一个世界,很多政府取消了关于跨国界的资本、劳动力以及商品流动的法律法规,故选B。
(4)推理判断题。
根据第三段“ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"
hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造业)withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.”可知,对互联网呈现的通讯技术变革的迷恋让很多富裕国家做出一个错误的结论,制造产品已经过时了,他们应该靠创意生活,因而忽略了制造业,从而对经济造成不利影响,故可知,传统的技术依然有它的地位,不能被新兴的信息技术取代,故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Ifconditionsgetbadenough,almostanykindofweathercanbecomeastorm.
Stormyweathercancausepeopletocanceltheirplans.Itcancausemajoreventstobepostponed.Andseverestormyweathercanbedangeroustopeople,fortuneandanima1.
Ifyouweatherthestorm,orrideoutthestorm,yousurviveandmoveonwithoutharmorinjury.Forexample,1et'
stalkaboutTornadoAlley,thenameforpartofthecentralUnitedStates.Duringspringtime,this
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