高一化学题练习新课标高一必修2化学方程式总汇文库Word文档下载推荐.docx

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P14

5,NaandCl2,reaction（ignite）:

P19

6.Theformationofsodiumchloridebyelectronicmeans:

P20

Theformationofchlorinemoleculesinelectronicform:

Theprocessofformationofhydrogenchlorideisrepresentedbyelectron:

Thefollowingmoleculesarerepresentedelectronically:

H2,N2,H2O

CO2CH4P21

Thesecondchapterischemicalreactionandenergy

1,Ba（OH）2,8H2OandNH4ClreactionP30

2.Principleofgalvaniccell

Typicalgalvaniccell（Zn-Cugalvaniccell）

Negativeelectrode（zinc）:

（oxidationreaction）

Positiveelectrode（copper）:

（reductionreaction）

Directionofelectronflow:

flowofzincthroughexternalcircuittocopper.

Totalreactionionequation:

P36

3andH2O2decomposeundertheactionofcatalyst:

P42

4,Na2SO4reactedwithCaCl2:

P45

5blastfurnaceironmaking:

P45

Thirdchapterorganiccompound

1.Themainchemicalpropertiesofmethane

（1）oxidationreaction（reactionwithO2）:

P53

（2）substitutionreaction（reactionwithCl2underillumination）producesfourdifferentsubstitutes:

P54

2

3

4.

2.Themainchemicalpropertiesofethylene

P60

（2）additionreaction（（inresponsetoBr2）:

（3）ethylenecanalsoreactwithhydrogen,hydrogenchloride,waterandsoon.P60

（4）polymerization:

（polyethylenemadefromethylene）

Vinylchloride（polyvinylchloride）

3.Themainchemicalpropertiesofbenzene:

P62

（2）substitutionreaction

ReactionswithBr2:

Benzeneandnitricacid（representedbyHONO2）undergosubstitutionreactionstoproducecolorless,water-insoluble,oilyliquidwithabitteralmondodoranddensitygreaterthanwater-nitrobenzene.Responseequation:

（3）additionreaction

Hydrogenationofbenzenetohydrogenwasmadewithnickelascatalyst:

4.Importantchemicalpropertiesofethanol

（1）thereactionofethanolwithmetalsodium:

P67

（2）oxidationofethanol

Ethanolcombustion,P67

CatalyticoxidationofethanolP68

Oxidationofethanolatroomtemperature

CH3CH2OHCH3COOH

5.Theimportantchemicalpropertiesofaceticacid

（1）theacidityofaceticacid

Theaceticacidcanmakethepurplelitmusred

Aceticacidcanreactwithcarbonatestoformcarbondioxidegas

Usingaceticacid,aceticacidcanbeusedtoremovescale（mainlyCaCO3）:

P68

Aceticacidcanalsoreactwithsodiumcarbonateandformcarbondioxidegas:

Theabovetworeactionscanprovethattheacidityofaceticacidisstrongerthanthatofcarbonicacid.

（2）esterificationofaceticacid

Principleofreaction（reactionwithethanol）:

P69

Aceticacid,themainproductofethanol,isacolorless,aromatic,dense,waterinsoluble,oilyliquidthanwater.

6.Sucrosehydrolysisreaction:

P73

Hydrolysisofstarch（cellulose）:

TheimportantchemicalpropertyofoilhydrolysisreactionP73

（a）hydrolysisofoilsunderacidicconditions

Grease+H2Oglycerin+

（b）hydrolysisofoilsunderalkalineconditions（alsocalledreactions）

Protein+H2Ovaries

Thefourthchapter,chemistryandsustainabledevelopment

1,2HgO:

P80P81thermaldecomposition

Ag2Odecompositionbyheating:

2,COrestoreFe2O3

CreductionofZnO

CreductionofMgO

O2reductionofCu2S

AlreductionofFe2O3（thermitreaction）

FerestoreCuSO4:

3.ElectrolysisNaCl:

ElectrolyticNaOH:

ElectrolysisMgCl2

ElectrolysisAl2O3

4,catalyticcrackingofpetroleum,suchas:

C4H10cracking,ethyleneandethane:

P87

[referenceanswer]

1,4Li+O2,2Li2,O

2Na+O2Na2O2

=2Na+2H2O===2NaOH+H2

=2K+2H2O===2KOH+H2

2,halogenelementsreactwithhydrogen

F2+H2=2HF

Cl2+H2=2HCl

Br2+H2=2Br

I2+H2=2HI

（1）Cl2canbeswappedoutofBr2（orI2）frombromide（oriodide）:

Cl2+2NaBr=Br2+2NaCl

II.Cl2+2KI=I2+2KCl

（2）Br2candisplaceI2fromiodide:

Br2+2KI=I2+2KBr

4,Mg+2H2O=Mg（OH）:

+H2=2

=2Al+6HCl===2AlCl3+3H2

Mg+2HCl=H2=MgCl2+

5,

Theformationofsodiumchloride:

slightly

Theformationofchlorinemolecules:

Theprocessofhydrogenchlorideformation:

Thefollowingelementsarerepresentedelectronically

1,Ba（OH）2-8H2O+2NH4Cl==BaCl2+2NH3=+10H2O

NaOH+HCl==NaCl+H2O

（1）concept:

galvaniccellisadevicethatconvertschemicalenergyintoelectricalenergy

（2）typicalgalvaniccell（Zn-Cugalvaniccell）

Zn-2e-=Zn2+（oxidationreaction）

Positiveelectrode（Cu）:

2H++2e-=H2=（reduction）

Thetotalionreactionequation:

Zn+2H+=Zn2++H2=

3,up2H2O2=2H2O+O2

4,Na2SO4+CaCl2=CaSO4:

+Na2CO3

5,2C+O2=2CO

Fe2O3+3CO,==2Fe+3CO2

（1）oxidationreaction

CH4（g）,+2O2（g）,CO2（g）,+2H2O（L）

（1）oxidationreaction:

C2H4+3O2,2CO2+2H2O;

（2）additionreaction

Ethylenecanalsoreactwithhydrogen,hydrogenchloride,waterandsoon.

CH2=CH2+H2CH3CH3

CH2=CH2+HClCH3CH2Cl（ethylchloride）

CH2=CH2+H2OCH3CH2OH（ethanol）

（3）polymerization:

3.Themainchemicalpropertiesofbenzene

（1）oxidationreaction,2C6H6+15O2,12CO2+6H2O;

+Br2+HBr

Benzeneandnitricacid（representedbyHONO2）undergosubstitutionreactionstoproducecolorless,water-insoluble,oilyliquidwithabitteralmondodoranddensitygreaterthanwater-nitrobenzene.

+HONO2+H2O

Withnickelascatalyst,benzeneisreactedwithhydrogentoformcyclohexane.

+3H2

（1）thereactionbetweenethanolandsodiummetal

=2CH3CH2OH+2Na2CH3CH2ONa+H2

Ethanolcombustion

CH3CH2OH+3O22CO2+3H2O

Catalyticoxidationofethanol

2CH3CH2OH+O22CH3CHO+2H2O

acetaldehyde

（3）theacidityofaceticacid

2CH3COOH+CaCO3（CH3COO）=2Ca+H2O+CO2

=2CH3COOH+Na2CO32CH3COONa+H2O+CO2

（4）esterificationofaceticacid

Principleofreaction

6,C12H22O11+H2O=C6H12O6+C6H12O6

Theimportantchemicalpropertyofoil--hydrolysisreaction

（1）hydrolysisofoilunderacidicconditions

Grease+H2Oglycerin+higherfattyacid

（2）hydrolysisofoilunderalkalineconditions（alsocalledsaponification）

Protein+H2O,variousaminoacids

slightly

One

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