高考整理 八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解专题5 时事新闻类附答案.docx
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高考整理 八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解专题5 时事新闻类附答案.docx
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高考整理八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解专题5时事新闻类附答案
第一部分阅读理解
考点5时事新闻类
1.(2017江苏)
Anewcommoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust(反垄断)regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsaresbeingraisedbythegiants(巨头)thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable.
Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime.Thegiants’successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery.Farfromchargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree(userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata).Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewcomerscanmakewaves,too.
Butthereiscauseforconcern.Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-presentandfarmorevaluable,changingthenatureofdataandcompetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:
translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtoothercompanies.Internetcompanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’seyeview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.
Thisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessuseful.BreakingupfirmslikeGoogleintofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:
intime,oneofthemwouldbecomegreatagain.Arethinkisrequired—andasanewapproachstartstobecomeapparent,twoideasstandout.
Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger(兼并),forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms’dataassets(资产)whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatanestablishedcompanyisbuyinganew-bornthreat.Whenthistakesplace,especiallywhenanew-borncompanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.
Thesecondprincipleistoloosenthecontrolthatprovidersofon-lineserviceshaveoverdataandgivemoretothosewhosupplythem.Companiescouldbeforcedtoconsumerswhatinformationtheyholdandhowmanymoneytheymakeformit.Govemmentscouldorderthesharingofcertainkindsofdata,withusers’consent.
RestartingantitrustfortheinformationagewillnotbeeasyButifgovemmentsdon’twantsadataoconomybyafewgiants,theymustactsoon.
61.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants?
A.Theyhavecontrolledthedatamarket
B.Theycollectenormousprivatedata
C.Theynolongerprovidefreeservices
D.Theydismissedsomenew-borngiants
62.WhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate?
A.Datagiants’technologyisveryexpensive
B.Google’sideaispopularamongdatafirms
C.Datacanstrengthengiants’controllingposition
D.Datacanbeturnedintonewservicesorproducts
63.Bypayingattentiontofirms’dataassets,antitrustregulatorscould.
A.killanewthreatB.avoidthesizetrap
C.favourbiggerfirmsD.chargehigherprices
64.Whatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants’controlofdata?
A.Bigcompaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure.
B.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure.
C.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy.
D.Smallcompaniescouldgetmoreopportunities.
2.(2016北京)
SurvivingHurricaneSandy(飓风桑迪)
NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach,Nataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavefromherhouse.“It’stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial,”shesays.
OnOctober29,2012,thatoceanturnedfierce.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.Fortunately,Natalie’sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity’sbridgeclosed.
WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie’sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie’sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.
Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.
“MymomtellsmethatIcan’tcontrolwhathappenstome,”Nataliesays.“butIcanalwayschoosehowIdealwithit.”
Natalie’schoicewastohelp.
Shecreatedawebsitepagema
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