动词与动词时态Word下载.docx
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动词与动词时态Word下载.docx
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2.系动词
系动词有一定的词义,但不完整,必须和作表语的形容词、名词、介词短语、副词及非谓语动词一起连用。
如以上3、4小题。
系动词分为两类:
一类表示状态或存在,如:
be,remain,seem,appear,keep,look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,stay,lie,stand,sit等。
另一类表示状态变化,如:
go,come,turn,get,become,fall等。
3.助动词
顾名思义助动词是用来帮助动词表现语法现象,如:
否定、疑问、时态、语态的。
如一般现在时的助动词是do,does;
一般过去时为did。
二.动词时态
(一)什么是时态?
英语中不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态用不同的动词形式来表达;
不同的方式如正在进行、已经完成也用不同的形式来体现,这便是时态。
常用的时态见下表:
时间
方式
过去
现在
将来
一般
一般过去式
一般现在时
一般将来时
进行
过去进行时
现在进行时
将来进行时
完成
过去完成时
现在完成时
将来完成时
一般类
IpractisespeakingEnglishhalfanhoureveryday.
IpractisdspeakingEnghishhalfanhouryesterday.
IwillpracticespeakingEnglishhalfanhourtomorrow.
一般类指动作既不正在进行又不涉及完成与否的一种广泛意义上的方式。
进行类
Listen!
someoneiscallingyourname.
IwashavinganEnglishclassat9:
00yesterdaymorning.
IwillbetravelingonthetraintoBeijingatthistimetomorrow.
进行表示此时此刻、过去某时、将来某时正在进行的动作。
完成类
Shehasfinishedallherhomeworkalready.
HehadlearnedsomeEnglishbeforehewenttoEngland.
Theworkerswillhavecompletedthenewbridgebytheendofthisyear.
完成表示到现在、过去某时、将来某时为止已经完成的动作。
(二)怎样确定时态?
1.看时间状语,不同的时态有不同的时间状语,见下表:
时间状语
often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday,inthemorning,nowadays
一般过去时
yesterday,lastweek,twodqysago,in1990,theotherday,justnow,untilrecently
一般将来
tomorrow,nextweek,infiveminutes
now,atthistime,atthismoment
thistimeyesterday,at8o’clockyesterdaymorning,when从句
thistimetomorrow,at8o’clocktomorrowmorning
already,yet,just,ever,never,before,thesedays,inthepast/lasttenyears,since…,for…
bytheendoflastmonth,when从句
bytheendofnextmonth,when从句
例:
Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool
(send)aroundtostudymedicinelastyear.
从lastyear得知weresent。
2.看上下文,尤其看上下文中的谓语动词的时态形式。
例1:
He
(learn)morethan5,000Englishwordswhenheenteredtheuniversityattheageof15?
例2:
—Hurryup!
AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.
—Oh!
Ithought
they
(go)withoutme.
例1从句中entered暗示用hadlearnt,例2答语中thought暗示用hadgone。
3.研读语境,译成地道的符合逻辑的汉语。
例1.Scientiststhinkthatthecontinents
(benot)alwayswherethey
(be)today.
例2.Whentheoldman
(start)towalkbacktohishouse,thesun
(hide)itselfbehindthemountain.
例1.科学家认为这些大陆板块过去并不总是在它们今天的位置上。
(答案weren’t;
are)
例2.当老人往回走时,太阳已下山了。
(答案started;
hadalreadyhidden)
(三)基础训练
1.I
(go)toschoolat7:
ooeverymorning.
2.I
(write)twoletterslastnight.
3.I
(like)reading,butmysister
(like)writing.
4.Myfatherusually
(take)awalkaftersupper,buttodayhe
(mend)hisbicyclenow.
5.Thesun
(rise)intheeast.
6.Practice
(make)perfect.
7.Weoften
(play)togetherwhenwewerechildren.
8.Mybrotherfellwhilehe
(ride)hisbicycleandhurthimsely
9.I
(see)ithappenwhenI
(walk)past.
10.He
(live)hereforthreemonthswhenImethim.
11.BythetimeIgothere,mostofthevisitors
(arrive)
12.Thefatherwasveryangrytoseewhathisson
(do)
13.Hepromisedthathe
(help)mewithmymaths.
14.Computers
(use)verywidelyintheworldnow.
15.Anotherbridge
(build)overtheriverandit
(come)intouseattheendofthisyear.
(四)能力训练(高考真题)
1.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar
(break)downneararemotevillage.
2.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheirnaturalcourse.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften
(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.
3.Peoplestepedonyourfeelor
(push)youwiththeirelbows,hurrying,aheadtogettoabargain.Hermotherwasexcited“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoding,”Jane
(inform)
4.Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelderwhohadbeenhisteacher.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman
(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiledwarmly,andthandedhisstudenverymuchforthesweetwater.
5.IgotonthebusandfoundaseatnearthebackandthenInoticedamansittingatthefront.He
(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.
(五)动词填空根据短文的意思,用括号内动词的正确形式填入空格
(一)
Andersonworkedatasmallcollege.Oneafternoon,he1.Andersonworkedatasmallcollege.oneaftermoon,he1.
(tell)togotothestationtomeetahistoryprofessornamedJ.Maurice,who2.
(give)lecturesinhiscollageAnderson3.
(never,meet)aprofessorcomingfromauniversitysofaraway.
WhenAnderson4.
(look)atthestationclockitwastentotwo.Thetrainwasalreadytwentyminrteslate.Walkingupanddowntheplatform,he5.
(become)moreandmoreimpatient.Thetraincameatlast,justwhenAnderson6.
(decide)toleavethestaation.Onlytwopeople7.
(get)out-anoldfarmerwithhisdog,andayoungwoman.AndersonsaidtohimselfthatobviouslyProfessorJ.Maurice8.
(miss)thetrainJustashe9.
(leave)thestation,simeonestoppedhim.He10.
(surprise)toseetheyoungwomanwho11.
(jestget)offthetrain.
“AreyouMrAnderson?
”sheasked.
“Why,yes,”heanswered.
“I’mJaneMaurice,professorJaneMaurice.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.Iwastoldyou12
(be)heretomeetme.”
(二)
Theclock1.
(juststrike)elevenwhenIheardanoisecomingfromthelift(电梯).Iopenedthedoorofmyroomandlistened;
someone2.
(beat)againstthedoorofthelifeand3.
(call)outatthesametime.What’swrong?
”Ishouted.“Thedoor4.
(stick),itseems,andIcannotgetout,”theanswercameback.Thevoice,which5.
(sound)likethatofagirl,camefromseveralfloorsbelow.
AftertellingthegirlthatI6.
(help),Iwentbackintotheroomtogetsometoolsandmywifewentofftocallthepolice.ThenI7.
(hurry)downthestairsuntilIreachedtheplace.
Itriedmyhandatforcingopenthelifedoor,8.
(talk)allthewhiletothegirlwho9.
(trap)inside,butmytoolswerenouseforthispurpose.Verysoon,however,mywitereturnedandsaidthatthepolice10.
(promise)tosendanengineer.
ShortlyafterwardstheengineerturnedupwithtwopolicemenIt11.
(take)theengineeronlyashortwhiletogetthedooropen.Wewaitedanxiously.12
(be)thegirlallright?
“I’mhurry,”shesaidingoodspiritsasshesteppedout.
(三)
Welcometoourschool.I’dliketointroduceyouplansforourschool.Alotofwork
1
(do)inthepastfewyears.Thelibrary
2
(complete)andisreadyforuse.Butwestillhavetodomorework.Anewbiologylab3
(build)thisyear.Butwedon’thaveenoughmoneyfortheepuipment.Studentsinallgrades
4
(collect)money.Themoneywhichiscollected
5
(spend)onnewequipment.Atpresent,aplan6(make)forapartyattheendoftheterm,atwhichwonderfulperformances
7
(put)on.
Thegardensoftheschool
8
(improve)thisyearNewtrees
9
(plant)whichwillsoongiveshadeinsummer.Thewholeschool10
(paint)duringthesummerholidays.Infact,ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.
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