非谓语动词作主宾表定状补文档格式.docx
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非谓语动词作主宾表定状补文档格式.docx
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find/think/considerit+adj.+todo
③Wethoughtitbettertostartearly.
④Ifindithardtoworkwithhim.
表示将来的打算或目的。
①Hiswishistobuyacarinthenearfuture.
他的愿望是在不久的将来买辆车。
②Thenextstepistomakesureofthetime.
下一步是把时间弄清楚。
--ing形式(doing)
notdoing
表示经常性的抽象的行为。
①Swimmingisabestsportinsummer.
②Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass(指南针).
{说明}在下列句型中唱常用it作形式主语。
Itisnousedoingsth.
Itisnogooddoingsth.
Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.
常跟在介词,某些动词或动词短语后作宾语。
如:
miss/avoid/finish/
practice/enjoy/suggest/permit/imagine/can’thelp/giveup/lookforwardto/spendtime(in)doingsth/havedifficulty(in)doingsth等
①You’dbetteravoidmeetinghim.
②Heispractisingplayingthepiano.
1)表示主语的特点“令人……的”
①Thebookisinteresting.
②Thenewsisexciting.
2)表示主语的具体内容。
③Hisjobisdeliveringnewspapers.
④WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.
过去分词(done)
×
表示主语所处的状态“…的”
①Thedoorremainedlocked.
②Heseemedquitepleasedattheidea.
语法填空
1.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand___________(correct)them.
2.ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfrom______________(attack)intheSouthChinaSea.
3.We’vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds_____________(do)toachievethefinalsuccess.
4.Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare,therearetimeswhenit’sbetter_____________(remain)silent.
5.Ladexdoesn’tfeellike__(study)abroad.Herparentsareold.
6.Billsuggested_____(hold)ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.
7.Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultywehad______(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.
8.Ican’tstand____________(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses__________(stop)talkingwhilesheworks.
9.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.__________(have)theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.
10.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk________(lose)thegoodopportunity.
11.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains______________(see)whethertheywillenjoyit.
12._____________(expose)tosunlightfortoomuchwilldoharmtoone’sskin.
13.Itiscompletelyuntrue________(say),assomepeopledo,thatmoderneducationisnothing.
非谓语动词(作定语)
非谓语动词
作定语时所表达的含义
不定式(todo)
被动:
tobedone
①表将来的动作(将来的被动动作用tobedone)
Thebridgetobebuiltnextyearwilljointhetwotowns.
Ihavealotofworktodo.
②当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时用不定式作定语
Hewasthefirsttogettothestation.
③固定搭配,如theabilitytodo,thewaytodo等
--ing分词(doing)
beingdone
①表示中心词的用途
Thewashingmachineneedstoberepaired.
②表示中心词的特点“令人……的”
Thisisamovingstory.
③表示主动或正在进行的动作。
(若表示被动的动作正在进行,用beingdone)
Theproblembeingdiscussedatthemeetingisveryimportant.
Whoistheboystandingbythewindow?
①表示中心词所处的状态“……的”
Theexcitedpeoplerushedintothebuilding.激动的人们冲进大楼。
②表示一个被动的动作。
Themeetingheldyesterdaywassuccessful.
1.We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision______________(make)atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.
2.Aftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope____________(provide).
3.Thenextthinghesawwassmoke(rise)frombehindthehouse.
4.Theisland,___(join)tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.
5.Lookoverthere—there’saverylong,windingpath___(lead)uptothehouse.
6.Theability_____(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.
7.Ihavealotofreadings_______________(complete)beforetheendofthisterm.
8.Agreatnumberofstudents(question)saidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.
9.Withthegovernment’said,those___________(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.
10---Canthose(seat)atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?
---Noproblem.
非谓语动词(作宾语补足语,状语)
(一)非谓语动词作宾语补足语
不定式、现在分词和过去分词通常用在下列句型中作宾语补足语
1)感官动词see/watch/notice/observe/lookat/listento/hear/feel/find+宾语+doing/done/do
(doing表示动作在进行;
done表示被动或状态;
do表示动作全过程)
注:
find后一般不加do
①Weheardhimsingingwhenwecamein.
②Isawherenterthebuilding.
③Ifoundhimbeatenblackandblue.
2)使役动词have+宾语+doing/done/do(doing表动作在进行;
done表被动;
do表将来的动作)
①Shehadheraudiencelisteningcarefully.
②I’llhavemybikerepairedtomorrow.
③I’llhaveTomshowyouaroundthecity.
3)使役动词get+宾语+doing/done/todo(doing表动作在进行;
todo表将来的动作)
①Shegotheraudiencelisteningcarefully.
②I’llgetmybikerepairedtomorrow.
③I’llgetTomtoshowyouaroundthecity.
4)with+宾语+doing/done/todo(doing表动作在进行;
①Withallthisworktodo,Idon’tknowifI’llhavetimetogoout.
②InpartofAsiayoumustnotsitwithyourfeetpointingatanotherperson.
③Withtheproblemsolved,thequalityofproducthasbeenimproved.
5)使役动词make+宾语+done/do(done表被动或状态;
do表主动)
①Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.
②Heraisedhisvoicetomakeallofushearhim.
③Iwonderwhatmadehimworried.
6)使役动词keep/leave+宾语+doing/done(doing表动作在进行;
done表被动或状态)
①I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingformeforsolong.
②Whatshehastoldusleftusthinkingalot.
7)有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语补足语,常见的动词有:
ask/tell/force/allow/wish/persuade/encourage/remind/permit/warn/expect等
①Heaskedmetoleaveatonce.
②Hiswifepersuadedhimtoloseweight.
1.Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschool_____________(speak)tothenewstudents.
2.Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersuperintheparkwiththeirpetdog_____________(follow)them.
3.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself__(remind)ofhisowndreams.
4.Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumorandalwayskeepshercolleagues___(amuse)withherstories.
5.Alexandertriedtogethiswork______________(recognize)inthemedicalcircles.
6.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork__________(finish),hegladlyacceptedit.
7.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish__________(improve)inashortperiod.
8.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem___________(interest)inhislectures.
(二)非谓语动词作状语
非谓语
动词
作状语时所表达的含义
动词不定式
1)表目的。
Thewholefamilywenttothebeachtospendtheirweekend.
2)表结果。
①Atthattime,shewastooyoungtounderstandthis.
②Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.(强调出乎意料的结果)
③Themanishardtodealwith.
这个人很难对付。
3)表产生某种情绪的原因。
常用于句型“sbbe+表情感的形容词+不定式”
(注意:
在这一结构中的不定式有时态和语态的变化:
①如果某种情绪与不定式的动作同时发生,就用不定式的一般式todo/tobedone;
②若强调不定式的动作发生在某种情绪之前,就用不定式的完成式tohavedone/tohavebeendone)
①Allofuswereshockedtohearthenews.
②Goodbye,Mrs.Green.Iwasverypleasedtohavebeeninvitedtotheparty.
--ing分词
Doing
有时态和语态变化
--ing分词作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子,作时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随或让步状语;
也可作结果状语,表示一种顺其自然的结果。
1)doing:
表示与谓语动词同时发生的主动动作。
①Hewaswalkingalongthestreet,lookingthiswayandthat.(伴随状语)
②Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.(原因状语)
③Talkingandlaughing,thestudentslefttheclassroom.(伴随状语)
④Seeingfromthetopofthehill,youwillfindtheparkismorebeautiful.(条件状语)
⑤Hearingthenews,theyjumpedupanddownwithgreatjoy.(时间状语)
⑥Thefirelastednearlyamonth,leavingnothingvaluable.(结果状语)
2)havingdone表示发生在谓语动词之前的主动动作;
havingbeendone表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作。
①HavinglivedinLondonforyears,Ialmostknoweveryplacequitewell.(原因状语)
②Havingbeenshownaroundthelab,wewerethentakentothedinningroom.(时间状语)
过去
分词
done
过去分词可以作时间、原因、条件、伴随或让步状语,与主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系(即被动关系)或者表示主语所处的状态。
①Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.(条件状语)
②Askedwhyhedidit,themonitorsaiditwashisduty.(时间状语)
③Thewomanscientistenteredthelab,followedbyherassistants.(伴随状语)
④Tiredwiththejourney,hesoonfellasleep.(原因状语)
⑤Hesatthere,lostinthought.(伴随状语)
1.Tonylentmethemoney,______(hope)thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.
2.Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather____________(permit).
3._______(use)withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.
4._______(stand)inalongqueue,wewaitedforthestoretoopentobuyaNewiPad.
5.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only_______(tell)thathiswifehadlefthim.
6.______(translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.
7.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,(cause)seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.
8.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank__________(buy)presentsformydad.
9.Wewereastonished_______(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.
10._______(tire)andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.
11.________(show)aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.
12._________(face)withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.
13.___________(dress)inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.
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- 关 键 词:
- 谓语 动词 主宾 表定状补