商务英语高级BEC阅读翻译强化模拟题三Word文件下载.docx
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商务英语高级BEC阅读翻译强化模拟题三Word文件下载.docx
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商务英语高级商务英语高级BEC阅读翻译强化模拟题三阅读翻译强化模拟题三2019年商务英语高级(BEC)阅读翻译强化模拟题(三)Directions:
@#@Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;@#@N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;@#@NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.TypesofClimateClimateisthecombinationoftemperature,moisture,wind,andsunshineataplaceoveraperiodofmanyyears.Weatherismadeupofatmosphericconditionsduringafewhoursordays.Theweathermayberainyonacertainday.Butthatplacemayusuallyhaveawarm,dry,sunnyclimate.Welearnabouttheclimateofaplacebystudyingitstemperature,moisture,wind,andsunshinefromseasontoseasonandyeartoyear.Temperatureandtheamountofrainfallarethetwomostimportantelementsofclimate.Othersarehumidity(airmoisture),cloudiness,fog,sunshine,wind,storms,andairpressure.Therearemanydifferenttypesofclimateonearth.Climatesoftheworldcanbeclassifiedaccordingtotheirlatitudesandtheplantsthatgrowthere.Differentkindsofplantsneeddifferentamountsofheatandmoistureforgrowth.Thevegetationofaregiontellsusabouttemperatureandrainfallconditionsoveralongperiodoftime.TropicalClimatesTropicalclimatesarefoundinregionsbetween35Nand35Slatitude.Inthetropicalrainforest(nearesttheequator)conditionsarewarmandrainyallyearlong,andthereisathickcoveroftrees.Placesfarthernorthandsouthoftheequatorhaveatropicalwet-and-dryclimate.Theretheforestsarenotsodense,andmanytreeslosetheirleavesinthedryseason.Along23.5Nand23.5Slatitudetherearevastregionsoftropicaldesertclimate,whereverylittlevegetationcangrow.SubtropicalClimatesSubtropicalclimatesareusuallyfoundbetween30and40NorthandSouthlatitudes.ThesubtropicalwesterncoastsofthecontinentshaveaMediterraneanclimate.Summersarehotanddry;@#@wintersaremildandwet.Onthesubtropicaleasterncoastsofcontinentstheclimateishumidsubtropical.Summersarehot,andwintersaremild.Thereisenoughrainfallinallseasonsforforests.Mid-latitudeClimateMid-latitudeclimatesoccurbetween40and60NSlatitudes.Strongwesterlywindsblowinthemid-latitudes.TheclimateofthewestcoastofNorthAmericaismildandrainymostoftheyear.Ithelpsthegrowthoffinetimberforests.Someplacesinthemid-latitudesdonotreceivemoisturebecauseofmountainbarriersortheirgreatdistancesfromtheoceans.Humidcontinentalclimatescoverlargemid-latitudeareaineasternpartsofthecontinents.Theyareforestclimateswithcoldwintersandwarmsummers.Mostoftherainfallcomesinthesummer.High-latitudeClimatesHigh-latitudeclimatesoccurfrom60tothepoles,NorthandSouth.Inthehighlatitudesitisverycoldinwinterandcoolinsummer.Theshortsummersarewarmenoughforforestsofevergreentrees.GreenlandandAntarcticahaveapolarclimate,wheregreaticecapsexistbecauseofyear-roundfreezing.High-altitudeClimatesHighlandclimatesarecoolerthanthesurroundinglowlandsbecauseoftheeffectsofaltitude.Highlandclimatesarefoundonthehighmountainsoftheworld,evenontheequator.Inthetropicsandmid-latitudesdifferentkindsofvegetationgrowinzonesuptheslopesofmountainstothepermanentsnowfields.TheCausesofDifferentClimatesThedifferencesintheclimatefromplacetoplacearecausedbyclimatecontrols.Themajorclimatecontrolsarelatitude,altitude,landandwaterbodies,oceancurrents,andstormcenters.Latitudesmakeclimatescoldertowardthenorthandsouthpoles(highlatitudes)thanatthetropicsneartheequator(lowaltitudes).Low-latituderegionsremainwarmthroughouttheyear.Athigherlatitudestherearegreaterdifferencesbetweenwinterandsummertemperatures.Altitudeaffectsclimatebyloweringtemperaturesastheheightabovesealevelincreases.Athighaltitudestheairislessdenseanddoesnotabsorbandholdasmuchheat.Ontheaverage,thetemperaturedropsabout2degreesCelsiusforeach300metersofaltitude(about3.5degreesFahrenheitforeach1,000feet).ThussnowcanremainonmountainlikeFujiyamawhennearbylowlandsarewarm.Landandwaterbodiesinfluenceclimate.Landwarmsuprapidlyinsummerandcoolsoffrapidlyinwinter.Butlargebodiesofwaterchangetemperatureslowly,withtheseasons.Mid-continentalplacesinmiddleandhighlatitudeshaveacontinentalclimate.Summersarewarmandwintercold.Islandandseacoastsusuallyhavemilderwintersandcoolersummersbecauseofthewatersurfacesnearby.Oceancurrentsaffectclimateinmanypartsoftheworld.Somecurrentscarrywarmwatertocoolregions;@#@otherscarrycoolwatertowarmregions.TheLabradorCurrentiscold.TheGulfStreamisawarmoceancurrent.ItcarrieswarmwaterfromthetropicalAtlantictowardthecoastsofnorthwesternEurope.Asaresult,wintersintheBritishIslesandinWestamEuropearewarmerthanotherregionsinthesamelatitudes.Windscarryheatandmoistureandthereforeaffectclimate.Windsthatcomefromlandsinhighlatitudesarecoldanddry.Somewindschangedirectionwiththeseasons.InsouthernAsiawindscalledmonsoonsaredryandcoolinthewinter,whentheyblowfromtheland.Inthesummertheyblowfromtheoceanandproduceheavyrainfall.ClimateandtheWaterCycleWaterenterstheatmospherebyevaporationfromlandandwatersurfaces.Windscarrywatervaporandcloudstootherareas.Therethemoistureisreturnedtotheearthintheformofrainorsnow.Muchofthewaterfallsonlandandrunsofftotheseainrivers.Butsomemoistureenterssoil.Ithelpsgrowingplantsorbuildsupthegroundwatersupply.Theconstantmovementofwaterfromlandtoseatoairandbackagainiscalledthewatercycle.Theamountofwateravailableforfarming,industry,andmanyotherusesdiffersfromoneclimatetoanother.Peopletrytoovercomethesedifferencesbyusingwaterresourceswisely.Thewatercyclecanbecontrolledinpartforashorttimebystoringwaterinreservoirs,irrigatingland,drainingwetlands,orpumpingwaterfromwells.ClimateandPeopleClimateinfluencespeoplescomfort,well-being,andactivitiesinmanyways.Mostpeopledonotworkaswellinahot,moistclimateasinacooler,drierclimate.Extremelyhighorlowtemperaturesareuncomfortable.Certaindiseasesaremorecommoninsomeclimatesthaninothers.Itisdifficulttodeterminewhatisthebestoridealclimateforhumanbeings.Peopledifferintheirreactionstoclimatebecauseoftheirindividualcharacteristicsandattitudes.Theamountandkindofclothingpeoplewearisdeterminedpartlybyclimate.Clothingforcoldclimatesgivesprotectionagainstwindandcold.Lessclothingisneededinwarmclimates.Therearemanytypesofspecialclothingforwind,cold,sun,rain,andsnow.Peoplebuildhousesmainlyforshelterfromtheclimaticelements.Carefullyplannedhousestakeadvantageofsunlight,winddirection,andotherfactorstoobtainamaximumofcomfortaswellasprotection.Theamountofheatingorair-conditioningneededinabuildingdependsupontheconstructionofthebuildingaswellastheoutsideclimate.Manymodeminventionshavemadeitpossibleforpeopletolivecomfortablyinanykindofclimate.Climateaffectsthefoodsupplybysettinglimitsforprofitableproductionofcropsandanimals.Climateinfluencescattleraisingandforestrybecauseitdetermineswheregrasslandsandforestswillgrow.Winds,clouds,andstormshavetobeconsideredintravelbyland,sea,orairandeveninthelaunchingofsatellite.Mostindustriestakespecialattentiontoprotecttheirproductsagainstweatherandclimateduringmanufacture,storage,andshipment.1.Climateisthecombinationoftemperature,moisture,windandsunshineataplaceoveracertainperiodofayear.2.Weatherreferstoatmosphericconditionsduringafewhoursordays.3.Therearedenseforestsalloverthetropicalregions.4.Mediterraneanclimateischaracterizedbyitshotsummersandmildwinters.5.Highlandclimatescouldbefoundallovertheworldexceptontheequator.6.Nowadayspeopleareworkingondesignsofnewbuildingsthatareclimate-friendly.7.Thewatercyclereferstotheconstantmovementofwaterfromlandtoseatoairandbackagain.8.Besidestemperatureandtheamountofrainfall,elementssuchasandairpressurearealsoveryimportantinthemakingofclimate.9.GreenlandandAntarcticahaveapolarclimate,whereexistbecauseofyear-roundfreezing.10.Through_forprofitableproductionofcropsandanimals,climatecanalsoaffectthefoodsupply.试题详解1.N由题干中的关键词climate定位到文章首段首句:
@#@Climateisthecombinationoftemperature,moisture,wind,andsunshineataplaceoveraperiodofmanyyears.题目中的ayear与原文的manyyears不符,由此得出题目说法错误。
@#@2.Y由题于中的关键词weather定位到文章首段第二句:
@#@Weatherismadeupofatmosphericconditionsduringafewhoursordays,题目用referto同义替换了原文中的ismadeupof,由此得出题目说法准确。
@#@3.N由题干中的关键词tropical定位到小标题TropicalClimates下面第四句:
@#@Theretheforestsarenotsodense,andmanytreeslosetheirleavesinthedryseason,题目与此相反,由此得出题目说法错误。
@#@4.Y由题干中的关键词Mediterranean定位到小标题SubtropicalClimates下面第二、三句:
@#@ThesubtropicalwesterncoastsofthecontinentshaveaMediterraneanclimate,Summersarehotanddry;@#@wintersaremildandwet,题目是原文的同义替换,由此得出题目说法准确。
@#@5.N由题干中的关键词highlandclimates定位到小标题High-altitudeClimates下面第二句:
@#@Highlandclimatesarefoundonthehighmountainsoftheworld,evenontheequator,题目认为赤道上没有高原气候,与原文相反,由此得出题目说法错误。
@#@6.NG题干中的关键词newbuildings,climate-friendly在文章中无法定位,题目说法在原文中未提及。
@#@7.Y由题干中的关键词watercycle定位到小标题ClimateandtheWaterCycle下面的第七句:
@#@Theconstantmovementofwaterfromlandtoseato
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