常用园艺科技术语中英文对照表中国文化大学园艺暨生物技术学系Word下载.docx
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常用园艺科技术语中英文对照表中国文化大学园艺暨生物技术学系Word下载.docx
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supernumerarybud)acclimatizationacidsoiladventitiousbudadventitiousrootairlayering(malcoting;
Chineselayering;
circumposition;
marcottage)air-cooledstorage(ventilatedcommonstorage)amphimixis(amphimixy)angiosperm(floweringplant)annualplantantagonismantherculture(microsporeculture)apicaldominanceapicalmeristemcultureapproachgrafting(approaching)artificialcrossing13.拮抗作用14.花藥培養(小孢子培養)15.頂芽優勢(頂端優勢)16.頂分生組織培養17.靠接18.人工雜交19.人工培養基(合成培養基)20.人工授粉21.人工種子(合成種子)22.無性繁殖(營養繁殖)23.返祖現象(回復變異)24.自營性(自養性)25.有效水分26.回交27.結果枝28.屈枝(偃枝;
曲枝;
拉枝)artificialmedium(syntheticmedium)artificialpollination(handpollination)artificialseed(syntheticseed)asexualpropagation(vegetativepropagation)atavism(reversion;
atavismus)autotrophyavailablewaterBbackcrossbearingbranch(fruitbranch)bendingbiennialbearingbiennialplantbioassaybiologicalclockbiologicalcontrolbiologicalnitrogenfixationbiosynthesisbiotransformationblanchingculture(bleachingculture)block(cubes)boltingbotanybreakingofdormancybreedingbridgegraftingbudmutation(budsport;
sport)budpollination29.隔年結果(大小年現象;
周期性結果)30.二年生植物(兩年生植物)31.生物檢定法(生物測定法)32.生物時鐘(生理時鐘;
生物鐘;
生理鐘)33.生物防治34.生物固氮作用35.生合成(生物合成)36.生物轉殖(生物轉型)37.軟化栽培38.塊盆39.抽苔40.植物學41.打破休眠42.育種43.橋接44.芽條突變buddingCcallus(parenchymatouscellmass)Calvincycle(Calvin-Bensoncycle;
C3cycle)carbondioxidecompensationpointcarbondioxidefertilizationcarbondioxidesaturationpointcauliflorycentral-leadertrainingchemicalresistance(resistancetochemical)chemicalthinningchemicalweedcontrolchillinginjurychillingresistancechimera(mosaic)chromosomeclimactericfruitclonalrootstockclonalvariationclonecoatedseedcoldstratification(coldmoistenstratification)commensalismcompletefertilizercompleteflower45.蕾期授粉46.芽接47.癒合組織48.卡爾文循環(三碳途徑;
三碳循環)49.二氧化碳補償點50.二氧化碳施肥法51.二氧化碳飽和點52.幹上開花(老莖開花現象;
莖花現象)53.中央主幹型整枝54.抗藥性55.藥劑疏剪(化學藥劑疏剪;
藥劑間疏)56.化學雜草防治57.寒害(冷害;
低溫障礙)58.抗冷性59.嵌合體(嵌鑲體)compostcompoundfertilizercontactherbicidecontainernurserycontinuouscroppingcontrolledatmospherestorage(CAstorage)cooling(precooling)cotyledoncriticalnight-length(criticaldark-period)cropgrowthrate(CGR)croprotationcrosscompatibilitycultivar(cultivatedvariety)culturalcontrolculturemediumcuringDdamping-off(bedrot)day-neutralplant(DNP)decapitationdefoliatingdegreeningdehiscentfruitdeterminateinflorescencedevernalizationdiagnosisdichogamydicotyledon(dicot)60.染色體61.更年型果實(有呼吸躍變型果實;
高峰型果實)62.無性砧木63.營養系變異64.營養系65.包裹種子(覆膜種子)66.濕冷層積法67.片利共生(片利共棲;
偏利共棲)68.完全肥料69.完全花70.堆肥71.複合肥料72.接觸性殺草劑73.容器苗圃74.連作75.氣調貯藏(人工大氣貯藏;
調節氣體貯藏)differentiationdioecismdiploiddisbuddingdiseasetolerance(tolerancetodisease)dominancedormancydoublecroppingdoubledormancydoubleworkingdrainagedrilling(drillseeding)droughtresistancedryfruitdwarfstockdwarfingcultureEearlyvarietyecodormancy(quiescence;
imposeddormancy;
externaldormancy;
environmentaldormancy)ecospeciesectotrophicmycorrhiza(ectomycorrhiza)edibleplantelectricalconductivity(EC)emasculation(castration)embryocultureendocarp76.預冷77.子葉78.臨界暗期(臨界夜長)79.作物生長速率80.輪作81.雜交親和性82.栽培品種(栽培變種)83.栽培防治84.栽培介質85.癒傷處理(癒傷;
療傷;
調理;
發汗)86.猝倒病(腰折病;
立枯病;
苗枯病)87.日照中性植物(中性植物;
日長鈍感植物)88.去頂作用89.摘葉(去葉;
剪葉;
除葉)90.催色endodormancy(rest;
turedormancy;
spontaneousdormancy;
internaldormancy;
physiologicaldormancy)endotrophicmycorrhiza(endomycorrhiza)enzymeepiphyte(aerophyte)espaliertraining(trellistraining)essentialelementetiolationevergreenplantexocarp(epicarp;
ectocarp;
peel;
skin)expandedclayexplantFF1generation(F1hybrid)F1hybridF1-weaknessfallowfeedbackinhibitionfertilizationfertilizerfieldcapacityfieldheatfloodirrigation(flooding)floralpreservativeflowerbudflowerdevelopment(floraldevelopment)flowerformation(floralformation)91.裂果(開裂果)92.有限花序93.逆春化作用(脫春化作用)94.病害診斷(病害診斷法)95.雌雄異熟96.雙子葉植物97.分化98.雌雄異株(雌雄異體)99.二倍體100.摘芽(除芽)101.耐病性102.顯性(優勢)103.休眠104.二期作(雙期作;
二重作)105.雙重休眠106.雙重嫁接107.排水108.條播flowerinduction(floralinduction)flowerinitiation(floralinitiation)flowermaturation(floralmaturation)flowerthinning(defloration;
deblossoming)floweringforcingculture(forcing)freezinginjuryfreezingresistancefruitthinningfruittreefumigationfungicidefungusGgeneconversiongenemutationgenetictransformationgeneticsgeotropismgerminationpercentagegraftcompatibility(congeniality;
graftingaffinity)grafteffectgraftincompatibilitygraftedcuttinggraftinggranularstructuregravitationalwater109.抗旱性110.乾果111.矮化砧112.矮化栽培113.早生品種(早熟品種)114.生態型休眠(靜止;
被動休眠;
外生性休眠;
環境性休眠)115.生態種116.外生菌根(外營性菌根)117.食用植物(可食植物)118.土壤電導度(土壤導電度)119.去雄120.胚培養121.內果皮122.內生性休眠(休止;
真休眠;
自greenmaturegreenhouseeffectgreenhouse(glasshouse)growthcurvegymnospermgynogenesisHhaploidhardeninghardwoodcuttinghardyplantharvestingheadingbackheattreatmentherb(herbaceousplant)herbicide(weedkiller)heterotrophyhorticulturalmaturity(commercialmaturity;
harvestingmaturity)hostplanthotwaterdiphumushybridsterilityhybridizationhydrocoolinghydrophyte(aquaticplant;
hygrophyte)hydrotropismhygroscopicwaterhypobaricstorage(vacuumstorage;
動休眠;
內在休眠;
生理性休眠;
內生休眠;
內休眠)123.內生菌根(內營性菌根)124.酵素(酶)125.附生植物(氣生植物)126.垣籬式整枝(樹牆式整枝)127.必需元素128.白化(黃化)129.常綠植物130.外果皮131.發泡煉石132.培植體133.雜交一代(子一代;
第一子代)134.一代雜交種(F1雜交種)lowpressurestorage)Iimmatureembryocultureimpermeabledormancyinbreedingdepressionincompatibilityincompleteflowerincompleteleafindeterminateinflorescenceindicatorplantinducedmutationinflorescenceinorganicfertilizer(mineralfertilizer)insectpest(pestinsect)insecticideintercropping(inter-cropping)intermediatedayplantinterspecifichybridizationinterstockintertillageirradiationJJuvenilityLlandpreparation(tillage)latentbud(dormantbud)layerage(layering)leafcuttinglightcompensationpoint135.雜交弱勢136.休耕137.回饋抑制(反饋抑制)138.受精139.肥料140.田間容水量141.田間熱142.淹灌143.切花保鮮劑144.花芽145.花芽發育146.花芽形成147.花芽誘導(催花)148.花芽創始(花芽發生;
花芽始發)149.花器成熟150.疏花(摘花)151.開花過程152.促成栽培lightsaturationpointliquidculturelong-dayplant(LDP)Mmacronutrient(majorelement)malesterilitymanurematuritymechanicalharvestingmeristemculture(shootapexculture)mesocarpmetabolismmetamorphosismetaxeniamicrograftingmicropropagation(invitropropagation)minornutrient(micro-element)mistpropagationmixedcroppingmodifiedatmospherestorage(MAstorage)monocotyledonmonoculturemonoecismmorphogenesismorphologicaldormancy(rudimentaryandundevelopedembryo)MSmedium(MurashigeandSkoogmedium)153.凍害154.抗凍性155.疏果156.果樹157.燻蒸158.殺菌劑159.真菌(黴菌)160.基因轉換(基因轉變)161.基因突變162.遺傳轉殖(遺傳轉型)163.遺傳學164.向地性165.發芽率166.嫁接親和性167.嫁接效應168.嫁接不親和性169.接插170.嫁接(接木)mulchmultiplecroppingmultiplefruitmutationmycoplasmamycorrhizaNnaturalcrossingnaturalenemynematocidenightbreak(nightinterruption)nitrogenfixationnon-climactericfruitnucellarembryony(nucellarbudding)nutnutrientsolutionnutritionaldeficiencysymptom(deficiencysymptom)Oorgancultureorganicagriculture(organicfarming;
biologicalfarming;
renewablefarming;
renewableagriculture;
regenerativeagriculture;
gardeningagriculture;
biologicalagriculture)organicsoilornamentals(ornamentalplants)orthodoxseed(medium-livedseed)osmoticpriming(osmoconditioning)outcrossovaryculture171.團粒構造(團粒結構)172.重力水173.綠熟(硬熟)174.溫室效應175.溫室176.生物曲線177.裸子植物178.孤雌生殖(雌性生殖;
雌性單偽生殖)179.單倍體180.健化(硬化;
鍛鍊)181.硬木插182.耐寒植物183.採收(收穫)184.截剪(截枝)185.熱處理186.草本植物overgrowthovuleculturePparasiticplantparthenocarpyparthenogenesispathogenpeatmoss(mosspeat)pelletedseedperennialplantperfectflower(bisexualflower;
hermaphroditicflower)pericarpperlitepermanentplantingpermanentwiltingpointpesticideresidue(residueonedibleproduct)phenotypephotodormancyphotomorphogenesisphotoperiodism(photoperiodicity)photorespirationphotosynthesisphotosyntheticratephototropism(heliotropism)physicalcontrolphysiologicalagephysiologicaldisorder(physiologicaldisease;
abioticdisease)187.殺草劑(除草劑)188.異營性(異養性)189.園藝成熟度(商業成熟;
採收成熟)190.寄主植物191.溫湯處理192.腐植質193.雜草不稔性194.雜交195.冰水預冷196.水生植物(濕生植物)197.向水性198.吸著水199.減壓貯藏(真空貯藏;
低壓貯藏)200.未成熟胚培養201.不透性休眠physiologicalmaturation(physiologicalmaturity;
maturation)phytotronpinchingplantanatomyplantdiseaseandinsectpestcontrol(controlofplantdiseaseandinsectpest)plantgrowthregulator(plantgrowthsubstance)planthormone(phytohormone)plantmorphologyplantnutritionplantpathologyplantprotectionplantsymptom(diseasesymptom;
symptomofdisease)planttaxonomyplanttissueculture(invitroculture)plantingdistance(spacing)polycarpicplantpolyembryonypolyploidpostharvesthandlingpropagationprotandryprotogynyprotoplastculture(nakedcellculture)pruningpureline202.近交弱勢203.不親和性(不相容性)204.不完全花205.不完全葉206.無限花序207.指示植物(指標植物)208.誘發突變209.花序210.無機質肥料(礦物質肥料)211.害蟲212.殺蟲劑213.間作214.定日性植物(中日性植物;
中間日照性植物)215.種間雜交216.中間砧217.中耕QquarantineRratooningrecalcitrantseed(short-livedseed)redifferentiationrefrigeratedstorageregenerativecapacity(regenerativeactivity)rejuvenationrenewalpruningreproductionreproductivegrowthrespirationrevigorationrhizomeridging(hilling;
molding)ringing(cincturing;
girdling)ripeningtreatmentrockwoolblockrootballrootcuttingrootpressurerootpruning(wrenching)rootknotnematodeSsaltinjurysaltresistancesandculture218.輻照處理(照射處理)219.幼年性(童年性)220.整地(耕耘)221.潛伏芽(休眠芽)222.壓條223.葉插224.光補償點225.光飽和點226.液體培養227.長日植物(長日性植物;
長日照植物)228.巨量元素229.雄不稔性(雄不孕性)230.天然肥料231.成熟度232.機械採收scalingscion(sion;
cion)secondarytissueseedtreatmentseedviabilityseedlessfruitseedlingself-incompatibilitysenescenceserialmicrograf
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