人教版高中英语必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars训练卷二带答案.docx
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人教版高中英语必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars训练卷二带答案.docx
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人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars训练卷二带答案
2019-2020学年高一下学期训练卷
必修三Unit4Astronomy:
thescienceofthestars
英语
(二)
(本卷满分100分)
一、阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共25分)
A
Thefutureistimethatistocome.Thefutureisnotthepresentorthepast.Itislater.Wehaveseenmanypossiblefuturesinsciencefiction.Theyrangefromtheworld’spolaricecapsmeltingtonuclearwinters.Butnotallfuturesaremorbid.Wehaveseenthehumanracespreadalloverouruniverse,humansandalienslivinginharmonytogetherallovertheuniverse.
Itisverylikelythatwewillmakesomekindofbreakthroughinourabilitytotravelthroughspacesometimeinthenext150years.Thiswouldgiveustheabilitytoruleotherplanets.
Finally,theEarthwilldiewhetheritisin1,000yearsor100,000years.Wewillbeforcedtomovetoanotherplanetthen.It’sreallyjustamatteroftime.Whenwedoso,whatwillwediscover?
Personally,Ithinkeveryonewillbespeakingthesamelanguagein200years.Aworldgovernmentdefinitelyseemstobeinourfuture.Itisstableandhasfewwars.Indeed,theonlytypeofwarsthatcanhappenisthecivilwar.
Andwhatifwefacealiens?
Iftheyarefriendly,wewouldprobablybenefitalotfromputtingourknowledgetogether.Theymusthaveadvancedtechnologytotravelforgreatdistances.Wecouldbenefitfromtheirtechnology.Butiftheyaren’tfriendly,thenwewillbeintrouble.Hopethatwewillhavebecomeadvancedenough,smartenough,andgenerallyabetterracebythetimewemeetthem.Butthisisallprobablybeingdiscussedfornothing,becauseanyraceoutthereamongthestarsisprobablyascuriousasweareaboutothercreatures.
1.Theunderlinedword“morbid”inParagraph1canbereplacedby__________.
A.unpleasantB.exciting
C.probableD.serious
2.WhatwillhumansdoiftheEarthdies?
A.Humanswillhavetofacedeath.B.Humanswilltravelandliveinspace.
C.Humanswillmovetoanotherplanet.D.Humanswillgobacktothepasttime.
3.Afterreadingthepassage,wecanknowthatthepassageisbasedon__________.
A.scientificfactsB.timeandspace
C.sciencefictionD.theauthor’simagination
B
Mostmapsshowplacesyoucanvisitandhowtogetthere.Mostmaps,however,werenotmadebyastronomers.AtarecentmeetinginTexas,threeteamsofthesescientistspresentednewmapstoshowwheredarkmatterwas.
Darkmatterneitherproducesnorreflectslight,whichmeansit'sinvisible(看不见)tohumaneyesandtomostscientificinstruments.Thatmakesitachallengetomeasureandstudy.Whatmakesthemattermoreupset:
Scientificmeasurementsshowthattheuniverseholdsaboutfivetimesasmuchdarkmatterasordinarymatter.Makinguptheknownpartoftheuniverse,ordinarymatterincludesyou,yourdog,Earth,thesun,starsandplanets.
Scientistsfinddarkmatterinthesameway,theydiscoverotherthingswecan'tseebyobservinghowtheinvisiblematteraffectsthingswecansee.Wecan'tseewind,forexample,butwecanfeelagentlewindorwatchawindmill(风车)turningonahill.Darkmatterdoesn'tturnwindmills,butitdoeshavegravity(引力).Likeordinarymatter,darkmatterholdseverythingarounditfirmlywithgravity.Darkmatter'sgravityholdsgalaxies(星系)togetherandbendsraysoflightastheymovepast.
Tomakethenewmaps,astronomerstrainedpowerfultelescopestowatchforbendinglightarrivingfromdistantgalaxies.Thesetelescopesrecordedlightthatcamefromgalaxiesbillionsoflight-yearsaway.Bystudyinghowthelightchangedasittraveledthroughspace,theastronomerscouldworkoutthelocationandshapeofdarkmattergroups.
Oneofthenewmapsshowsdarkmatterismorethan600timesaslargeasafullmoon.Theothercoversanareamorethanathousandtimesaslarge.Butthat'sjustthebeginning:
Theastronomerswanttocarryonfurtherstudiestobetterunderstandthedarkmatter.
4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____________.
A.mostmapsshowthelocationofdarkmatter
B.humaneyescan’tseedarkmatterdirectly
C.galaxiesareusuallymadeofdarkmatter
D.darkmatterisasmuchasordinarymatter
5.Inparagraph3thewriterexplainsthewaytolocatedarkmatterby_____________.
A.providingnumbersB.listingfacts
C.makingacomparisonD.offeringaquote
6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Ordinarymatermakesuptheknownpartofthespace.
B.Scientistshavefoundwaystodrawmapsofdarkmatter.
C.Darkmatterisstudiedwiththehelpofpowerfultelescopes.
D.Scientistsputforwardthetheoryofdarkmatterforthefirsttime.
C
Ascientistoncesaid:
“Ihaveconcludedthattheearthisbeingvisitedbyintelligentlycontrolledvehiclesfromouterspace.”
IfwetakethisasareasonableexplanationforUFOs(unidentifiedflyingobjects),questionsimmediatelycomeup.
“Whydon’ttheygetintouchwithus,then?
Whydon’ttheylandrightontheWhiteHouselawnanddeclarethemselves?
”peopleasked.
Inreply,scientistssaythat,whilethismaybewhatwewant,itmaynotnecessarilybewhattheywant.
“Themostlikelyexplanation,itseemstome,”saidDr.Mead,“isthattheyaresimplywatchingwhatweareupto—thatresponsiblesocietyoutsideoursolarsystemiskeepinganeyeonustoseethatwedon’tcauseachainreactionthatmighthaveunexpectedeffectsfortheoutsideofoursolarsystem.”
Opinionsfromotherscientistsmightgolikethis:
“Whyshouldtheywanttogetintouchwithus?
Wemayfeelwe’remoreimportantthanwereallyare!
Theymaywanttoobserveusonlyandnotinterfere(干涉)withthedevelopmentofourcivilization.Theymaynotcareifweseethembuttheyalsomaynotcaretosay‘hello’.”
SomescientistshavealsosuggestedthatEarthisakindofzooorwildlifereserve.Justaswesetasidewildernessareasandwildlifereservestoallowanimalsandgrowingthingstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem.SoperhapsEarthwassetasideagesagoforthesamepurpose.
Arewebeingobservedbyintelligentbeingsfromothercivilizationsintheuniverse?
Aretheywatchingourprogressinspacetravel?
Doweliveinahuge“zoo”observedbyour“keepers,”buthavingnocommunicationwiththem?
Neverbeforeinourhistoryhavewehadtofaceideasbravelylikethese.Thesimplefactisthatwe,whohavealwaysregardedourselvesassupremeintheuniverse,maynotbeso.Nowwehavetorecognizethat,amongthestarsintheheavens,theremayverywellbeworldslivedbybeingswhoaretousaswearetoants.
7.Peoplewhoaskthequestion“Whydon’ttheygetintouchwithusthen?
”thinkthat________.
A.therearenosuchthingsasUFOs
B.UFOsarevisitorsfromsolarsystem
C.there’snoreasonforUFOstocontactus
D.weareboundtoseeUFOssoonerorlater
8.AccordingtoDr.Mead,thebeingsfromouterspace________.
A.hopetokeepintouchwithus
B.wanttokeepwatchonus
C.trytoprotectusfromdangers
D.getreadytohelpothers
9.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardstheexistenceofotherintelligentbeingsinspace?
A.Doubtful.B.Neutral.C.Negative.D.Positive.
10.Thepassageismostlytakenfroma(n)________.
A.commercialadvertisementB.sciencefictionnovel
C.newspapercolumnD.travelleaflet
二、七选五(每小题2分,共10分)
Childrenstartoutasnaturalscientists,eagertolookintotheworldaroundthem.Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy,asthere’snoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.11..
Givethemtimetothink.Studiesoverthepast30yearshaveshownthat,afteraskingaquestion,adultstypicallywaitonlyonesecondorlessforananswer,notimeforachildtothink.12.,childrencangivemorelogical,completeandcreativeanswers.
Watchyourlanguage.Onceyouhaveachildinvolvedinasciencediscussion,don’tjumpinwith“That'sright"or“Verygood”.13..Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying“That’sinterestingor“Ihaveneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore”,orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.Neverforceachildtothink.14.,aschildrenarealwaysthinking,withoutyourtellingthemto.
What'smore,givingthemfreedomtothinkcanturnaconversationintoaperformance.Thechildwilltrytofindtheansweryouwant,inasfewwordsaspossible,sothathewillbeasmallertargetforyourdisagreement.
15..Real-lifeimpressionsofnaturearefarmoreimpressivethananylessonchildrencanlearnfromabookoratelevisionprogram.Letchildrenlookattheirfingertipsthroughamagnifyingglass(放大镜),andthey'llunderstandwhyyouwantthemtowashbeforedinner.Ratherthansayingthatwaterevaporates(蒸发),setapotofwatertoboilandletthemwatchthewaterleveldrop.
A.Itdoesn'tmakesense
B.Listentotheirquestions
C.Teachthembyexamples
D.Youonlyhavetoshareyourchildren'scuriosity
E.Itbeganwithasetofquestionsthatlastednearlytwohours
F.Whenadultsincreasetheir"waittime”tothreesecondsormore
G.Thesewordsworkwellwhenitcomestoencouraginggoodbehavior
三、完形填空(每小题1.5分,共30分)
Whenamomattendedschooltohelpherdisabledson,hersonandtheschoolthankedherinthesweetestway.Itwasn’tuntilafterhiscollegeyearsthatMartybecamedisabledafter16downstairs.Whenherson17togethisMBA,JudyO’Connorattendedeveryclasswithhimtohelphimwriteand18.Everyday,JudywouldsitbyMartyinclass,takingnotestomakesureof19specificrequests,raisingherhandsohecouldanswerquestions,andsilentlyfillinginhis20ontestdays.“Afteralittlewhile,wefoundthatworkingtogetherwecould21agreatdeal,”Martysays.
OngraduationdayatChapmanUniversity,Judywasdressedinblacktomixinwiththeother22.Littledidsheknowshe’d
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