全国职称英语等级考试理工类.docx
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全国职称英语等级考试理工类.docx
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全国职称英语等级考试理工类
2008年全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A级)试题
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1~5题,每题l分,共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 Withimmenserelief.Istoppedrunning.
AsomeB、enormousClittleDextensive
2 Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.
AcollectBhandleCanalyzeDinvestigate
3 Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.
Ahit.BpassedCreachedDled
4 Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.
ApossibleBprofitableCeasyDwise
5 Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.
AfactBmysteryCstatementDgame
6 Thatguyisreallywitty.
AsmartBuglyChonorableDpopular
7 Theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.
AreasonableBdramaticChumiliatingDhorrifying
8 ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.
ApreparedBtrainedCqualifiedDguided
9 ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatownintheSouth.
ApraisesBwritesCimitatesDdescribes
10Themeaningisstillobscure.
AvagueBtransparentCalienDsignificant
11DumpedwastemightcontaminateWatersupplies.
AdestroyBdecreaseCdelayDpollute
12OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefromIndiaandPersia.
AassumesBexpectsCpredictsDconsiders
13Itisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules.
ArememberBfollowCunderstandDlearn
14IhopethatIdidn'tdoanythingabsurdlastnight.
AawkwardBstrangeCstupidDawful
15Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.
AforbidBadvocateCinheritDwithdraw
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22垒题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C.
GreenRoofResearch
Theconceptofgreenroofsisbasicallyaboutgrowingplantsonroofs,thushelpingtoreplacethegreenfootprintthathadbeendestroyedduetotheconstructionofthebuilding.Greenroofsarethemostprevalent(流行)inGermany,whichiswidelyregardedastheleaderingreenroofresearch.
Thegreenroofsthatareusedthesedayscanbeclassifiedas'extensive'and
'intensive'systems.Extensivegreenroofsusemosses,grassesandherbs,whicharetoleranttodroughts.TheseplantsdonotReedmuchmaintenance.canbegrowninalayerofsubstrate(土层)thatcanbeasshallowasl.5inches,andgenerallyareinaccessibletothepublic.Incontrast,awiderangeofspeciesofplantsaregrownonintensivegreenroofs,suchasshrubs(灌木)andeventrees,whichrequiredeepersubstratelayers,andareusuallygrownonflatroofs.Theyneedintensivemaintenance,andareusuallyareasthatresembleparkswhichareaccessibletopeople.
Thereareseveralbenefitsofadoptinggreenrooftechnologies.Apartfromtheobviouspsychologicalandaesthetic(美学的)benefitsofgarden-likeenvironmentssurroundingyou,someofthecommoneconomicandecologicalbenefitsare:
areductionintheconsumptionofenergy;airandwaterpurification;recoveringgreenspaces;andthemitigation(缓解)oftheheatislandeffectinurbanareas.
Thegreenroofresearchthatiscurrentlyongoingisfocusedonevaluatingthespeciesofplantsthataresuitabletobegrownonroofs,themethodsofpropagation(繁殖)aswellasestablishment,nutrient(养料)andwaterrequirement,substrates,andthequantityandqualityofwaterrunoff.Theevaluationcriteriaofplantspeciesare:
atwhatratetheycanbeestablished:
theircapacitytowithstandinvasiveweeds:
toleranceofcoldandheat:
toleranceofdroughtconditions:
capacityofpersistenceandsurvival.
Anumberofexperimentsarebeingconductedonroofplatformsimulationsatvariousresearchcenters.Thesesitesaregenerallyoutfittedwithequipment,whichareusedtomeasuretemperaturesatdifferentdepthsofthegrowingsubstrates,andtherateandvolumeoftherunoffofstormwatersfromeachoftheplatforms.
Greenrooftechnologyisrepresentativeofacompletelynewmarketforlandscapecontractors.Andallroofsthatcurrentlyexistandthefutureonestobeconstructedarethepotentialmarket-amarketthatistoohugetobeoverlooked.
16 Itisestimatedthataround10percentoftheflatroofsinGermanyaregreen.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
17 Germanpeoplepreferextensivegreenroofsystemstointensiveones.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
18 Smallplantslikegrassesandherbsaregrownwidelyonintensivegreenroofs.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
19 Greenroofisanecologicallysoundstrategyofspreadinggreeninurbanareas.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
20 0neofthebenefitsofgreenroofsisthereductionoftheheatislandeffectincities.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
210nefocus;nthegreenroofresearchistheevaluationofsuitableplantspecies.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
22Althoughgreenrooftechnologycancreateagarden-likeenvironment,itspotentialmarketisrathersmall.
ARightB WrongCNotmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题l分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个最佳标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
TheSupercomputerNetwork
1 Recently.tenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked。
Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycan"talk"toeachother.ThismaynotseemMerydramaticnews,butitisthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillincreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously:
2 TheInternetisaninterconnected(互联)systemofnetworksthat,connectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation.Thewaythatyouusetheinternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork.Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload(下载)files,howmuchdatayoucanstore,etc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslow,accessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult.
3 Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalled"thegrid"(网格技术),anditwillbeanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether,The"grid"willworkinadifferentwayfromtheInternet,enablingyoutogetthepowerofthebiggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformationwillnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhileyouaccessinformation,youwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebiggercomputerstations.
4 0neadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocationwillbecomeirrelevant.The"grid"willdecidewhicharethebestpartsofaworldwidenetworktodothelobyouwant.ThismeansthatyoumaybeaccessingacomputerinJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.
5 The"grid"canbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.Youcangiveyourassistantataskand"he"willdoitforyou.Theassistantwilldothepreliminaryresearch,collectthedata.Comparethemanddecideonthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentresinthe"grid"thathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Allyouhavetodoisassignthetask,sitbackandwait.
6 Atpresent,possibleapplicationsofthe"grid"inscientificresearcharebeingexplored.WhileithastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetusetobecomewidespread,expertsbelievethatthe"grid"couldbeupandrunningforprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworkingon"grid"Projectsareconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.
23Paragraph2
24Paragraph3
25Paragraph4
26Paragraph5
AHowdoesthe"grid"work?
BPowershared
CJustmakearequest
DLimitationsofpresentInternetuse
EDistanceisnotaproblem
FAnewerafortheInternet
27Traditionallythepowerofyourcomputerdetermineshowfastyoucanaccess.
28The"grid"willenableyoutogetonyourcomputerthepowerofintheworld。
29The"grid"wouldbelike,whocanperformyourtasksefficiently.
30Itisbelievedthatthewidespreaduseofthe"grid"willbecomepossibleinthenext。
Athebiggercomputerstations
Btheadvantage
Ctenyears
Dinformation
Eyourpersonalassistant
Ffifteenyears
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
CentersoftheGreatEuropeanCities
ThecentersofthegreatcitiesofEuropearemeetingplacesbytradition.Peoplegathertheretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight.Amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmakeforanexciting,metropolitanatmosphere.
Squares,plazas(广场)andarcades(拱廊)formtheheartofEurope'scities.
VeniceinltalyhasthePiazzaSanMarco—abeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshops,churches,restaurantsandcafes.InBarcelona,Spain,LaBosqueriaisalivelymarketwithhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods.London'sCoventGardenisfilledwithfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusicians,acrobats(杂技演员)andartistsbynight.Thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenarearchitecturallyimpressive.InLondon,theyserveasabeautifulbackdrop(背景)tothecoffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksoftheThames.
Thesevibrant(有活力的)heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolution,socialhistorianJoelGarreautoldUSNewsandWorldReportrecently."ThereasonpeoplethinkVeniceissogreattodayisyoudon'tseeallthemistakes."saidGarreau."Thosehaveallbeenremoved."MostEuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionofthecar,sobars,restaurantsandcaféswereneartopeople'shomes.Today,thefocusofmanyEuropeans'lifehasmovedawayfromthecenters.Theyliveinthesuburbsandoutskirts.drivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies.Butonacontinentwherepeopletreasureconvention,therearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalways,livingandshoppinglocally.Thesepeople,togetherwithtourists,providethecitycenterswiththeirreasonforexistence.
Coffeecultureplaysapartinkeepingthesecitycentersflour
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