河北省武邑中学届高考英语总复习 单元检测45.docx

河北省武邑中学届高考英语总复习 单元检测45.docx

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河北省武邑中学届高考英语总复习单元检测45

武邑中学2014-2015高三一轮复习单元检测题45

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

CanadianshortstorywriterAliceMunrowontheNobelPrizeforLiterature．Eighty-two-year-oldMunroisonlythe13thwomantowinthe112-year-oldprize．

Munrodidn’tpublishherfirstcollectionofshortstoriesuntilshewas37yearsold,butherstorieshavealwaysbeenwell-received．Lotsofherstoriessharesimilarthemesandcharacters,buteachstoryhasitsowntwistsandturns．

Eventhoughshe’swonCanada’smostfamousliteraryaward,theGillerPrize,twice,winningtheNobelPrizeforLiteratureisthecherryontopofMunro’scareer．“Itbringsthisincrediblerecognition,bothofherandhercareer,andofthededicationtotheshortstory,”saidoneperson．

Alongwiththewell-respectedtitlecomes1．3milliondollars．Munrosaideverythingwas“sosurprisingandwonderful”andthatshewas“dazedbyalltheattentionandaffectionthathasbeencomingmyway．”

Munroknewshewasintherunning——shewasnamedthesecond-mostlikelypersontowinthisyear’sprize,afterHarukiMurakami（村上春树）ofJapan——butsheneverthoughtthatshewouldwin．

Munro’swinalsorepresentsthelongwayCanadianwritershavecome．“WhenIbeganwritingtherewasaverysmallcommunityofCanadianwritersandlittleattentionwaspaidbytheworld．NowCanadianwritersareread,admiredandrespectedaroundtheglobe,”MunrosaidonThursday．

SheistechnicallynotthefirstCanadiantowintheNobelPrizeforLiterature,butmanyliketothinkthatsheis．In1976SaulBellow,whowasborninQuebecbutmovedtoChicagowhenhewasstillachild,wontheprize．EventhoughhewasborninCanada,heismostlyconsideredtobeanAmericanwriter．

“Thisisawinforusall．Canadians,byourverynature,arenotverynationalistic,”saidGeoffreyTaylor．“Butthingslikethissuddenlymakeyouwanttofindaflag．”

Shewasn’tsureifshewouldkeepwritingifshewontheprize,sayingthatitwouldbe“nicetogooutwithabang．Butthismaychangemymind．”

21．WhatisthefeatureofMunro’sstories?

A．Theyhavetheirowncomplicatedcontents．B．Theyhavesimilarstorybackgrounds．

C．Theyhavespecificthemesforchildren．D．Theyhavethesamecharactersineachbook．

22．ForMunro,theNobelPrizeisanawardfor______．

A．herloveforCanadiancultureB．herdevotiontotheshortstory

C．herspecialformofwritingD．hercareerofeditingshortstories

23．Whatisimpliedinthesixthparagraph?

A．Canadianwriterspaidlittleattentiontotheprize．B．Canadianwritersarejustasmallcommunity．

C．Canadianwritershavelongbeenignored．D．Canadianshavealongwaytowintheprize．

24．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A．HowAliceMunrowinstheNobelPrizeB．AnintroductiontotheNobelPrizeinLiterature

C．AliceMunrowinstheNobelPrizeinLiteratureD．Aworldfamouswriter,AliceMunro

B

AdensewaveofsmogbeganintheChinesecityofHarbinandthesurroundingHeilongjiang,Jilin,andLiaoningProvinceson20October2013．UnseasonablywarmtemperatureswithverylittlewindacrossnortheasternChinacoincidedwiththesmokefromlocalfarmers’burningstrawsandthestart-upofHarbin’scoal-poweredcentralheatingsystem．

Recorddensitiesoffineparticulates（微粒）weremeasuredinthecity．InHarbin,thelevelsofPM2．5（particulatematter）riseto1,000microgramspercubicmeter,worsethanBeijing’shistorichighs．Visibilitywasreducedtobelow50minpartsofHarbin,andbelow500minmostoftheneighbouringJilinProvince．OnFaYuenStreetinHarbin,visibilityoflessthan5mwasreported．ThesmogreducedafterOctober23,2013andcompletelybrokeuponOctober28,2013bythefirstlocalsnowandicyrainduetoacoldfrontmovinginfromRussia．

HarbinliesinthenorthofChinawherewintertemperaturescandropto-40℃,demandingasix-monthheatingseason．Dailyparticulatelevelsofmorethan40timestheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedmaximumlevelwerereportedinpartsofHarbin．Thesmogremainedtill23October,whenalmostallmonitoringstationsinHeilongjiang,Jilin,andLiaoningProvinces

reportedreadingsabove200μg/m³forPM2．5．PM2．5istheamountofparticulatematterlessthan2．5micrometersindiameterintheair,withtheWHOrecommendingamaximum24-hourmean（平均值）of25microgramspercubicmeter（μg/m³）．Onthemorningof25October,PM2．5measurementsinHarbinhadfallentoanaverageof123μg/m³．

AllhighwaysinthesurroundingHeilongjiangProvincewereclosed．InHarbin,allprimaryandmiddleschoolswereclosedforthreedaysandauthoritiesstoppedflightsattheairports．Hospitalsreporteda23percentincreaseinadmissionsforbreathingproblems．However,thissmogwillhavenoinfluenceonHarbinIceFestivaleventslaterinDecember2013．

AirpollutioninChinesecitiesisofincreasingconcerntoChina’sleadership．Particulatesintheaircanaffecthumanhealthandalsohaveinfluencesonclimateandrainfall．Pollutionfromtheburningofcoalhasreducedlifeexpectancyby5．5yearsinthenorthofChina,asaresultofheartandlungdiseases．

25．OnecauseoftheheavysmoginthenortheasternChinesecitiesmaybe_____．

A．thelastingcoldweatherB．farmers’burningofforests

C．toomuchstrongwindD．thestart-upofheatingsystem

26．Oneseriousinfluenceoftheheavysmogwasthat_____．

A．HarbinIceFestivalwouldbecancelledB．highwaysinHeilongjiangwerefreeofcharge

C．allflightsattheairportwerecancelledD．doctorsinhospitalswerekeptfromworking

27．Theharmfulsmogwasmostseriouson______．

A．October20B．October23C．October25D．October28

28．Whatmeasuremightbepracticaltoreducethehappeningofheavysmog?

A．Forbiddingpeopletoowntheirprivatecars．B．Advocatingpeoplehavingonemealaday．

C．Usingnaturalgastocookinsteadofcoal．D．Encouragingfamily’scoal-firedheating．

C

Sexprejudicesarebasedonandjustifiedbytheideology（意识形态）thatbiologyisdestiny．Accordingtothisideology,basicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesexistbetweenthesexes．Thesedifferencesrequireeachsextoplayaseparateroleinsociallife．Womenaretheweakersexbothphysicallyandemotionally．Thus,theyarenaturallysuited,muchmoresothanmen,totheperformanceofdomestic（家庭的）duties．Awoman’splace,undernormalcircumstances,iswithintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehome．Naturehasdeterminedthatwomenplaycaretakerroles,suchaswifeandmotherandhomemaker．Ontheotherhand,menarebestsuitedtogooutintothecompetitiveworldofworkandpolitics,whereseriousresponsibilitiesmustbetakenon．Menaretobetheproviders;womenandchildrenare“dependents”．

Theideologyalsoholdsthatwomenwhowishtoworkoutsidethehouseholdshouldnaturallyfillthesejobsthatareinlinewiththespecialcapabilitiesoftheirsex．Itisappropriateforwomen,notmen,tobeemployedasnurses,socialworkers,elementaryschoolteachers,house-holdhelpers,clerksandsecretaries．Thesepositionsaresimplyanextensionofwomen’sdomesticrole．Informaldistinctionsbetween“women’swork”and“men’swork”inthelaborforce,accordingtotheideology,aresimplyafunctionalreflectionofthebasicdifferencesbetweenthesexes．

Finally,theideologysuggeststhatnaturehasworkedherwillinanothersignificantway．Forthehumanspeciestosurviveovertime,itsmembersmustregularlyreproduce．Thus,womenmust,whetherathomeorinthelaborforce,makethemostoftheirphysicalappearances．

Sogoestheideology．Itis,ofcourse,nottruethatbasicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesbetweenthesexesrequireeachtoplaysex-definedrolesinsociallife．Thereisenoughevidencethatsexrolesvaryfromsocietytosociety,andthoseroledifferencesthatdoexistarelargelylearned．

Buttothedegreepeopleactuallybelievethatbiologyisdestinyandthatnatureintendedformenandwomentomakedifferentcontributionstosociety,sex-definedroleswillbeseenastotallyacceptable．

29．Accordingtothebiology-is-destinyideology,women_______．

A．cannotcompetewithmeninanyfieldB．aresuitedmoretodomesticjobsthanmen

C．aresensitiveenoughtobeagoodcaretakerD．aretooweaktodoanyagriculturalworkatall

30．Thosewhohaveprejudicesagainstwomenthinkthat_______．

A．womenshouldn’tgooutforwork

B．womenshouldearnmoneytoaddthefamilyincome

C．womengoingoutforworkshouldonlydo“women’swork”

D．womenshouldtakejobstodrillthespecialcapabilitiesofthesex

31．Theauthorthinksthatthepositionswomenholdoutside_______．

A．aredeterminedbywhattheyarebettersuitedto

B．growoutoftheirhouseholdresponsibilities

C．representtheirbreakthroughofsexdiscrimination

D．arephysicallyandemotionallysuitabletothem

32．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimply?

A．Sexrolesaresociallydetermined

B．Sexrolesareemotionallyandphysicallydetermined

C．Sexrolesarebiologicallyandpsychologicallydetermined

D．Sexrolesaredeterminedbyeducationpeopletake

D

Ticketsforthe2014WorldCupinBrazilhavegoneonsale,withfansabletoapplyonFIFA’swebsite．FIFAisexpectingasimilardemandtothatinGermany2006,whentherewereaboutsevenapplicantsforeveryticketofthe64matches．Andnowaround3．3millionticketswillbeavailableforthematchesin2014．

Ticketswillrangeinpricefrom￡58forfirst-roundmatchesto￡632forthefinalatMaracanaStadiuminRiodeJaneiro．Braziliancitizensover60,localstudentsandmembersofsomesocialprogramscanpurchaseticketsfor￡15．

ThePriceofFootball-WorldCup2014

Items

Prices

Items

Prices

Ticket

￡58-￡112

Finalticket

￡281-