英语二及答案.docx
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英语二及答案.docx
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英语二及答案
2012英语
(二)及答案
2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语
(二)试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitneedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho1inWorldWarⅡandthepeopletheyliberated,theGIwasthe2mangrownintohero,thepoorfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho3alltheburdensofbattles,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.Thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5anaverageguyup6thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesincenturies.
Hisnameisn’tmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7GovernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticles8tosoldiers.AndJoe?
Acommonnameforaguywhonever9ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoePalooka,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas10hadapresidentorvice-presidentorsecretaryofstateJoe.
GI.Joehada11careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappearsasacharacterora12ofAmericanpersonalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentEmiePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPoly13portrayedthemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe14sideofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow-and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanymileswere15orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated.Hisreports16the“Willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesartistBillMaulden.Bothmen17thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the18ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:
coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.19Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,GI.JoewasAmericansoldiers,20themostimportantpersonintheirlives.
1.[A]performed[B]served[C]rebelled[D]betrayed
2.[A]actual[B]common[C]special[D]normal
3.[A]bore[B]caused[C]removed[D]loaded
4.[A]necessities[B]facilities[C]commodities[D]properties
5.[A]and[B]nor[C]but[D]hence
6.[A]for[B]into[C]from[D]against
7.[A]meaning[B]implying[C]symbolizing[D]claiming
8.[A]handedout[B]turnedover[C]broughtback[D]passeddown
9.[A]pushed[B]got[C]made[D]managed
10.[A]ever[B]never[C]either[D]neither
11.[A]disguised[B]disturbed[C]disputed[D]distinguished
12.[A]company[B]collection[C]community[D]colony
13.[A]employed[B]appointed[C]interviewed[D]questioned
14.[A]ethical[B]military[C]political[D]human
15.[A]ruined[B]commuted[C]patrolled[D]gained
16.[A]paralleled[B]counteracted[C]duplicated[D]contradicted
17.[A]neglected[B]avoided[C]emphasized[D]admired
18.[A]stages[B]illusions[C]fragments[D]advances
19.[A]With[B]To[C]Among[D]Beyond
20.[A]onthecontrary[B]bythismeans[C]fromtheoutset[D]atthatpoint
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentlyyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonthiseducationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblepolicywhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,homeworkmaynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade.
Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.Butthepolicyisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotcompleteontheirownorthattheycannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirhomeworkbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.
Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapartofschooling;teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomeworkcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirhomeworkandseeverylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.
theyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect.
Thehomeworkrulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheshoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingeducationalpolicy,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedtodohomeworkright.
21.Itisimpliedinparagraph1thatnowadayshomework____.
[A]isreceivingmorecriticism
[B]isnolongeraneducationalritual
[C]isnotrequiredforadvancedcourses
[D]isgainingmorepreferences
22.L.A.Unifiedhasmadetheruleabouthomeworkmainlybecausepoorstudents_____.
[A]tendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheireducation
[B]haveaskedforadifferenteducationalstandard
[C]mayhaveproblemsfinishingtheirhomework
[D]havevoicedtheircomplaintsabouthomework
23.AccordingtoParagraph3’oneproblemwiththepolicyisthatitmay____.
[A]discouragestudentsfromdoinghomework
[B]resultinstudents’indifferencetotheirreportcards
[C]underminetheauthorityofstatetests
[D]restrictteachers’powerineducation
24.AsmentionedinParagraph4akeyquestionunansweredabouthomeworkis_____.
[A]itshouldbeeliminated
[B]itcountsmuchinschooling
[C]itplacesextraburdensonteachers
[D]itisimportantforgrades
25.Asuitabletitleforthistextcouldbe____.
[A]wrongInterpretationsofanEducationalPolicy
[B]AWelcomedPolicyforPoorStudents
[C]ThornyQuestionsaboutHomework
[D]AFaultyApproachtoHomework
Text2
Prettyinpink:
adultwomendonotrememberbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Itisnotthatpinkisintrinsicallybad,butitissuchatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusesgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,Idespairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests.
Girls’attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,itisnot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury,intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What’smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apastelversionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolizedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid-1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecameadominantchildren’smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.
Ihadnotrealizedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokids,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren’sbehavior:
wrong.Turnsout,accordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularizedasamarketingtrickbyclothingmanufacturersinthe1930s.
Tradepublicationscounseleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea“thirdsteppingstone”betweeninfantwearandolderkids’clothes.Itwasonlyafter“toddler”becameacommonshoppers’termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences-orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.
26.Bysaying“itis…therainbow”(Line3,Para.1),theauthormeanspink____.
[A]shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood
[B]shouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls’innocence
[C]cannotexplaingirls’lackofimagination
[D]cannotinfluencegirls’livesandinterests
27.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?
[A]Coloursareencodedingirls’DNA.
[B]Blueusedtoberegardedasthecolourforgirls.
[C]Pinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolisinggenders.
[D]Whiteispreferredbybabies.
28.Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren’spsychologicaldevelopmentwasmuchinfluencedby_____.
[A]themarketingofproductsforchildren
[B]theobservationofchildren’snature
[C]researchesintochildren’sbehaviour
[D]studiesofchildhoodconsumption
29.Wemaylearnfromparagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvisedto____.
[A]focusoninfantwearandolderkids’clothes
[B]attachequalimportancetodifferentgenders
[C]classifyconsumersintosmallergroups
[D]createsomecommonshoppers’terms
30.Itcanbeconcludedthatgirls’attractiontopinkseemstobe____.
[A]clearlyexplainedbytheirinborntendency
[B]fullyunderstoodbyclothingmanufacturers
[C]mainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenbusinessmen
[D]wellinterpretedbypsychologicalexperts
Text3
In2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica’sbiotechindustrytoitscore.Companieshadwonpatentsfo
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