六级听力练习IV 录音文字Word文档格式.docx

六级听力练习IV 录音文字Word文档格式.docx

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Well,yes,it'

sveryexciting.Foralongtimewe'

dsuspectedthepresenceofsuchorganisms,butwelackedsubstantialevidence.

Howdidyouconfirmtheexistenceofthebacteria?

Well,technologyhelped.Ourdrillingtechniqueshaveimprovedsignificantly,andsotheriskthatsurfacebacteriacouldbemistakenforthosefoundatmuchgreaterdepthwasreduced.Withthenewtechniques,wecouldgetmuchdeeperintotheEarth.

Howfardowndidyouactuallyget?

Inonecase,aboutthreekilometers.Weweresurprised,Imusttellyou,thattherewereorganismsthatfardown.

Youknow,itsoundslikefiction,somethinglikealostworld.

Let'

scallitahiddenbiosphere,andit'

sprobablyaveryextensiveone.

Themassofthelivingorganismsbelowthesurfacemaybeequalinsizetothemassofthesurfacebacteria.

Haveyoufoundanyuniquelife-forms?

Yes.We'

vefoundaveryspecialorganism.Let'

scallitType-Abacterium.Itcanliveandgrowonlywherethereisnooxygen.

Isthereanydangerofthesebacteriainfectingpeoplewhenyoubringthemtothesurface?

Thesebacteriawereadaptedtoanenvironmentthat'

scompletelydifferentfromhumans'

.That'

stosay,theycouldnotsurviveinourenvironment.Sowereallydon'

tneedtoworryaboutthesebacteriacausingillnessinpeople.

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.WhathaveDr.Brownandhisteamdiscovered?

2.WhathelpstoconfirmtheexistenceofbacteriabelowtheEarth'

ssurface?

3.Howdeepdowndidthemanfindthebacteria?

4.Whydoesthemansaythereisnodangerofinfectionbythebacteriabroughttosurface?

ConversationTwo

Ihaven'

tseenyouhereforacoupleweeks.Haveyoustoppedeatingorsomething?

No.DoesitlooklikeI'

vestoppedeating?

I'

vebeenspendingalotoftimeinthelibrary.

Workingonapaper?

IwishIwasworkingonapaper!

mworkingonthreedifferentpapers:

anthropology,Englishliterature,andhistory.

Wow,thatisalotofwork.

Yeah,andwhat'

sfrustratingisthatI'

mstudyingthenineteenthcenturyBritishEmpireinallthreeclasses,butIcan'

tjustwriteasinglepaperforallthree.

Whynot?

Theprofessorswon'

tletmeevenifImakeitthreetimesaslongasthesuggestedlength.

That'

stoobad.Couldyouwriteyourpapersonthreeaspectsofonetopic?

Hmm.Whatdoyoumean?

Doyouhavesomethinginmind?

Well,let'

ssee.Hmm...MaybeyoucoulddosomethingwithRomanticism,like,oh...writeyouranthropologypaperontheculturalbasisofRomanticism,and,uh,yourhistorypaperontheinfluenceoftheRomanticpoetsonBritishforeignpolicy,and,OK,andyourEnglishpaperonananalysisofsomeRomanticpoems.

Hey,that'

snotabadidea!

vealreadystartedtheresearchforoneofthepapers,soIcanusethat.WhatcanIdotorepayyou?

Youwanttowriteupmychemistrypaperforme?

dloveto,butI'

venevertakenchemistry,soI'

mnotsureyou'

dliketheresults.

Ohwell,nothanksnecessarythen.I'

lldoitmyself.Haveagoodweekend,andtrytogetoutofthelibraryandgetsomesleep.Youhavebigcirclesunderyoureyes.

OK,I'

lltry.Seeyoulater.

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.Whathasthemanbeenbusydoingrecently?

6.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandotomakehisworkeasier?

7.WhydoesthewomanmentionRomanticism?

8.Whydoesn'

tthemanwanttohelpthewoman?

SectionB

Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Ihopeyouhaveallfinishedreadingtheassignedchapteroninsurance-sothatyou'

repreparedforourdiscussiontoday.But,beforewestart,I'

dliketomentionafewthingsyourtextdoesn'

tgointo.

It'

sinterestingtonotethatinsurancehasexistedinsomeformforaverylongtime.Theearliestinsurancepoliciesprovidedshippingprotectionformerchantsasfarbackas3000B.C.

Ingeneral,thecontractswereoftennomorethanverbalagreements.Theygrantedloanstomerchantswiththeunderstandingthatifaparticularshipmentofgoodswaslostatsea,theloandidn'

thavetoberepaid.Interestontheloansvariedaccordingtohowriskyitwastotransportthegoods.Duringperiodsofheavypiracyatsea,forexample,theamountofinterestandthecostofthepolicywentupconsiderably.So,youcanseehowinsurancehelpedencourageinternationaltrade.Eventhemostcautiousmerchantsbecamewillingtoriskshippingtheirgoodsoverlongdistances-nottomentioninhazardousweatherconditions-whentheyhadthiskindofprotectionavailable.

Generallyspeaking,thebasicformofaninsurancepolicyhasbeenprettymuchthesamesincetheMiddleAges.Therearefourpointsthatwereprominentthenandremaindominantinallpoliciestoday.Thesewereoutlinedinchaptersixandwillserveasthebasisfortherestoftoday'

sdiscussion.

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

9.Whowerethefirstinsurancecontractsdesignedtoprotect?

10.Whatdeterminedtheinterestontheloans?

11.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutcurrentinsurancepolicies?

PassageTwo

Milkwasabasicfoodofmanlongbeforehistorywaswritten.Itwillprobablykeeponbeingoneaslongasthereareanimalsthatgivemilk.

Manyancientpeoplethoughtthatmilkhadgreathealingpower.OneofthemostfamousGreekdoctorstoldhispatientstodrinkmilktocureillness.

Formorethantwohundredyearsmostpeoplegottheirmilkfromtheirowncattleorfromanearbydairyherd.Butintimenewinventionsmadethedairyindustryabigbusiness.In1851GailBorden,founderofamilkcompany,foundawaytotakesomeofthewateroutofmilk.Thismadeitkeepmuchlonger.Fouryearslater,LouisPasteurintroducedthepasteurizationprocess.Thisprocesskilledthebacteriainmilkthatcausedittospoil.Next,aspecialmilkbottlewasdesigned.Thiswasfollowedbytheinventionofmachinesthatcouldfillbottlesandcapthemautomatically.Thesediscoverieshadagreateffectonthedairyindustry.Theymeantthatmilkcouldbestoredlonger.Itcouldbesafelyshippedoverlongdistances.Preparinganddistributingmilksoonbecamealarge-scalebusiness.Recently,inasingleyearmorethansixtybillionquartsofmilkweresoldintheUnitedStates.

SomepeoplebelievethatmilkdrinkingwillbecomelesspopularinAmericathanithasbeen.Butrememberhowlongmilkhasbeenabasicfoodandthinkofthemanywaysinwhichitisuseful.Itseemssafetosaythatthemilkindustrywillalwaysbeimportant.

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

12.Whatdidancientpeoplethinkaboutmilk?

13.Whydidmilkbecomeabigbusiness?

14.Whatinventionmademilkkeeplongerin1851?

15.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthemilkindustryinthefuture?

SectionC

Inthissection,youwillhearrecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbysomequestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Nowlistentothefollowingrecordingandanswerquestions16to19.

Fiftyyearsago,whenIbeganexploringtheocean,nooneimaginedthatwecoulddoanythingtoharmtheoceanbywhatweputintoitorbywhatwetookoutofit.Itseemed,atthattime,tobeaseaofparadise,butnowweknowthatwearefacingparadiselost.

Iwanttosharewithyoumypersonalviewofchangesintheseathataffectallofus,andtoconsiderwhyitmattersthatin50years,we'

velost---actually,we'

vetaken,we'

veeaten---morethan90percentofthebigfishinthesea;

whyyoushouldcarethatnearlyhalfofthecoralreefshavedisappeared;

whyareductionofoxygeninlargeareasofthePacificshouldconcernnotonlythecreaturesthataredying,butitreallyshouldconcernyou.Itdoesconcernyou,aswell.

Therewasstilltime.Well,nowisthattime.Ihopeforyourhelptoexploreandprotectthewildoceaninwaysthatwillrestorethehealthand,insodoing,securehopeforhumankind.Healthtotheoceanmeanshealthforus.

Forme,asascientist,itallbeganin1953whenIfirsttriedunderwaterbreathingdevice.It'

swhenIfirstgottoknowhowfishswimminginmysteriousocean.Iactuallylovedivingatnight;

youseealotoffishthenthatyoudon'

tseeinthedaytime.Sincethen,I'

vestarteddesigningandbuilding13underwatersystemstoaccessthedeepsea.Iledafive-yearNationalGeographicexpedition,theSustainableSeasexpeditions,usingtheselittlesubmarines.They'

resosimpletodrivethatevenascientistcandoit.AndI'

mlivingproof.

Overtime,mostoftheplanet'

sorganiccarbonhasbeenabsorbedandstoredthere.Theoceandrivesclimateandweather,st