人教版必修一至必修四语法大全Word文件下载.docx
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人教版必修一至必修四语法大全Word文件下载.docx
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时间
从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
(与现在事实相反)
过去式
(be:
were)
Should(would,could,might)+v
(与过去事实相反)
haddone
Should(would,could,might)+havedone
(与将来事实相反)
一般过去式
wereto+原形
should+原形
同1
Weretheytoarrive/shouldtheyarrivebeforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.
Theywouldcertainlyhavecomeandhelpedushadtheyhadtime.
Haditnotbeenformyillness,Iwouldhavelenthimahelpinghand.
8为使描绘显得生动,有些与介词同形的副词可以移到句首,谓语放到主语前面。
Incameagirl.Downflewtheeagle.代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。
Outherushed.
九、Therebe句型。
Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.
巩固练习
1.Onlywhenyouhavegotenoughdata____cometoasoundconclusion.
AcanyouByoucanCwouldyouDyouwould
2.____foodanddrinks,buttheyalsobroughtcardswhentheyhadapicnicoutside.
ANotonlybroughttheyBNotonlytheybrought
CNotonlydidtheybringDNotonlytheydidbring
3.____gotintotheroom____shefoundamanlyingontheground.
AShehardlyhad;
thenBHardlyhadshe;
when
CShehadnot;
thanDNothadshe;
4.Sohard____ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythathedeterminedtostudyEnglishwell.
AhehasfeltBhashefelt
ChedidfeelDdidhefeel
5.Thereisnoneedquarrelingwithhim,neither____noneedtalkingwithhim.
AthereisBisthereCthereareDarethere
6.OnlywhenIwasfiftyyearsold____howimportanttheEnglishis!
AhadIrealizedBIrealizedCdidIrealizeDIhadrealized
7.____,Ihaveneverseensuchbeautifulscenery.
AAslongasIhavetraveledBMuchasIhavetraveled
CNowthatIhavetraveledsomuchDAsIhavetraveledsomuch
8.____,youwouldhavegotthefirstplace.
AYouhadrunfasterthanbeforeBHadyourunfasterthanbefore
CIfyoushouldrunfasterthanbeforeDIfyouranfasterthanbefore
9.Onlyinrecentyears____beguntorealizethattheyshouldprotectwildanimals.
ApeoplehaveBsincepeoplehave
ChavepeopleDpeoplewhohave
10.“____receivedhighpayastoday”.Saidabossofthecompany.
ANeverhavesomanywomenBNeversowomenhave
CThewomenaren’teverDWomenwhohavenever
11.Notonly____difficulttostudy,butitwastoodulltolearn.
AwasitBitisCitwasDisit
12.____alittlemoretimetothink,hemighthavesucceeded.
AIfhetookBIfhehastaken
CHadhetakenDshouldhetake
13.____noairorwater,therewouldbenolifeintheworld.
AThereareBTherewasCIsthereDWerethere
14.Bynomeans____theirownlanguagewell.
AitistruethatallpeopleknowBisittruethatdoallpeopleknow
CitistruethatdoallpeopleknowDisittruethatallpeopleknow
15.____sobusy,Ishouldgowithyoutoseeourteacherinmiddleschool.
AWereInotBWasInotCIfIamnotDIwerenot
16.Onlyafterliberation____tobetreatedashumanbeings.
AdidtheslavesbeginBtheslaveshadbegunCtheslavesdidbeginDhadtheslavesbegun
17.―――Yououghttohavegiventhemsomehelp.
―――____,butitdidn’twork.
ASooughtyouBSoIought
CSodidyouDSoIdid
18.____thatevenpeopleinthenextdoorcouldhearhim.
ASoloudlydidTomspeakBSuchloudlydidTomspeak
CSoloudlyhespeakDSuchloudlyhespeak
19.Myparentshavebeenmarriedfor50yearsandnever____witheachother.
AtheyhadquarreledBtheyhavequarreled
ChavetheyquarreledDhadtheyquarreled
20.―――Youforgotyourbagwhenyouwentouttotheairport.―――MyGod,___.
AsodidIBsoIdidCIdidsoDIsodid
21.Notonly____interestedincomputerbut____beginningtoshowaninterestinit.
Aistheteacherherself;
allherstudentsareBtheteacherherselfis;
areallherstudents
Cistheteacherherself;
areallherstudentsDtheteacherherselfis;
allherstudentsare
22.Onthewall____twolargephotosofyourparentswhoweredeadfiveyearsago.
AhangBhangsChangedDhanging
23.Onlywhen____howimportanttheEnglishis.
AdidIworkIrealizedBIworkeddidIrealize
CdidIworkdidIrealizeDIworkedIrealized
24.Onlywhenherteacherscoldedher____shewaswrongtodoit.
AsherealizedBdoessherealize
CdidsherealizeDhadsherealized
25.Nosooner____homethanIfoundamanlyingontheground.
AhadIgotBIhadgotCdidIgetDIdidget
26.____,youwon’tbeabletosucceedexceptthatyourteacherhelpsyou.
ATryasyouwillBAsyouwilltry
CYouaswilltryDWillyoutryas
27.―Excuseme,Ihaveleftmybookathome,couldIuseyours?
―____.Usemine.
AHereitisBHereareyou
CHereisitDHereyouare
28.____thatalltheteachersandstudentswentouttoplayvolleyball.
ATheweathersofinewasBSofinewastheweather
CSotheweatherwasfineDSowasthefineweather
29.Themanisn’tlikeaworker,nor____ateacher.
AheislikeBhelookslikeCishelikeDdoeshelike
30.Seldom____TVduringthesummerholiday,becausetheexaminationiscoming.
AtheywatchBaretheywatching
ChadtheywatchedDdotheywatch
31.Underherarm____apairofshoesthatshehadboughtafewdaysbefore.
AwasBhadCisDthereis
32.Manyatime____toseemewhileIwasinhospitalduringtheSpringFestival.
AdidhecomeBhedidcomeChecameDcamehe
33.Inhardlyanysituation____herhappy.
AyoucanfindBthatyoucanfindCcanyoufindDyoufound
二、被动语态
1、一般将来时被动语态
1)动作发生在将来;
强调动作的承受者,或不能或无须提及动作的执行者。
The
people
of
Beijing
will
plant
more
trees
and
build
new
roads.---More
be
planted
roads
built.
They
pay
to
the
athletes.
---More
paid
encourage
children
take
exercise.
---Children
encouraged
exercises.
2)否定句:
not置于shall
/will之后。
He
not
sent
there
tomorrow.
疑问句:
疑问词+will+主语+be+过去分词+其他?
When
SARS
patient
operated
on?
By
whom
task
finished
next
week?
3)表示将来意义的被动结构还有:
1.
going
done;
2.
3.
will(shall)+get+done等。
Some
old
buildings
are
pulled
down.
The
29th
Olympic
Games
is
held
in
2008.
workers
get
before
end
December.
注意这些结构的否定式、疑问式等。
例如:
These
cut
--Are
these
down?
--Yes,
they
are.
machines
repaired
tonight.
tomorrow?
4)注意事项
在时间、条件状语从句中,应使用现在时表示将来时。
同样,应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。
says
he
leave
company
if
punished
for
this.
dam
completed,
Changjiang
River
controlled.
使用一般将来时被动语态时,学生易遗漏被动式中的be。
【误】A
film
shown
at
cinema
week.
【正】A
week.
2、现在完成时被动语态
1)现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合,即“have+been+done”。
2)肯定:
Herbikehasbeenstolen.
否定:
Thetaskhasnotbeenfinishedyet.
一般疑问句:
Hasanewcomputerbeenbought?
特殊疑问句:
Howmanybuildingshavebeenbuiltinthisschool?
3、现在进行时的被动语态:
现在进行时的被动语态表示此时此刻某事正在被做。
1)构成:
be+being+过去分词
Thecarisbeingrepaired.
Someanimalsarenotbeingprotectedwell.
Isthisbridgebeingrepairednow?
Whatisbeingdonetothemachine?
4、巩固练习
1.Hundredsofjobs________ifthefactorycloses.
A.lose.
B.willbelost.
C.arelost.
D.willlose
Wouldyouliketo_______the2008OlympicGames______inBeijing?
A.join;
hold.
B.joinin;
willbeheld.
C.takepartin;
whichwillhold.
D.takepartin;
whichwillbeheld.
3.Myuncle____untilhewasforty-five.
A.married.
B.didn’tmarry.
C.wasnotmarrying.D.wouldmarry.
4.----.Howlong_____you____?
------Forfiveyears.We_______in2001
A.have;
beenmarried;
gotmarried.
B.did;
marry;
got
married;
C.havegotmarried;
married.
D.were;
married;
married.
5.Sandycoulddonothingbut________tohisteacherthathewaswrong.
A.admit.
B.admitted
C.admitting.
D.toadmit
6.
7.Iwas______bythe_____newsofGeorge’ssuddendeath.
A.amazed;
amazing.
B.amazing;
amazed.C.upset;
surprised.
D.surprised;
upset.
8.I’msurehe______inthenewkindergarten.
A.willbetakengoodcare.
B.willbetakengoodcareofC.willtakecare
D.willtakecareof.
9.Theheadmaster,aswellassometeachersandstudents_________tovisitthesickstudentsinhos
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