完整版英语高考完形填空说明文原卷版文档格式.docx

完整版英语高考完形填空说明文原卷版文档格式.docx

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5.条理清晰

说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。

【解题技巧】

1.快速弄清文章大意

对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。

说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。

2.弄清楚说明的顺序

把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。

3.把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节

把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。

说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。

在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。

这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。

4.注重上下文语境

应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。

5.熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：

（1）上下一致。

每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。

（2）语法正确。

从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。

（3）逻辑合理。

在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。

（4）符合搭配。

英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。

Cloze1（2016·

上海卷）

体裁

文章话题

词数

建议时间

难度

自测正确率

说明文

一种新型管理理论——授权管理及其作用。

382

15分钟

★★★☆☆

Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,developedthenowfamousTheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctively1workandwilldoanythingtoavoidit.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthepotentialtofindsatisfactioninwork.

Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothe2,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.Theybelieve,3,thattheiremployeesneedconstantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfrom4withoutconsultation.This,ofcourse,makesforauthoritarian（专制的）managers.

Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysof5people.Unlikeauthoritarianmanagement,somecultures,particularlyinAsia,arewellknownfortheconsultativenatureofdecision-making—allmembersofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto6tothisprocess.Thisismanagementbythecollectiveopinion.ManywesterncompanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoingthings,whicharebasedongeneral7.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthanmenbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachcommongoalsinawaythattraditional8managerscannot.

Arecenttrendhasbeentoencourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative,tomakedecisionsontheirownwithout9managersfirst.Thisempowerment（授权）hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing:

10thenumberofmanagementlayersincompanies.Afterde-layeringinthisway,acompanymaybe11withjustatoplevelofseniormanagers,front-linemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowermenttakestheideaofdelegation（委托）muchfurtherthanhas12beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagementcontrolto13thattheoverallbusinessplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperationsbecomemoreprofitableundertheneworganization,ratherthanless.

Anothertrendisoff-siteor14management,whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbye-mailandtheInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses.Projectmanagersevaluatethe15oftheteammembersintermsofwhattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimetheyspendonthem.

1.A.desireB.seekC.loseD.dislike

2.A.contraryB.expectationC.degreeD.extreme

3.A.viceversaB.forexampleC.howeverD.otherwise

4.A.outsideB.insideC.belowD.above

5.A.replacingB.assessingC.managingD.encouraging

6.A.referB.contributeC.objectD.apply

7.A.agreementB.practiceC.electionD.impression

8.A.bossyB.experiencedC.westernD.male

9.A.askingB.trainingC.warningD.firing

10.A.doublingB.maintainingC.reducingD.estimating

11.A.honoredB.leftC.crowdedD.compared

12.A.economicallyB.traditionallyC.inadequatelyD.occasionally

13.A.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensure

14.A.virtualB.ineffectiveC.day-to-dayD.on-the-scene

15.A.opinionB.riskC.performanceD.attractiveness

Cloze2（2014·

新课标全国卷I）

各种形式的活动，如果人们经常做，都会产生厌倦情绪。

249

17分钟

Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutine（常规）basis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis　1　atworkinpeopleofall　2　.Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout　3　withtheirnewtoys.Buttheir　4　soonwearsoffandbyJanuarythose　5　toyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullof　6　stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone’s　7　interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchild　8　bathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,the　9　ofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescentsenterhighschoolwithgreat　10　butaresoonlookingforwardto　11　.Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtocollege.Andthen,howmany　12　,whonowcomplain（抱怨）aboutthelongdrivestowork,　13　droveforhoursatatimewhentheyfirst　14　theirdriver’slicenses（执照）?

Beforepeopleretire,theyusually　15　todoalotof　16　things,whichtheyneverhad　17　todowhileworking.But　18　afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey　19　.And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew　20　.

1.A.principleB.habitC.wayD.power

2.A.partiesB.racesC.countriesD.ages

3.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going

4.A.confidenceB.interestC.anxietyD.sorrow

5.A.sameB.extraC.funnyD.expensive

6.A.well-organizedB.colorfully-printedC.newly-collectedD.half-filled

7.A.broadB.passingC.differentD.main

8.A.silentlyB.impatientlyC.gladlyD.worriedly

9.A.promiseB.burdenC.rightD.game

10.A.courageB.calmnessC.confusionD.excitement

11.A.graduationB.independenceC.responsibilityD.success

12.A.childrenB.studentsC.adultsD.retirees

13.A.carefullyB.eagerlyC.nervouslyD.bravely

14.A.requiredB.obtainedC.noticedD.discovered

15.A.needB.learnC.startD.plan

16.A.greatB.strangeC.difficultD.correct

17.A.timeB.moneyC.skillsD.knowledge

18.A.onlyB.wellC.evenD.soon

19.A.lostB.choseC.leftD.quit

20.A.petsB.toysC.friendsD.colleagues

Cloze3（2012·

新课标全国卷Ⅰ）

身势语在交际中的重要性

246

18分钟

★★★★☆

Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!

Itspeaks　1　thanwords.Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore　2　thanwerealize.Infact,non-verbal（非言语）communicationtakesupabout50%ofwhatwereally3　.Andbodylanguageisparticularly　4　whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures.Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageisso　5　apartofusthatit’sactuallyoftenunnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.　6　,differentsocietiestreatthe　7　betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving　8　contact（接触）evenwithfriends,andcertainlynotwith　9　.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries,　10　,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it’spossiblethatin　11　,itmaylooklikeaLatinois　12　aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving　13　.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep　14　—whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas　15　.

Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople　16　.Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhenpartiesarefrom　17　cultures,there’sastrongpossibilityof　18　.Butwhateverthesituation,thebest　19　istoobeytheGoldenRule:

treatothersasyouwouldliketobe　20　.

1.A.straighterB.louderC.harderD.further

2.A.soundsB.invitationsC.feelingsD.messages

3.A.hopeB.receiveC.discoverD.mean

4.A.immediateB.misleadingC.importantD.difficult

5.A.wellB.farC.muchD.long

6.A.ForexampleB.ThusC.HoweverD.Inshort

7.A.tradeB.distanceC.connectionsD.greetings

8.A.eyeB.verbalC.bodilyD.telephone

9.A.strangersB.relativesC.neighboursD.enemies

10.A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhand

C.inasimilarwayD.byallmeans

11.A.troubleB.conversationC.silenceD.experiment

12.A.disturbingB.helpingC.guidingD.following

13.A.closerB.fasterC.inD.away

14.A.steppingforwardB.goingonC.backingawayD.comingout

15.A.weaknessB.carelessnessC.friendlinessD.coldness

16.A.talkB.travelC.laughD.think

17.A.differentB.EuropeanC.LatinoD.rich

18.A.curiosityB.excitement

C.misunderstandingD.nervousness

19.A.chanceB.timeC.resultD.advice

20.A.noticedB.treatedC.respectedD.pleased

Cloze1（2019•广东省广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试）

话题

参考用时

正确率

发射卫星的意义

313

16分钟

AlwayswishedtheEarthhadasecondmoon？

Thenyouwillbe　1　tohearthattheChengduAerospaceScienceInstitutehasplanstolaunchmultipleminimoonsoverthenextfewyears.

Similartoour　2　satellite，thelightoftheartificialorb球体willbeobtainedfromthesunand　　3　　toEarthbyitsmirror﹣likecoating.Accordingtoitsdesigners,the　4　oflightbeingreflectedcanbecontrolledfromEarthandthelightcanevenbe　5　,ifnecessary.

Whilethemultipleminimoonswillcertainlyappearpicturesque，th