牛津英语八年级下册知识点梳理汇总Word格式文档下载.docx
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牛津英语八年级下册知识点梳理汇总Word格式文档下载.docx
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5.playcardsandChinesechess打牌、下象棋,e.g.It’spleasanttoplaycardsandChinesechess.
6.waterpollution水污染→airpollution空气污染,noisepollution噪音污染(p9)
〈知识〉Waterpollutionwasaproblembefore.
7.usedtodumpitswasteintowater→usedtodosth过去常做某事,注意否定式、疑问式的形式
〈知识〉⑴usedtodosth→否定式usednottodosth或didn’tusetodosth→疑问式Didsbusetodosth"
或Usedsbtodosth"
⑵Therebe和usedto合用的形式为Thereusedtobe。
根据要求进行句型转换:
Sheusedtoteachhistory.①否定式:
Sheusedteachhistory.或Shedidn’tteachhistory.②疑问式:
sheteachhistory"
或Didsheteachhistory"
〈用法拓展〉⑴beusedtodosth=beusedfordoingsth被用于做某事,e.g.Stampsareusedtosendletters.=Stampsareusedforsendingletters.⑵be/bee/getusedtosth习惯于某事,be/bee/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事,e.g.①Mygrandmausedtoliveinthecitybutnowshehasgotusedtothecountrylife.②Tomisusedtogettingupearly.
8.insomeways在某种程度上;
在某些方面→inthisway以这种方式
9.feelabitlonelyfromtimetotime→fromtimetotime=attimes=sometimes有时;
不时地
〈知识〉⑴abit+形容词原级或比较级=alittle+形容词原级或比较级,有点…
⑵abitof+不可数名词=alittle+不可数名词e.g.abitofwater=alittlewater
〈用法拓展〉notalittle=very非常,notabit=not…atall一点也不
10.throwaway扔掉…→“动词+副词”结构,e.g.throwit/themaway
11.haveaninterviewwithsb=interviewsb采访某人;
对某人面试;
与某人面谈(p12)
〈知识〉①Myparentshavehadaninterviewwithmyteacher.②Theyinterviewed20peopleforthejob.③Thereareanumberofinterviewswithsomefamousfootballplayers.
12.thebestmodelIhaveeverseen我曾见过的最好的模型(p17)
〈知识〉the+形容词最高级+名词单数+sbhave/haseverdone,某人曾做过的最…的…
themostwonderfulfilm(that)hehaseverwatched他看过的最精彩的比赛
〈用法拓展〉⑴ever通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。
e.g.①Have/Hassbeverdonesth"
②Nobodyeversteppedinthiscavern.没人曾经踏进过这洞穴。
⑵eversince…自从…起到现在(用于现在完成时),forever=forever永远;
永久地
13.moveintothenewflats→moveinto…搬进…,moveoutof…搬出…(p18)
14.lendmeabook→lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借给某人,是“借出”。
〈知识〉borrowsthfromsb向某人借某物,是“借入”。
15.arecentphoto一*近期照片,writeaboutthechangestoMoonlightTown(p21)
16.atouristattraction旅游胜地→attractionn.吸引;
向往的地方→attractvt.吸引→attractive有吸引力的①Ithasbeeanewtouristattraction.②Hepburn’sbeautyandcharmattractedColette’sattention.
㈡词汇解析
1.常见的交通工具:
bike/bicycle,bus,double-decker双层巴士,coach长途汽车,tram有轨电车,ta*i,train,underground,lightrail轻轨,plane,hot-airballoon热气球,aerodone滑翔机
2.Usingadictionary:
Thewordsinadictionaryareinalphabeticalorderfrom“A”to“Z”.Thishelpsusfindthewordswewantquickly.Iftwowordsstartswiththesameletter,welookatthesecondlettertodecidethealphabeticalorder.Ifthefirsttwolettersoftwowordsarethesame,welookatthethirdletter,andsoon.e.g.Theword“ball”esbeforetheword“banana”.
3.century=onehundredyears世纪;
百年。
⑴某世纪用序数词。
如:
21世纪thetwenty-firstcentury。
⑵“在某世纪”用介词in,如:
inthe20thcentury在20世纪。
二.【重点句型】
1.—Eddie,haveyouseenmyfood"
—Yes,I’vejusteatenit.(p6)
2.You’vechanged,Eddie.Youwerekind.Nowyou’renot.Idon’twanttoplaywithyouanymore.
3.You’vechangedtoo.Youalwayswantedtoplaywithme.→always+过去式=usedtodosth
4.Coacheshavebeeninuse/serviceinBeijingsince1958.→havebeeninuse=havebeenused
5.ImovedherewithmyfamilywhenIwastwoyearsoldandhavelivedheresincethen.(p8)
6.Haveyouevermovedhouse"
→movehouse搬家
7.Welivedtill1965,whenIgotmarried.→getmarried结婚→get/bemarriedtosb与某人结婚
〈知识〉⑴marrysb与某人结婚,e.g.Shemarriedafootballplayer.⑵marrysbtosb把某人嫁给某人,e.g.Hemarriedhisdaughtertoanactor.⑶get/bemarriedtosb和某人结婚,e.g.YaoMinggotmarriedtoYeLion6August,2007.⑷表示“已经结婚”用have/hasgotmarried,表示“已经结婚多久”用have/hasbeenmarriedfor+时间段或since+时间点。
e.g.①Theyhavegotmarried.②Theyhavebeenmarriedfor5years.不能说成Theyhavegotmarriedfor5years.
〈用法拓展〉marriagen.婚姻e.g.Theywillcelebratetheirfiftyyearsofmarriagene*tmonth.
8.HasSunshineTownchangedalotovertheyears"
→changealot变化大
〈知识〉overtheyears=inthelast/pastyears这些年来,这是现在完成时的一个标志。
9.Thereoncewasashoefactory….→Thereoncewas/were…=Oncetherewas/were…从前有…。
10.Later,thegovernmentrealizeditwasaveryseriousproblemandtookactiontoreducethepollution.→takeactiontodosth采取行动做某事,reducethepollution减少污染(p9)
〈知识〉⑴action①(拍摄影视时用语)开始②动作,e.g.actionfilm动作片,actionstar动作明星
⑵averyseriousproblem非常严重的问题→problem(需要着手解决的)问题;
难题,question(需要回答的)问题e.g.solveaMathsproblem,answermyquestion
11.Itisdifferentforhimtoseesomeofthemasoftenasbefore.(p12)
〈知识〉⑴Itis+adj.+forsbtodosth.⑵asoftenasbefore像以前一样经常→as…as…
12.Thingshavechangedalotovertheyears.=Greatchangeshavetakenplaceovertheyears.
13.WhenIwasinprimaryschool,mymothertookmetoschool.→takesbtoschool送某人上学
14.Ihavethesamefeelingtoo.Doyousometimesstayafterschooltochatwithfriends"
(p19)
15.ThechangestoMoonlightTownhavebroughtadvantages,buttheyhavealsocausedmanyproblemsforpeople.(p22)
〈知识〉⑴bringadvantagesto…给…带来好处,advantage优点;
有利条件→disvantage缺点;
不利条件⑵causeproblemsfor…给…带来麻烦
Unit2
㈠重点短语
1.goonatriptoSouthHill→goonatripto…去某地旅游(p24)
2.takeyououtforafewdays带你出去玩几天→takesbout带某人出去
3.gohiking,goskiing→go+v-ing去做某事,see/enjoythebeautifulview观看/欣赏美景(p25)
4.asymbolofJapan→thesymbolof…的象征,e.g.Redisthesymbolofdanger.红色是危险的象征。
5.haveareallyfantastictime=haveagood/great/wonderfultime=havefun=enjoyoneself(p26)
6.attheentrance在入口处→atthee*it在出口处
7.moveathighspeed高速运转→ataspeedof…以…的速度,ataspeedof100kmanhour
8.screamandlaughthroughthewholeride→through从物体的内部穿过
9.afastfoodrestaurant快餐店→fastfood快餐,国际著名快餐店:
KFC肯德基,McDonald’s麦当劳
10.clapandstreamwithjoy高兴地拍手尖叫→介词短语withjoy相当于副词修饰动词。
(p27)
11.watchathree-Dfilm,watchfireworks,lookshinyandbeautifulunderthefireworks
12.inall总共;
共计→firstofall首先
13.screamwithe*citement兴奋地尖叫→withe*citement=e*citedly激动地;
兴奋地(p28)
〈知识〉e*cite→e*cited兴奋的→e*citing令人兴奋的;
扣人心弦的;
刺激的→e*citementn.激动,兴奋→withe*citement=e*citedly,bee*citedabout(doing)sth对…兴奋
14.areallydelightfulholidayandameaningfule*perience一个高兴的假期、一次有意义的经历
〈知识〉e*perience⑴n.(C)经历;
e.g.Hehadapleasante*perienceinHongKonglastyear.
⑵n.(U)经验→e*periencedadj.经验丰富的,havee*periencein(doing)sth=bee*periencedin(doing)sth在某方面有经验,e.g.①Hehase*perienceinteachingEnglish.=Heise*periencedinteachingEnglish.②DrMahasmuche*perienceineyeoperations.=DrMaise*periencedineyeoperations.③ChowYunFatisane*periencedactor.Hehasactedinmanyactionfilms.
15.buyagiftformyparents→buysthforsb=buysbsth(gift比present高雅)(p33)
16.travelabroad到国外旅游→goabroad出国,e.g.Hehasgoneabroadforfurtherstudies.(p35)
17.duringthisMayDayholiday在“五一”假期里→during是介词,后面不能接句子。
18.threeandahalfhours三个半小时→one/anhour一小时,halfanhour半小时→oneandahalfhours一个半小时,twoandahalfhours两个半小时(p38)
19.haveabird’s-eyeviewofHongKong→haveabird’s-viewof…鸟瞰;
俯视
20.amoderncityoftallbuildingswithlightsshiningintheevening高楼林立、灯火辉煌的现代化城市→withlightsshining作后置定语,lights与shining是主动关系。
〈用法拓展〉Hesleepswithwindowsclosed.
21.theculturalcentreofHongKong**的文化中心→theculturalcentre文化中心
〈知识〉culturen.文化→culturaladj.文化的e.g.①popularculture大众文化②Veniceisabeautifulcityfullofcultureandhistory.威尼斯是一座具有深厚文化和历史底蕴的美丽城市。
〈用法拓展〉nature→natural,centre→central
22.agoodplacetobuythings,enjoythatdaymost,havegreatfun,aseafoodrestaurant,dessertsandsnacks,enjoyourtriptoHongKong
1.populartouristattractions(旅游胜地):
MountFuji富士山,theGreatWall,theLeaningTowerofPisa比萨斜塔,theLittleMermaid小美人鱼,theStatueofLiberty自由女神像,theTowerBridge伦敦塔桥,BigBen大本钟,theGrandPalace(泰国)大王宫,thePattayaBeach(泰国)芭堤雅海滩,OceanPark(**)海洋公园,WindowoftheWorld(**)世界之窗。
(p25)
2.HongKongDisneyland(**迪士尼乐园)的四大主题公园(themepark):
MainStreetUSA(美国小镇大街),Tomorrowland(明日世界),Fantasyland(幻想世界),Adventureland(探险世界)。
3.⑴cheerful→cheerless,colourful→colourless,careful→careless,hopeful→hopeless
meaningful→meaningless,helpful→helpless,harmful→harmless,useful→useless
⑵delightful,wonderful,successful⑶endless,noiseless=quiet
1.Itmustbefun.CanIjoinyou"
一定很有趣。
我能和你一起去吗?
(p24)
〈知识〉⑴情态动词must(表示推测)一定,用于肯定句,反义词:
can’t不可能。
may可能,maynot可能不。
Probably,Perhaps,Maybe都是副词,通常用于句首。
⑵joinsb和某人一起做某事,e.g.KittyjoinedthemintheDisneyparade.
2.Ihaven’tseenyousincelastmonth.→see是瞬间动词(p26)
〈知识〉瞬间动词与表示一段时间的词同时出现在现在完成时的否定句中,不能变为延续性动词。
3.ImetmanyofmyfavouriteDisneycharacters,suchasSleepingBeauty,SnowWhite,AliceandCinderella,MickeyMouseandallhisfriendswerealltheretoo.
4.Icouldn’tstoptakingphotoswiththem.→can’t/couldn’tstopdoingsth禁不住做某事
〈知识〉can’t/couldn’thelpdoingsth禁不住做某事,can’t/couldn’twaittodosth迫不及待做某事。
〈用法拓展〉stopdoingsth停止做某事,stoptodosth停下来去做某事。
5.Theperformersallworedifferentcostumesandwavedtopeoplewhiletheymarchedacrossthepark,singinganddancingalltheway.→alltheway一路上(p27)
〈知识〉⑴wavetosb向某人招手/挥手→waven.波;
波浪⑵marchacross…迈步穿越…
⑶singinganddancingalltheway是现在分词短语,作伴随状态。
6
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