SpatialPlanningSystemofNationalTerritoryinJapanChinaandKoreaWord文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:19872479
- 上传时间:2023-01-11
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:4
- 大小:18.06KB
SpatialPlanningSystemofNationalTerritoryinJapanChinaandKoreaWord文档格式.docx
《SpatialPlanningSystemofNationalTerritoryinJapanChinaandKoreaWord文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《SpatialPlanningSystemofNationalTerritoryinJapanChinaandKoreaWord文档格式.docx(4页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Abstract:
ThisstudyconductedthenationalterritoryplanningsystemofJapan,ChinaandKorea,onapremisetodiscusspossibilityofintegratedspatialplanningofEasternAsia.Thepurposeofthisstudyistoarrangemajorspatialplansofthreecountriesaccordingtoclassificationofurbanandnon-urbanarea,andtoclarifyingroleofeachspatialplan.。
Asaresult,Korea,thesmallestcountryamongthreecountries,hasonesystemonlanduse,developmentandconservation,consideringwholenationalterritorytobeonecityplanningarea,andaroleandrelationofeachspatialplaniscomparativelyclear.Ontheotherhand,China,thelargestcountryamongthreecountries,althougharoleandrelationofeachspatialplanareclearinurbanarea,ageneralrecognitionfornecessityofnon-urbanareaplanningisweak.IncaseofJapan,thecharacteristicsthatthespatialplanningsystemisconsistedonthedivisionintourbanareaandnon-urbanarea,isverysimilartoChina,andthereishardlyrelationbetweenthesetwokindsofspatialplanning.
Keywords:
Nationalterritoryplan;
Japan;
China;
Korea;
Spatialplanning;
EasternAsiaCommunity.
RecentlyitisfrequentlydiscussedontheEasternAsiaCommunity.Thisisstillmainlyfocusedontheeconomy,butinenvironmentalaspectwealsohavesomecommonseriousproblems,e.g.sustainabledevelopment,bio-diversity,outstandinglandscape/natureconservation,balanceddevelopmentoftownandcountry,culturalassetsconservation/utilizationandseveralenvironmentalproblems.Inordertosettlethesesubjects,itisimportantnotonlytochallengebyeachcountrybutalsotoprepareacommonframeworkforcomprehensivespatialplanningcoveringwholeeasternAsia..
ThisstudywasdonetoclarifythesimilaritiesanddifferencesofnationalterritoryplanningsystemofJapan,ChinaandKoreaasafirststeptodiscussonthesubjectsandpossibilitiesofcomprehensiveEasternAsianspatialplanning.UntilnowthenationalterritoryplanningsystemofJapanandKoreahavealreadybeenstudied,butthecomparativestudybetweenthreecountriesincludingChinafromtheviewpointofspatialplanninghasneverseenbefore.Weusedmainlyrelatedliteraturesonplanningsystemandgovernment'
sofficialwebsitesofeachcountrytoclarifythepurposesofthisstudy.Andweclassifiedeachcountry'
smajorspatialplansintofourcategories,national,regional,urbanareaandnon-urbanarea,anddiscussedontheverticalandhorizontalrelationbetweenthem.
1NationalTerritoryPlanningSystemofJapan
TheComprehensiveNationalDevelopmentAct(1950),LandUsePlanningAct(1974)andCityPlanningAct(1968)supportJapanesemajorspatialplanning(Table1).TheseareallunderthejurisdictionoftheMinistryofLand,infrastructureandTransport.TheCNDPprovidestong-rangevisionsonnation-widelanduse,developmentandconservation,socialoverheadcapital,andatrafficpolicy.Accordingthisplan,theCPDPandMLParetobeprepared.ThePlansprovidedbyLandUsePlanningActincludesNLPandPLPontheperspectiveofeffectivenationallanduseandLUMPthatclassifiedprefecturallanduseintofiveareas(town,agriculture,forest,naturalparkandnaturalconservationarea).Fig.1showsthattherearemaintwospatialplansbytwoactsatnationalandregionallevel,buttherelationandarolesharingbetweentheactsandplans.Representativeplansofurbanareaandnon-urbanareaaretheMLPbyLandUsePlanningActandtheCPbyCityPlanningAct,buttherelationbetweenthetwoisnotclearandactuallytheonlyCPplaysakeyroletocontrollanduse.itisclearthattheJapanesenationalterritoryplanningisdividedintoNLPandCPandtheroleofregionalplanningisrelativelysmall.Thereforetheareathatiscloselycoveredbymainthreeactsisonly'
cityplanningarea'
theothernon-urbanareaisdependedonotherrelatedacts(Fig.1).TheareaclassificationbyLUMPsupportscompetentministriesandacts,andseparateplansareappliedtoeacharea.Inotherwords,onemaysaythattheJapanesenationalterritoryplanningstressestheurbanareas'
plansandinnon-urbanareasthereisnocomprehensiveplanthatunifiestherelatedplans(Fig.1)andaframe/roleofregionalplanningisrelativelyweak.
2.NationalTerritoryPlanningSystemofChina
TheLandManagementAct(1986),CityPlanningAct(1989),andtheVillageandCountryPlanningRegulations(1993)supportChinesemajorspatialplanning.ThecompetentministriesareclassifiedintotheMinistryofLandandResources,theMinistryofConstruction,andtheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommission.UndertheLandManagementActtheadministrativeauthorities(upperlevelofprefecture)preparetheCNLUPtoclassifythefuturelanduseandcontrol,toregulatenetvolumeofconstructionsite,andtoprotectfarmlands.UndertheCityPlanningAct,theNTCPprovidesalong-rangehierarchyofcities'
populationsizeandcityplanningareainthewholenationalterritoryfromthecomprehensivestrategicviewpointofeconomicalandsocialdevelopmentinharmonywithresourcesandecologicalenvironment.TheCPisconstitutedwithComP(indicatesthefuturedevelopmentdirectionandlanduseofadministrativeunitsupperlevelofprefecture),DP(whichispreparedinthedistrictarea),andDeP(providesotherdetailitems).TheVCPprovidesvillageandcountry'
sdevelopmentdirectionandplacementplanofproductionandlifefacilitiessuchastransport,disasterprevention,commerceandgreening,etc.,enhancinglocalidentity.TheRPisawideareaplanningofaneconomiccommunitycoveringpluraladministrativeunitstoharmonizeeconomicaldevelopmentandresourcesmanagementlikeas'
TheYangtzeRiverDeltaAreaPlan'
.Thisplanhaspossibilitytoplayaroleofwidearea(theoreticallywholenationalarea)adjustmentbeyondawallbetweenadministrativeareastargetingaplanofcitysize,transportnetworking,utilization,developmentandconservationofresources,etc.,butitissaidthepowerandmanagementbaseasaspatialplanarerelativelyweak。
BythewayintheletterofeachactitisprescribedthattheVCPhastoadjustitselftoCPandCLUP,andtheCFhastoadjustitselftotheCLUPandRP,butactuallyfalsesettinghasoccurredfrequentlybecauseofadifficultiesofplanningadjustmentbetweendifferentministriesandunclearshareoftherolebetweentheseplans.Ontheotherhand,theadministrativeauthoritiesupperlevelofprefecturehasaresponsibilitytoprepareeachplan,thusitissaidthatthereismuchrepetitionofaplan,however,thealmostwholenationalterritory(bothurbanareasandnon-urbanareas)iscloselycoveredbytheseCPandVCP(Table1).
Asaresult,inthenationalterritory.planningtherearesimilarplanningconceptsasmuchasthenumberofcompetentministries,possibilitytobecomearepetitionplanishigh.Thisplanningsystemmakecoveringbothtownandcountryareahasalreadybeenestablished,buteachplanistendtobeboundtoanadministrativeauthority,thereforeageneralideasuchasRPisneedtospread,thatcanadjustthemattersinwideareacoveringsomeprovincesandinmediumareacoveringsomecitiesandprefectures.
3NationalTerritoryPlanningSystemofKorea
TheKoreansystemissimplerthantheJapaneseandtheChineseone,reflectingsmallnationalterritory.MajorspatialplanningrelatedactsaretheFrameworkActofNationalTerritory(2002)andtheActonPlanningandUseofNationalTerritory(2002),andthecompetentauthorityistheMinistryofConstructionandTransportonly.Plansprovidedbythesetwoactscompletelyshareinresponsibility.TheCNTPprovidesfundamentalandlong-rangepoliciesonthenation/region/municipality'
sdevelopmentdirectionandfutureimage,utilizationandmanagementoflandresources,disasterpreventionandenvironmentalconservationandimprovement,etc.TheRP(providedbytheActonPlanningandUseofNationalTerritory),whichiscomprehensiveplancoveringwidearea(thatissetifnecessary)toextendtoseveralcitiesandcounties,aimstoshareinresponsibilityofurbanfunctionsatwidescale,openspaceplanning,environmentalplanning,andlandscapeplanning.TheCP(coveringurbanareas)andtheCoP(coveringnon-urbanofareas)arethelong-rangecomprehensivespatialplanning,andbothplansconsistofamasterplanandamanagementplan.TheCMPandCOMPprovidedirectionandaimsoflanduse,developmentandconservationandtheCMaFandtheCoMaPconductamanagementofthem.ConsistencybetweenplansishighbecauseofaStrlcttopandbottomrelation.TherelationbetweentheCoPandotherrelatedacts(byotherministries)areclear,too.InadditiontheCPandCoPareinthehigherpositionofspatialplanningsystemincompetentadministrativearea,andtheyfunctionasanintegratedplanninginacityoracounty.AsasmallcountryKorea,toapplyingdifferentplanningsystemtotownsideandcountrysideratherbroughtanenvironmentorlandscapeimpoverishmentinnon-urbanareas,thusitbecamepossibletoapplytechniqueofcityplanningtoanon-urbanareaunderestablishmentofnewactsof2002.
AsaresulttheKoreanplanningsystembecamesimplestructure,butthestrictrelationBetweenahigherplanandalowerplanmaybringstandardizationandstiffeningofplanning.thereforeitbecomebasicsubjectshowtosurpassthesimplewayofthinkingofcityplanningsystem,howtoapplyotherrelatedplansandlocalandnationalidentityintoplans,andhowtointegrate/useeffectivelyministries'
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Spatial Planning System of National Territory in JapanChina and Korea
链接地址:https://www.bdocx.com/doc/19872479.html