听力原文Word文档格式.docx
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听力原文Word文档格式.docx
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tyoubealittlemorecautious?
I'
msosorry.Itwasanaccident.Noneedtobefurious!
You'
realwayssoclumsy,Jack.I'
mreallylosingmypatiencewithallthestupidmistakesyoumakearoundtheoffice.
Calmdown,Maria;
I'
llcertainlybemorecarefulnexttime.Thiswasjustanaccident.
Ifyouaren'
tmorecareful,thennexttimesomeonecouldbebadlyhurt.Oh,look!
Theglassintheboxisallbrokennow.Mr.Johnsonisgoingtoflyintoarage.
Ohno!
WhatcanIdotokeephimfromhittingtheroof?
Well,youcanbeginbyhelpingmecleanupthemessandthenhonestlytellhimaboutyourmistake.
MaybeifIoffertopayforthedamage,hewon'
tbesoangry.Whatdoyouthink?
Thatmighthelpsolvetheproblem,thoughitcouldbequiteexpensivetoreplaceit.
Well,I'
mwillingtodowhatittakestokeepMr.Johnsonfromexploding.Ineedtokeepmyjob!
Keys:
ACDCB
Task2
causesofdepression
Hello,everyone.TodayIinviteyoutojoinmeinanexplorationofthecausesofdepression.Therearemanyfactorsinvolved,butIbelievesomedeservespecialattention.
Hereditycertainlyplaysarole.Thetendencytodevelopdepressionmaybeinherited;
thereisevidencethatthisdisordermayruninfamilies.
Physiologyisanotherfactorrelatedtodepression.Theremaybechangesorimbalancesinchemicalswhichtransmitinformationinthebrain,calledneurotransmitters.Manymodernantidepressantdrugsattempttoincreaselevelsofcertainneurotransmitterssoastoincreasebraincommunication.Whilethecausalrelationshipisunclear,itisknownthatantidepressantmedicationsdorelievecertainsymptomsofdepression.
Researchersalsostudypsychologicalfactors.Theyincludethecomplexdevelopmentofone'
spersonalityandhowonehaslearnedtocopewithexternalenvironmentalfactors,suchasstress.Itisfrequentlyobservedthatlowself-esteemandself-defeatingthinkingareconnectedwithdepression.Whileitisnotclearwhichisthecauseandwhichistheeffect,itisknownthatsuffererswhoareabletomakecorrectionstotheirthinkingpatternscanshowimprovedmoodandself-esteem.
Anotherfactorcausingdepressionisone'
searlyexperiences.Eventssuchasthedeathofaparent,thedivorceoftheparents,neglect,chronicillness,andseverephysicalabusecanincreasethelikelihoodofdepressionlaterinlife.
Somepresentexperiencesmayalsoleadtodepression.Jobloss,financialdifficulties,longperiodsofunemployment,thelossofaspouseorotherfamilymember,orotherpainfuleventsmaytriggerdepression.Long-termstressathome,work,orschoolcanalsobeinvolved.
Itisworthnotingthatthoselivingwithsomeonesufferingfromdepressionexperienceincreasedanxiety,whichaddstothepossibilityoftheiralsobecomingdepressed.
(1)families
(2)chemicals(3)information(4)certainsymptoms(5)self-esteem(6)thinkingpatterns(7)mood(8)divorce(9)physicalabuse(10)financialdifficulties(11)stress(12)anxiety
Task3happinessindex
Australianswerethehappiestpeopleintheworldaccordingtoasurveyundertakenbytwomarketresearchers.Theyconducted
door-to-doorsurveysandinterviewswithnearly30,000peoplein30countries.Theyaskedrespondentshowsatisfiedtheywerewiththeiroverallqualityoflife.Forty-sixpercentofAustraliansproclaimedtobe"
veryhappy"
andexpressedoptimismabouttheirfuture.Followingtheminthe"
groupwastheUSA(40percent),Egypt(36percent),India(34percent)andtheUKandCanada(32percent).Hungarygotthewoodenspoon,finishingbottomofthehappinesschart.Thirty-fivepercentofitscitizenssaidtheywereeither"
disappointed"
or"
veryunhappy"
followedbyRussiansat30percent.
Theresearchdemonstratedthatmoneyandagewerekeydeterminantsinhowhappypeopleare.Althoughthestudydidnotindicatemoneycouldbuyhappiness,itdidrevealalinkbetweenalackofmoneyandunhappiness.Lesshappypopulationswerefoundamonglower-incomegroupsortheunemployed.
Thestudyalsosuggestedthatonthewhole,theolderwebecome,thelesshappyweare.Globally,teenagersarethehappiestpeople.Theagegroupwiththelowestlevelsofhappinesswas50-59.Only16percentofthoseintheir50ssaidtheywereveryhappy.
Thefactorsthatmakeushappyincludegoodhealth,financialsecurityandahappymarriage.Materialcomfortssuchascars,clothesandgadgetsrankedcomparativelylow.
BDAAC
Let’sTalk
WhenIfirstmetmyparents,Iwasreallyshy,andIwas,andIwasinmyfosterhomeandIranupstairs,shy,andIwasinmybedroomcrying,andmymumcameupandsaid,"
OhWilliam,areyouOK?
"
andIignoredmymum,'
causeIdidn'
tknowherandIwasscared.So,thenmyfostermumcameupandIcamedownandwehadsomefuntime.ItwasnicewhenIfirstarrived.Ithought,"
Ohgoody,twosisters,Icanplaywiththem."
Butnowit'
sjust,"
Ohno,notthemagain!
Iarguewithoneofmysistersaboutherrabbits,'
causeshedoesn'
tletmetouchthem.Wellshedoes,but...
WhenIhaveabitofabadtimewithmysister,Igoandspeakwithmymumandmydad.Ifeelmostcomfortablespeakingtomydadaboutallmyworriesandstuff.IwishIhadabrotherinthisfamily,butthenit'
sjustnice(being...)havingtwosisters,butI'
dratherhaveabrotheranyway.Imixwithdifferentpeople.I'
mmostlyfriendswithadults,'
causeInormallyseeadultsmorethanchildrenforsomereason,Idon'
tknowwhy.Itwasscarygoingfrommyprimaryschooltosecondaryschool,butthenthat'
sjustmegrowingup,andI'
vegottotakethechancesandtake,justtakewhatI'
velearnedalreadyandjustmoveonandlearndifferentthings.
(1)shy
(2)crying(3)scared(4)camedown(5)fun(6)nice(7)twosisters(8)argue(9)touch(10)badtime(11)speak(12)comfortable(13)brother(14)adults(15)children(16)secondary(17)growing
up(18)learn
FurtherListeningandSpeaking
Task1:
BigJohniscoming!
AbarownerintheOldWestjusthiredatimidbartender.Theowneroftheestablishmentwasgivinghisnewemployeesomeinstructionsonrunningtheplace.Hetoldthetimidman,"
IfyoueverhearthatBigJohniscomingtotown,dropeverythingandrunforthehills!
He'
sthebiggest,nastiestoutlawwho'
severlived!
Afewweekspasseduneventfully.Butoneafternoon,alocalcowhandcamerunningthroughtownyelling,"
BigJohniscomingtotown!
Runforyourlives!
Whenthebartenderleftthebartostartrunning,hewasknockedtothegroundbyseveraltownspeoplerushingoutoftown.Ashewaspickinghimselfup,hesawalargeman,almostsevenfeettall.Hewasmuscular,andwasgrowlingasheapproachedthebar.
Hesteppeduptothedoor,orderedthepoorbartenderinside,anddemanded,"
IwantabeerNOW!
Andwithonestrikeofhisheavyfist,hesplitthebarinhalf.Thebartendernervouslyhandedthebigmanabeer,handsshaking.Hetookthebeer,bitthetopofthebottleoff,anddownedthebeerinonegulp.
Astheterrifiedbartenderhidbehindthebar,thebigmangotuptoleave."
Doyouwantanotherbeer?
thebartenderaskedinatremblingvoice.
Dangit,Idon'
thavetime!
thebigmanyelled."
Igottogetoutoftown!
Didn'
tyouhearBigJohniscoming?
Reasonandemotion
Emotionissometimesregardedastheoppositeofreason,asissuggestedbyphrasessuchas"
appealtoemotionsratherthanreason"
and"
don'
tletyouremotionstakeover"
.Emotionalreactionssometimesproduceconsequencesorthoughtswhichpeoplemaylaterregretordisagreewith;
butduringanemotionalstate,theycannotcontrolthemselves.Thus,itisgenerallybelievedthatoneofthemostdistinctivefactsabouthumanbeingsisthecontradictionbetweenemotionandreason.
However,recentempiricalstudiesdonotsuggestthatthereisacleardistinctionbetweenreasonandemotion.Indeed,angerorfearcanoftenbethoughtofasaninstinctiveresponsetoobservedfacts.Thehumanmindpossessesmanypossiblereactionstotheexternalworld.Thosereactionscanlieonacontinuum,withsomeoftheminvolvingtheextremeofpureintellectuallogic,whichisoftencalled"
cold"
andothersinvolvingtheextremeofpureemotionnotrelatedtoanylogicalargument,whichiscalled"
theheatofpassion"
.Therelationbetweenlogicandemotionmeritscarefulstudy.Passion,emotion,orfeelingcanreinforceanargument,evenonebasedprimarilyonreason.Thisisespeciallytrueinreligionorideology,whichfrequentlydemandsanall-or-nothingrejectionoracceptance.Insuchareasofthought,humanbeingshavetoadoptacomprehensiveviewpartlybackedbyempiricalargumentandpartlybyfeelingandpassion.Moreover,severalresearchershavesuggestedthattypicallythereisno"
pure"
decisionorthought;
thatis,nothoughtisbased"
purely"
onintellectuallogicor"
onemotion—mostdecisionsarefoundedonamixtureofboth.
Key:
ABCCD
Task3Everycloudhasasilverlining
Pat:
Youlookdepressed.Areyoufeelingblue?
vecometocheeryouup.
Ted:
Butthere'
snothingthatcancheermeup.I'
mdowninthedumps.Life'
smiserable.
Youhavetotrytogetyourmindoffthings.
ButIcan'
t.Ijustfeelthere'
stoomuchpressureonmesometimes!
Youcan'
tletthingsgetyoudown.Learntorelaxandstopworryingallthetime.What'
syourproblemanyway?
Ifailedmylastexam,andanotherexamiscoming.WhatcanIdo?
IfIwereyou,
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