限定词的具体分类和用法详解Word文档格式.docx
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限定词的具体分类和用法详解Word文档格式.docx
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1)能与三类名词搭配的限定词主要有the;
my,John’s,theoldman’s…;
some,any,no,all,other,such,what(ever),which(ever),whose…
eg.thebook----thebooks----themoney,
mybook----mybooks----mymoney
John’sbook---John’sbooks----John’smoney
2)能与单数名词搭配的限定词。
a(n),each,every,another,either,one,neither,manya,sucha(n)…
eg.eachworker,everystudent,eitherbook,anotherbook3)能与复数名词搭配的限定词。
both,two,anothertwo(three),many,(a)few,several,these,those,a(great)numberof…如:
twogirls,(a)fewwords,severalstudents
4)能与不可数名词搭配的限定词,如:
abitof,alargeamountof,agreatdealof,(a)little
much,less,(the)least…
abitofwater,alargeamountofmoney,muchnoise
5)能与单复数名词搭配的限定词。
thefirst,thesecond,thelast,thenext,theother…
thefirstrose,thefirstroses,thelastman,thelastmen
thenextmeeting,thenextmeetings,manyaship,many
ships…
注意:
用了manya+单数可数名词作主语,尽管是复数意义,其后的动词还是要用单数形式。
6)能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词。
如(the)least,this,that…
theleastknowledge,this/thatwork,this/thatjob
7)能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词。
alotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,more,most,such,other….如:
alotofbooks,alotofmoney,lotsofchairs,lotsoffood,suchmen,suchbread…
Ex:
下面的练习,要求注意限定词与三类名词的搭配关系。
1.Whyisthere___trafficonthestreetsinFebruarythaninMay?
A.lessB.fewerC.fewD.little
2.Onaccountofthetyphoon____shipmentwillarrive
thisweek.
A.neitherB.allC.bothD.these
3.Theypaid___moneyforthemachinethanIexpected.
A.littleB.lessC.muchD.fewer
4.Therearetreeson___sideofthestreet.
A.suchaB.bothC.someD.each
5.Haveyougot___copiestogoround?
A.theotherB.enoughC.alittleD.much
6.Isaw___carsoutsidethebuilding.
A.alittleB.anyC.lotsofD.neither
7.There’s____waterinthebottle.
A.fewB.anumberofC.plentyofD.any
8.I’dlike____paper.
A.afewB.severalC.abitofD.these
9.Thereare___mistakesinthepaper.
A.theB.alittleC.muchD.afew
10.Dotheyhave____air-conditionersforcoolingtherooms
insummer?
A.manyaB.enoughC.agreatdealofD.abitof
11.Don’tworryabouttheseats.Thereare___chairsin
theroom.
A.plentyofB.anyC.bothD.most
12.Thereis___ironinthisminethaninthatone.
A.muchB.agreatdealofC.lessD.alotof
___workhastobedonebeforetheplantgoesinto
operation.
A.MuchB.DoubleC.AnumberofD.Neither
14.Hewrote___essaysonVictoriannovelsinhisclass.
A.thenextB.themostC.theotherD.themore
15.Themodelworkerhad___thoughtofhisowninterests.
A.thelastB.lessC.theleastD.another
16.Theremustbe___emptytalkbutmorehardwork.
A.fewerB.noC.theleastD.less
17.Hehaspublished____shortstoriesinEnglish.
A.agreatamountofB.anumberof
C.anotherD.manya
18.Wehad___rainfallslastsummer.
A.toomuchB.littleC.alittleD.onlyseveral
19.____carewouldhavepreventedtheaccident.
A.MuchB.LittleC.AlittleD.Afew
20.Thestudentsspent____theirtimeworkinginthefields.
A.bothB.mostC.moreD.half
三、限定词与限定词之间的先后顺序关系
在名词词组中心词之前如果有两个或两个以上限定词出现时,就会产生限定词的先后顺序问题。
按其不同的搭配位置,限定词可分为
前位限定词:
all,both,half;
double,twice,threetimes;
one-third,twofifths;
what,such(a/an)…
中位限定词:
(1)定冠词和不定冠词;
(2)物主限定词(my,your…(3)指示限定词(this,that,these,those);
(4)’s属格名词;
(5)不定数量词(如some,enough,no,any,every,each,either,neither);
(6)疑问限定词what,which,whose;
(7)关系限定词which,whose;
(8)带ever的wh-词,如whatever,whichever,whoever。
后位限定词
(1):
(1)基数词;
(2)序数词和一般序数词next,last,(an)other,additional,further;
(3)封闭数量词(a)few,fewer,several,most,more,many,much,(a)little,less,least;
后位限定词
(2):
plentyof,abitof,alotof,lotsof,agreatdeal/quantity/amount/numberof…
如果一个名词词组带有上述三类限定词,其搭配关系总是
按照“前位—中位—后位”的顺序排列。
allthefourteachers
前中后
allyourthreebooks
alltheselastfewdays
前中后后
如果只有上述两类限定词,其搭配关系仍按照上述顺序
halfhislecture
前中
thoselastfewmonths
中后后
allotherstudents
前后
suchamisfortune
somesuchalloy
中后
such既属于前位限定词,又可归纳后位限定词。
在sucha…和suchan…搭配中属于前位限定词,而在与其他限定词some,any,no,all,one,many等搭配时,such则是后位限定词。
由上述例子可以看出,中位限定词之间和前位限定词之间是互相排斥的,即一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个中位限定词或两个前位限定词。
所以“我的那本书”不是“mythatbook”而是thatbookofmine,因为my和that同是中位限定词,不可同时并列。
但后位限定词的使用却不受此限制。
manymorecopies,threeothergirls,hislasttwobooks,thefirsttwochapters等都是后位限定词重叠使用的实例。
Ex.Chooseanappropriatecombinationofdeterminersto
fillineachblack:
Theadditionalworkwilltake____weeks.
A.theotherB.anotherfiveC.otherfiveD.themore
Hediditin___timeittookme.
A.theone-thirdB.halfaC.thedoubleD.one-thirdthe
Isaw___boysatthecinema.
A.thebothB.manyaC.boththeD.theseveral
___candidatesaregirls.
A.HalftheB.ThehalfC.TheirhalfD.Halfa
5.Hewasonleave___days.
A.thefewlastB.fewanotherC.fewotherD.thelastfew
6.___friendsusuallyspeakhighlyofhim.
A.HissomeB.HismanyC.ManyhisD.Somehis
7.Pleaseserveme___soup.
A.moresomeB.thelessC.moretheD.somemore
8.____alloymanybeusedtoreplacecopper.
A.SuchaB.SomesuchC.SuchsomeD.Severalsuch
9.Pleasesend__samplestoLondonbyair.
A.theseenoughB.fivethese
C.enoughtheseD.thesefive
10.Areyougoingtobuy___rice?
A.alltheseB.theseallC.allthisD.boththese
11.Theywantatleast___salaries.
A.theirdoubleB.doubletheir
C.enoughtheirD.theirenough
___dictionaryisenoughforme.
A.SuchoneB.OnesuchC.SuchaoneD.Onesucha
13.___factorsshouldbeconsidered.
A.TheseallB.SuchallC.AllsuchD.Somethese
14.___eveningshedidenjoyhimselfimmensely.
A.ThefirstfewB.Thefewfirst
C.ThefirstsomeD.Somethefirst
15.___meatistainted.
A.Thatone-thirdB.One-thirdthat
C.SuchaD.Fewsuch
16.___caseshavebeenreported.
A.SuchfewB.SuchsomeC.FewsuchD.Somethese
17.___boyswereintheclassroom.
A.AllfiveotherB.Otherall
C.AllthemoreD.Alltheotherfive
18.___recommendationhassofarbeenmadebythe
technicians.
A.SeveralsuchB.NosuchaC.SuchnoD.Nosuch
19.Theyarenotlikelytoagreeto___propositions.
A.otheranyB.otherallC.allotherD.otherthese
20.Hehasbeenstayingathome___days.
A.thesealllastfewB.theselastfewall
C.alltheselastfewD.theselastallfew
不定代词
不定代词及其基本用法
1.all,each,both,either,neither,some,any,one,(a)little,(a)few,many,much,other(s),another,主语,宾语,表语,定语(既可用作名词,也可用作形容词)
2.everyone,everybody,everything;
somebody,someone,something;
anyone,anybody,anything;
nobody,nothing,noone
主语,宾语,表语,可以后跟else,而且可用作所有格(-’s形式)
3.none主语、宾语,表语
4.every,no(这两个只是形容词)定语
不定限定词与各类名词的搭配
all,each,both,either,neither,some,any,
one,(a)little,(a)few,many,much,other(s),
another,
1.只与复数可敉名词搭配的不定限定词both,many,(a)few
2.只与不可敉名词搭配的不定限定词much,(a)little
3.只与单数可敉名词搭配的不定限定词each(every,one),either,neither,manya,
4.既可与复数可敉名词,又可与不可敉名词搭配的不定限定词all,some,any,many,other,another,
不定限定词的具体用法
some和any既可用作限定词,也可用作不定代词,起名词词组的作用;
但no只能用作限定词,不能单独使用。
1)some
a.some主要用于肯定句。
但当说话人期待肯定回答时,some也能用于疑问句。
Aretheresomelettersforme?
I’mexpectingsome.
b.当购物时向售货员提问或主人询问客人表示款待时,也可
在疑问句中用some。
CouldIhavesomelettersforme
Wouldyoulikesomechocolatecake?
c.当some与单数可数名词连用时,相当于acertain某
(一)个”的意思。
Someboyhasbrokenawindow
d.当some修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词,表“几个”,“一些”的意思。
如
somequestions,somechildren,
somewater,someink
2)any
a.any主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句、if或whether引导的宾语从句,或用于带有半否定词或具有否定含义的动词、形容词或介词的句子。
1.Aretheyanystampsinthedrawer?
2.Youhaven’tanyworktodo
3.Heneverhadanyluck
4.Letmeknowifyouhearanynews
5.Ifyouhaveanynews,callmeuprightaway.
b.any也用于肯定句,意味“任何”。
通常重读,修饰单数可
可数名词和不可数名词。
1.Comeanydayyoulike.
2.Anytimeyouwantme,justsendforme.
c.any+复数可数名词/不可数名词,表“一些”
anybooks,anywater
d.any+单数可数名词,表示“every”的含义
Anychildcouldanswerthatquestion.
3)no
no可修饰单复数可数名词和不可数名词。
用法如下:
a)用于thereis(are),have(has),have(has)got之后,等于notany
1.Therearenolettersforyoutoday.
2.HehasnobooksI’vgotnohome.
b)用于连系动词之后,等于nota,但语气很强.
1.Thegirlwasnobeauty.
2.Heisnofriendofmine.
c)用于其他动词之后
1.Itooknopartinthesenegotiations.
2.HecouldexpectnosympathyfromJoan.
d)用于修饰其他句子成分
1.Noboyatschoolhadeverseenthesea.
2.I’minnomoodforjokes.
e)用于警告、命令等标识
Nosmoking!
f)用于表示程度,notany,用作状语,修饰形容词原级、
比较级和副词比较级
1.Butthisisnounimportantquestion,mydearJohn
2.ShewasnoolderthanLiPing.
g)用于固定习语
1.Menarenolongeratthemercyofnature.
2.There’snosuchthingasghosts.
not与no的区别:
a)not可用于否定动词,no则没有这种功能。
b)no是具有形容词性质的不定代词,只能与名词或相当于
名词的词连用,如notime,notelephone,Nospitting!
c)no等于notany,因此不能用于a,the,all,both,
every等词之前;
在这些词之前必修用not,如notachance,nottheleast,notallofus,noteveryone,notenough。
d)no也不与姓名、副词、介词等连用。
但not可与这些词
连用,如me,notGeorge;
notwisely;
notonSundays.
e)some,any,no以及它们的合成词。
这些复合词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
something(-body,-one,-where)
anything(-body,-one,-where)
nothing(-body,-where),后者不是限定词
all,both,none,noone,neither,either,every,
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