亚历山大Word文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:19830442
- 上传时间:2023-01-10
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:8
- 大小:26.48KB
亚历山大Word文档格式.docx
《亚历山大Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《亚历山大Word文档格式.docx(8页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Athesis
submittedinpartialfulfilment
oftherequirementsforthejunioryear
totheSchoolofForeignLanguages
NorthwestUniversityofPolitics&
Law
November28,2011
AlexandertheGreat'
sSexualOrientation
Abstract:
Withtherevivalofhomosexual,AlexandertheGreatcomesintopeople'
smindagain.He,thekingofMacedonia,wasagreatconquerthattheworldhaveeverseen.HeextendedhisrealmtoEurope,AfricaandFarEast.ButwhatimpressedusmostwashisrelationshipwithHephaestion.Itconfusedpeoplewhyakinglikehimtendedtoshowmoreintereststowardmale.ThispaperattemptstorevealthetruththathewasgaybyanalyzingthecultureofancientGreece,theinfluencesfromhisparentsandotherpoliticalfactor.
Keywords:
ancientGreece,boy'
slove,politics,homosexual,education.
摘要:
随着同性恋文化的复兴,亚历山大大帝再一次的进入人们的视野。
亚历山大是马其顿帝国的伟大国王,是举世瞩目前所未有的征服者。
他统治的马其顿帝国领土延伸至欧、亚、非。
但是他给人留下最深刻的影响却是作为一名同性恋者及传说中与赫菲提斯昂矢志不渝的爱情。
人们不明白作为一个伟大的帝王,亚历山大为什么会被同行所吸引。
本文试图通过对古希腊文化、亚历山大大帝的父母及政治等因素的分析来解密亚历山大的性倾向。
关键字:
古希腊、同性之爱、政治、同性恋、教育。
Outline
ThesisStatement:
AlexandertheGreatisahomosexual.
I.Introduction
A.Thedifferencebetweenthehomosexualandthebisexual.
BSexualorientationofAlexandertheGreat
.Reasonsofhissexualorientation
A.Histwomarriages
B.CultureofancientGreece.
1.Socialstatus
2.Education
3.Boy'
slove
C.Influencesfromhisparentsandtheirmarriage
D.Hiscareerandhomosexualityinarmy
.Conclusion.
.Introduction
Homosexuality,asakindofsexualorientation,isasexualtendencythatpeoplearesexuallyattractedbythoseoftheirowngender.Homosexualreferstopeoplewhopreferthepersonoftheirowngendertotheoppositeastheirsexualpartner.(Li10)
Aspeculiarphenomena,homosexualityhasalonghistory.Anditexistsindifferentcornersoftheworldaswellasdifferentformofsocietyinthelonghistory.NomatteritisAmericanorKenya.Nomatteritisawell-developedindustrialcountryorabarbarictribe.Wherethereisaperson,thereishomosexual.Thepropernounforhomohaschanged,too.Fromthediscriminatoryhomosexualitytogay(forthemalehomo)andlesbian(forthefemale).Fromgayandlesbiantoamodernqueer.Aboutfourthousandyearsago,inancientEgypt,theEgyptiantreatthesexbetweenmalesasaholything.Accordingtothetale,sexbetweengodHorusandgodSethactuallyhappened.Inthepalace,everymankeptaintimatefemalefriend.ThesameoccurredtotheancientIndia.Maya,OneofthethreecivilizationinLatinAmerica,recordedthephenomenaofhomosexualityinyouth.Wecanfindtheresourceabouthomosexualityeverywhere.Itneverstopped.Butitdidnottheygoeswellallthetime.Ithashaddifficultiesallthewayeventoday,butitalsohaditsprimetime.AlexandertheGreat,thegreatkingofMacedoniawastherepresentativeofthistime.
AlexandertheGreatandHephaestionwasintimatefriendsincetheywereveryyoung.Theykeptdevotingtoeachotherthroughouttheirlives.HomosexualsclungtotheirviewswithoutanygroundsthatAlexanderwasabsolutelyagay.OthersclaimedthatAlexanderwasbisexualasmostancientGreekwas.OthersinsistedthatAlexanderwashomosexualwithoutofferingaproof.Heretheauthorholdstheopinionthathewasgay.Therearesomefactorswhichmadetheauthorcredititdeeply.
A.AlexandertheGreta’smarriages
AlthoughAlexandertheGreatmarriedtwoladies,bothareforpoliticalpeaceorhisconquer.Helovedneitherofthem.WhenAlexandertheGreatinvadedthePersiaEmpire,theBackrooms,underBessus,resistedstoutly,butweresubduedfinallyin328.Roxanne,adaughterofBaronOxcartswhoheldterritoryofBessus,wasofferedAlexanderbyherfather.AlexanderchosetomakeverypublicdisplayofhisunionwithRoxanne.Itseemsquiteasplendidceremony.Butactuallyit'
sapoliticalmarriage.Tostartwith,aftersubjugatingthecountry,AlexandertheGreatwantedtocontinueconqueringandexploringtheunknownworldintheFarEast.Ifunnecessary,alongtimestayinacertainplacenevercametohismind.Sohewasinwantofamanwhoiscapableofmaintainingthepeaceandstabilityofthelocalwhenhewasnothere.Andatthesametimeheneedsarulerwhowaswillingtoprovidefoods,clothesandtroopsforthearmiesifneeded.ThusafterBaronshowedhimhisloyalty,Alexanderaccepteditwithpleasure.Toshowhissincerity,AlexandermarriedBaron'
sdaughter.What'
smoreimportantwasthatAlexanderneededasuccessor.LikethefeudalsocietyinancientChina,anempirewithoutasonwasalwaysindanger;
forhisrulewasmenacedbyotherroyalmembersandothercountrieswhichtrytoinvadethecountrywhenthekingisoutofPalaceorheisseriouslysick.Soit'
sbettertohavesomeoneinthefamilystayinthepalacetokeeppoliticalpeace.Thosearewhathisfirstmarriagefor.
StaturetheSecondwasthedaughterofStaturetheFirstandDariustheThirdofPersia,afterhisfather'
sdefeatatthebattleofIssus,Stateiraandhermotherweretreatedverywell.StateriabecameAlexander'
ssecondwifeattheSusaweddingin324BC.It'
sanotherpoliticalmarriage.Firstandforemost,yearsagobeforeDariusfailedcompletely,"
hetemptedtopersuadeAlexandertostopthewarandproposetoformastrongallybyofferinghisdaughterStateira."
(Huf,98-10)ButAlexanderrefusedtheoffer.NowhemarriedStateira,apparently,it'
sapolicyadjustment.
Inhislifespan,heneverkeptanintimateorromanticrelationshipwithafemale.Sowecansafelydrawaconclusionthathedidnotlovewomenatall.
B.CultureofancientGreece
MacedoniawasacountryinthenorthoftheancientGreek,thusitwasdeeplyinfluencedbythecultureofthewell-developedcountry.Aristotle,averyknowledgeablescholarinGreece,wasinvitedtoMacedoniatoteachtheprince,AlexandertheGreat,andhisnoblefriends.AndintherestoftheirlivestheywereaffectedbywhatAristotlehadtaughtthem.Manisabsolutelydifferentfromwomenandsuperiortothem.InancientGreece,womenandmenwerecompletelyseparatedfromeachother.Tobeawomanmeanttostayathomequietlyandsacrificeherlifeforthewholefamilysilently.Neitherpoliticalrightsnorsocialactivitiesbelongedtothem.Whilethemalepossessedquietalot;
theatre,gymnasium,winepartywerestagesespeciallyforthemales,femaledancersandwhoresareallowedtoenterthoseplaceonlyforentertaining.Heretheyshowedtheirtalents,foughtfortheirpoliticalrights,sangsongsanddrankwinewithoutalimit.Apparently,formen,womenwerenothingbutthemotheroftheirchildrenandthekeeperoftheirhouses.Theywereonlypartoftheirhusband'
sproperty.Silenceandnoappearanceinpublicwereviewedbymenasthemostappreciatevirtueofawoman.In431B.C,inafuneralceremonyforasoldierPericlesgaveawarningtowomen:
forawoman,themostrespectedvirtueistobementionedbymanaslessaspossible.Nomatterpraisingorcriticizing.Whichmeans,womenarecompletelydroveoutofthesocietywhichmenrules.Ontheotherhand,menhaverequirementfortheirown.Namely,mancannotaddictthemselvestotherelationshipwithwoman.Andoneshouldbetterreducetheirappointmentswithwomanaspossibleasonecould.ToGreek,womanisasymboloftherestlesslustsincereasonisneverapartofwoman.Theintemperatesex,toaman,isverydangerous.Forsexwouldleadthelossofabstinenceandbraveryofaman,whichareverypreciouscharactersofaman.Betweenmanandwomanisnottheproductofit.UntilMiddleAgethegamesbetweenthenobleknightsandexaltedladiesshowedustheshadowofmodernlove.
EducationinancientGreecepaidmoreattentiontoboys.Boyswerevaluedfortheirminds,heldtobeespeciallycapableofintellect.Onthecontrary,girlswereconsideredcapableofonlyofchitchatandunworthyofeducating.Thustheintellectualdevelopmentofmostgirlswasneglected,whiletherightupbringofboyswasgiventhehighestimportance.Obviously,thiskindofeducationledtothehugespiritualgapbetweenwomenandmen.Thus,there'
snothingbetweenamanandawomanbutflirtation.Converselymencanhaveareasonableconversation;
theycanbeguide,friendandcompanion.Asaresulttheyspentplentyoftimeandwerefriendlierthanfriendsshouldbe.
ThetypicalhomosexualloveinGreecewaslovebetweenmanandaboy.TheGreecemalewasexpectednotonlyformarryandraisechildrenbutalsotobeavailableforfriendshipandhomosexualaffairswithworthyyouth.Themanwascalled'
erastes'
(lover)andtheadolescentyouthwascalled'
eromenos'
(beloved).It'
sashameifaboycan'
twintheloveofanadult;
it'
salsotrueifamancan'
tcauseaboy'
sattention.Theerastesandtheeromenosmaintainedboththerelationshipofteacher-studentandlover.(Huf,78)
Also,thehomosexualityprevailedinancientAthens.Accordingtotherecord,PatriciaBeard,apoliticianinAthens,wasalegend.Whenseventeenoreighteen,hebecamethetallestandthemosthandsomeboyinAthens.Whereverhewent,hewasfollowedbyplentyofmenwhotreatinghimasabeautifullady,andflirtingwithhim,courtingtohim."
Hewasextremelygoodatactingasaslut,makingfunofhissweethearts,embarrassingthemwhenflirting.Whenhewasingoodmoodorhethoughttheremighthavesomebenefits,hewouldgivethemalittleBounty.Thushebecametheteenager'
sidolinAthens"
.(Hunter,19-20)"
InhisfamousbookSymposiu
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 亚历山大