北京故宫博物院英文导游辞范文Word文档格式.docx
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北京故宫博物院英文导游辞范文Word文档格式.docx
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有的结巴重复,面红耳赤;
有的声音极低,自讲自听;
有的低头不语,扯衣服,扭身子。
总之,说话时外部表现不自然。
我抓住练胆这个关键,面向全体,偏向差生。
一是和幼儿建立和谐的语言交流关系。
每当和幼儿讲话时,我总是笑脸相迎,声音亲切,动作亲昵,消除幼儿畏惧心理,让他能主动的、无拘无束地和我交谈。
二是注重培养幼儿敢于当众说话的习惯。
或在课堂教学中,改变过去老师讲学生听的传统的教学模式,取消了先举手后发言的约束,多采取自由讨论和谈话的形式,给每个幼儿较多的当众说话的机会,培养幼儿爱说话敢说话的兴趣,对一些说话有困难的幼儿,我总是认真地耐心地听,热情地帮助和鼓励他把话说完、说好,增强其说话的勇气和把话说好的信心。
三是要提明确的说话要求,在说话训练中不断提高,我要求每个幼儿在说话时要仪态大方,口齿清楚,声音响亮,学会用眼神。
对说得好的幼儿,即使是某一方面,我都抓住教育,提出表扬,并要其他幼儿模仿。
长期坚持,不断训练,幼儿说话胆量也在不断提高。
Hello,everyone,
死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。
但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生能力发展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;
而另一方面,老师们又为提高学生的语文素养煞费苦心。
其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背”与提高学生素质并不矛盾。
相反,它恰是提高学生语文水平的重要前提和基础。
Wearenowgoingtopayavisittoaplaceofspecialinterest.ThisscenicspotislocatedatthecenterofBeijingandischaracterizedbythousandsofpalatialarchitecturesandpurplewallsaswellasyellowglazedtileroofs-itissimplyaseaofpalaces.Thisistheworld&
ndash;
famouswonder&
thePalaceMuseum.
教师范读的是阅读教学中不可缺少的部分,我常采用范读,让幼儿学习、模仿。
如领读,我读一句,让幼儿读一句,边读边记;
第二通读,我大声读,我大声读,幼儿小声读,边学边仿;
第三赏读,我借用录好配朗读磁带,一边放录音,一边幼儿反复倾听,在反复倾听中体验、品味。
ThePalaceMuseumhasservedastheroyalresidenceduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Itwasherethatatotalof24monarchsascendedthethroneandwieldedpowerforsome500years.ThePalaceMuseum,asthemostbeautifulspotofinterestthroughoutBeijing,isuniqueforitslocation:
tothenorthwestisBeihai(NorthSea)Park,famousforitswhitepagodaandripplinglake;
tothewestistheZhongnahai(centralandsouthsea);
totheeastliesthetheWangfujingShoppingStreet;
andtothenorthidJinshanPark.StandingintheWanchun(EverlastingSpring)PavilionatthetopofJingshan(CharcoalHill)Park,youoverlooktheskylineofthepalaceMuseum.AtthesouthernendofthepalaceisTian`anmen(GateofHeavenlyPeace)andthefamoussquarenamedafterit.ThisisthesymbolofthePeople`sRepublicofChina.
Aworld-famoushistoricalsite,thePalaceMuseumisontheWorldHeritageListofUNESCOandisanembodimentoforientalcivilization.
家庭是幼儿语言活动的重要环境,为了与家长配合做好幼儿阅读训练工作,孩子一入园就召开家长会,给家长提出早期抓好幼儿阅读的要求。
我把幼儿在园里的阅读活动及阅读情况及时传递给家长,要求孩子回家向家长朗诵儿歌,表演故事。
我和家长共同配合,一道训练,幼儿的阅读能力提高很快。
ThePalaceMuseumisrectangularinshape,960meterslongfromnorthtosouthand750meterswidefromeasttowest,coveringaspaceof720,000squaremetersofwhich150,000isbuildingarea.Ithas9000-strongroomsinit.Accordingtolegendthereare9999.5room-unitsinall.Thewholecompoundisenclosedbya10-meter-hignwallandisaccessedthroughfourentrances,namely,themeridianGateinthesouth,theGateofMilitaryProwessinthenorth,Donghua(EasternFlowery)Gateinthenorth,Donghua(EasternFlowery)GateintheeastandXihua(WesternFlowery)Gateinthewest.Oneachcornerthereisaturretconsistedof9roofbeams,18pillarsand72ridge.Encirclingthecompoundthereisa3,800-meter-longand52meter-widemoat,makingthePalaceMuseumaself-defensivecity-within-acity.
ThePalaceMuseumwasmadeacenterofruleduringtheMingDynastybyZhunDi,ThefourthsonofthefoundingemperorZhuyuanzhang.Thewholecomplexstraddlesonan8-kilometers-longcentralaxisthatstretchesfromYongding(ForeverStable)GateinthesouthtoGulou(DrumTower)inthenorth.Prominencewasgiventotheroyalpowerbyputtingthe“threemainfronthalls”and“threebackhalls”ontheaxiswhilearrangeothersubsidiarystructurearoundthem.TheconstructionofthePalaceMuseuminvolvedmanpowerandresourcesacrossChina.Forexample,thebrickslaidinthehalls,knownas“goldbrick,”underwentcomplex,two&
dozenprocesses.Asthefinaltouch,thefiredbricksweredippedinChinesewoodoil.Involvingcomplicatedprocessesandhighcost,thesebrickarecalled“goldenbricks.”ThePalaceMuseumservesasalivingembodimentofgoodtraditionandstylesuniquetoChina`sancientarchitecture.ItreflectstothefulltheingenuityandcreativityoftheChineseworkingpeople.Acarefullypreservedandcompletegroupofroyalresidences,thePalaceMuseumisaprominenthistoricalandtouristsite.
WhatwearenowapproachingisthemainentrancetothePalaceMuseum-theMeridianGate,whichischaracterizedbyredwalls,yellowglazed&
tileroofsandupturnedeaves.Ontopofthiswalls,yellowglazed-tileroofsandupturnedeaves.Ontopofthismagnificentbuilding,therestandfiveloftyhallswithamainhallinthecenter.Themainhallisroofedbymultipleeavesandcoversaspaceof9room-units.Itisflankedbytwowingsoneachside.Thewingsaresquareinshape,completewithmultipleandfouredgedeavesandpinnacles.Allofthesestructuresareconnectedbyacolonnade.Becausethesehallsresembleasoaringbird,itwasalsoknowaswufenglou(Five-phoenixTower).Insidethemainhallthereisathrone.Drumsandbellswerestoredinthewings.WhenevertheemperorpresidedovergrandceremoniesorobservedritesintheHallofUpremeHarmony,drums,bellsandgongswouldbestrucktomarktheoccasion.
Asthelegendgoes,theMeridianGateusedtobeaplacewherecondemnedrankingofficialswouldbeexecuted.Thisnottrue.However,floggingwascarriedoutherebytheMingemperors,Ifacourtierfallsafouloftheemperor,hewouldbestrippedofhiscourtdressandfloggingwithastick.Atonepointthepunishmentbecamesoharshthatatotalof11peoplediedfromfatalwoundonasingleoccasion.Ontheotherhand,thisbuildingwasalsousedtoobserveimportantoccasionslikethetraditionalChineseLanternFestival(15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth).Ontheseoccasions,Chineselanternswouldbehangedandsumptuousbanquetswouldbegiveninhonourofthewholecourtofministersandotherrankingofficials.
UponenteringtheMeridianGatewebeganourtourofthePalaceMuseum.TheriverfoowinginfrontofusisknownasJinShuiHe(GoldenWaterRiver)andthefivemarblesbridgesspanningitareknownastheInnerGoldenWaterBridges.Theoninthemiddlewasusedexclusivebytheemperoranditsbanisterswerecarvedwithdragonandphoenixdesigns.Thebridgesflankingtheimperialonewerereservedforprincesandotherroyalmembers.Therestwereusedbypalatines.Asidefromdecoration,thegoldenWaterRiverwasalsodugasprecautionagainstfire.MostofthestructureswithinthepalaceMuseumaremadeofwood.Whatismore,accordingtoancientChinesecosmology,theSouthistheabodeoffire,sothisbrookwasdugonthesoutherntipofthePalace.Inthisway,thePalaceMuseumreflectstraditionalChineseculture.
ThisbuildingiscalledtheGateofSupremeHarmony.Intheforegroundstandtwobronzelions.Cananybodytellwhichismaleandwhichisfemale?
Theoneontheeastplayingwithaballismale,symbolizingpoweranduniversalunity.Theotheronthewestwithacubcuddlingunderneathitsclawisfemale?
Theoneontheeastplayingwithaballismale,symbolizingpoweranduniversalunity.Theotheronthewestwithacubcuddlingunderneathitsclawisfemale,representingprosperitytheendlesssuccession.AlayoutofthePalaceMuseumispostedbytheentrance.Fromit,youcanseethatthePalaceMuseumhastwomainparts:
theforecourtandtheinnercourt.Thethreemainhallsconstitutethemainstayoftheforecourt,anditwasherethattheemperorannounceddecisionsandobservedrites.Behindtheforecourtthereistheinnercourt,consistingofmajorhallsandtheImperialGarden.Itwaswheretheemperorattendedstateaffairs,livedandenjoyedhisluxuriouslife.TheexhibitionsystemofthePalaceMuseuminvolveshistoricalcourtrelicsandarticlesofancientartandculture.ThePalaceMuseumhousesnearlyonemillionarticlesofraretreasure,oronesixthofthetotalnumberinallofChina`smuseums.TherearethethreemainhallsofthePalacemuseum,builtonatriplemarbleterrace.SincemostofChina`sarchitectureismadeofwood,thebuildingscannotbetootall.Togaintheheightofthearchitecture,ingeniousancientartisansbuiltthehallonagiganticstoneterrace.Itisalsotothisendthatnotasingleplantwasgrowninthesquare.Onstairwaysoftriplemarbleterracethereare18bronzetripods.Theverandahisflankedbybronzetortoisesandcranes,whichservedassymbolsoflongevity.Ontheeastisasundial,anancienttimepiece.Onthewestthereisagrainmeasuresuggestingthattheemperorwasjustandequitable.
Inthefrontandoneachflank,thereisapairofgiltbronzevats(caldrons)moldedduringthereignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty.Eachoftheseweights2tonsandisfilledwithwaterasaprecautionintheeventofafire.ThestructureintheverymiddleistheHallofSupremeHarmony,alsoknownasthethronehall.Itis64metersinwidthandis38metersfromentrancetorear.Withterraceexclusive,thehallis26.92metersinheightandis35.03metersinall.Coveringandareaof2,377squaremeters,theHallofSupremeHarmonyisChina`slargestexitingwoodenstructure.Thehallissupportedby6thick,roundpillarscarvedinadesignofcoilingdragons.Astheholiestplaceinthehall,theceilingandcoloredpatternsweremadeofthefinestmaterialavailableatthattime.Thethronewasplacedonaterraceandisflankedbystatuesofelephants,Luduan(aunicornwhichcouldtravel1
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