United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 1980Word文档下载推荐.docx

United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 1980Word文档下载推荐.docx

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PARTI

SphereofApplicationandGeneralProvisions

ChapterI

SphereofApplication

Article1

（1）ThisConventionappliestocontractsofsaleofgoodsbetweenpartieswhose

placesofbusinessareindifferentStates:

（a）whentheStatesareContractingStates;

or

（b）whentherulesofprivateinternationallawleadtotheapplicationofthe

lawofaContractingState.

（2）ThefactthatthepartieshavetheirplacesofbusinessindifferentStates

istobedisregardedwheneverthisfactdoesnotappeareitherfromthecontract

orfromanydealingsbetween,orfrominformationdisclosedby,thepartiesat

anytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract.

（3）Neitherthenationalityofthepartiesnorthecivilorcommercialcharacter

ofthepartiesorofthecontractistobetakenintoconsiderationin

determiningtheapplicationofthisConvention.

Article2

ThisConventiondoesnotapplytosales:

（a）ofgoodsboughtforpersonal,familyorhouseholduse,unlesstheseller,at

anytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract,neitherknewnoroughtto

haveknownthatthegoodswereboughtforanysuchuse;

（b）byauction;

（c）onexecutionorotherwisebyauthorityoflaw;

（d）ofstocks,shares,investmentsecurities,negotiableinstrumentsormoney;

（e）ofships,vessels,hovercraftoraircraft;

（f）ofelectricity.

Article3

（1）Contractsforthesupplyofgoodstobemanufacturedorproducedaretobe

consideredsalesunlessthepartywhoordersthegoodsundertakestosupplya

substantialpartofthematerialsnecessaryforsuchmanufactureorproduction.

（2）ThisConventiondoesnotapplytocontractsinwhichthepreponderantpart

oftheobligationsofthepartywhofurnishesthegoodsconsistsinthesupply

oflabourorotherservices.

Article4

ThisConventiongovernsonlytheformationofthecontractofsaleandthe

rightsandobligationsofthesellerandthebuyerarisingfromsuchacontract.

Inparticular,exceptasotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisConvention,itis

notconcernedwith:

（a）thevalidityofthecontractorofanyofitsprovisionsorofanyusage;

（b）theeffectwhichthecontractmayhaveonthepropertyinthegoodssold.

Article5

ThisConventiondoesnotapplytotheliabilityofthesellerfordeathor

personalinjurycausedbythegoodstoanyperson.

Article6

ThepartiesmayexcludetheapplicationofthisConventionor,subjectto

article12,derogatefromorvarytheeffectofanyofitsprovisions.

ChapterII

GeneralProvisions

Article7

（1）IntheinterpretationofthisConvention,regardistobehadtoits

internationalcharacterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplication

andtheobservanceofgoodfaithininternationaltrade.

（2）QuestionsconcerningmattersgovernedbythisConventionwhicharenot

expresslysettledinitaretobesettledinconformitywiththegeneral

principlesonwhichitisbasedor,intheabsenceofsuchprinciples,in

conformitywiththelawapplicablebyvirtueoftherulesofprivate

internationallaw.

Article8

（1）ForthepurposesofthisConventionstatementsmadebyandotherconductof

apartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtohisintentwheretheotherpartyknew

orcouldnothavebeenunawarewhatthatintentwas.

（2）Iftheprecedingparagraphisnotapplicable,statementsmadebyand

otherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtotheunderstanding

thatareasonablepersonofthesamekindastheotherpartywouldhavehadin

thesamecircumstances.

（3）Indeterminingtheintentofapartyortheunderstandingareasonable

personwouldhavehad,dueconsiderationistobegiventoallrelevant

circumstancesofthecaseincludingthenegotiations,anypracticeswhichthe

partieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselves,usagesandanysubsequentconduct

oftheparties.

Article9

（1）Thepartiesareboundbyanyusagetowhichtheyhaveagreedandbyany

practiceswhichtheyhaveestablishedbetweenthemselves.

（2）Thepartiesareconsidered,unlessotherwiseagreed,tohaveimpliedlymade

applicabletotheircontractoritsformationausageofwhichthepartiesknew

oroughttohaveknownandwhichininternationaltradeiswidelyknownto,and

regularlyobservedby,partiestocontractsofthetypeinvolvedinthe

particulartradeconcerned.

Article10

ForthepurposesofthisConvention:

（a）ifapartyhasmorethanoneplaceofbusiness,theplaceofbusinessis

thatwhichhastheclosestrelationshiptothecontractanditsperformance,

havingregardtothecircumstancesknowntoorcontemplatedbythepartiesat

anytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract;

（b）ifapartydoesnothaveaplaceofbusiness,referenceistobemadetohis

habitualresidence.

Article11

Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnot

subjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.Itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,

includingwitnesses.

Article12

Anyprovisionofarticle11,article29orPartIIofthisConventionthat

allowsacontractofsaleoritsmodificationorterminationbyagreementorany

offer,acceptanceorotherindicationofintentiontobemadeinanyformother

thaninwritingdoesnotapplywhereanypartyhashisplaceofbusinessina

ContractingStatewhichhasmadeadeclarationunderarticle96ofthis

Convention.Thepartiesmaynotderogatefromorvarytheeffectorthis

article.

Article13

ForthepurposesofthisConvention"

writing"

includestelegramandtelex.

PARTII

FormationoftheContract

Article14

（1）Aproposalforconcludingacontractaddressedtooneormorespecific

personsconstitutesanofferifitissufficientlydefiniteandindicatesthe

intentionoftheofferortobeboundincaseofacceptance.Aproposalis

sufficientlydefiniteifitindicatesthegoodsandexpresslyorimplicitly

fixesormakesprovisionfordeterminingthequantityandtheprice.

（2）Aproposalotherthanoneaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsistobe

consideredmerelyasaninvitationtomakeoffers,unlessthecontraryis

clearlyindicatedbythepersonmakingtheproposal.

Article15

（1）Anofferbecomeseffectivewhenitreachestheofferee.

（2）Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,maybewithdrawnifthewithdrawal

reachestheoffereebeforeoratthesametimeastheoffer.

Article16

（1）Untilacontractisconcludedanoffermayberevokediftherevocation

reachestheoffereebeforehehasdispatchedanacceptance.

（2）However,anoffercannotberevoked:

（a）ifitindicates,whetherbystatingafixedtimeforacceptanceor

otherwise,thatitisirrevocable;

（b）ifitwasreasonablefortheoffereetorelyontheofferasbeing

irrevocableandtheoffereehasactedinrelianceontheoffer.

Article17

Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,isterminatedwhenarejectionreachesthe

offeror.

Article18

（1）Astatementmadebyorotherconductoftheoffereeindicatingassenttoan

offerisanacceptance.Silenceorinactivitydoesnotinitselfamountto

acceptance.

（2）Anacceptanceofanofferbecomeseffectiveatthemomenttheindicationof

assentreachestheofferor.Anacceptanceisnoteffectiveiftheindicationof

assentdoesnotreachtheofferorwithinthetimehehasfixedor,ifnotimeis

fixed,withinareasonabletime,dueaccountbeingtakenofthecircumstancesof

thetransaction,includingtherapidityofthemeansofcommunicationemployed

bytheofferor.Anoraloffermustbeacceptedimmediatelyunlessthe

circumstancesindicateotherwise.

（3）However,if,byvirtueoftheofferorasaresultofpracticeswhichthe

partieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselvesorofusage,theoffereemay

indicateassentbyperforminganact,suchasonerelatingtothedispatchof

thegoodsorpaymentoftheprice,withoutnoticetotheofferor,theacceptance

iseffectiveatthemomenttheactisperformed,providedthattheactis

performedwithintheperiodoftimelaiddownintheprecedingparagraph.

Article19

（1）Areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontains

additions,limitationsorothermodificationsisarejectionoftheofferand

constitutesacounter-offer.

（2）However,areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontains

additionalordifferenttermswhichdonotmateriallyalterthetermsofthe

offerconstitutesanacceptance,unlesstheofferor,withoutunduedelay,

objectsorallytothediscrepancyordispatchesanoticetothateffect.Ifhe

doesnotsoobject,thetermsofthecontractarethetermsoftheofferwith

themodificat