Programmable logic controller文档格式.docx
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Programmable logic controller文档格式.docx
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Withmoreandmoremanufacturersinvolvedinthecompany'
sproductionanddevelopment,PLCfunctionexpandrapidly,programminglanguagealsogreatrich,thisisthedevelopmentofeverynewthingmustgothroughtheprocess,alsovariousmanufacturerstendtodeveloptheirownladderlogiclanguage(foraPLCprogramminglanguage).ThiscomplexPLClanguagecannotapplicabletoalltypesofequipment.However,withtheothercomputerlanguageslike,oncethisladderlanguagehasbeenwidelyused,thenthelanguagebeingusedinmostoftheequipmentonthepossibilityisbig,mostofthesystemdesignerswillfindproductionofaparticularmanufacturerofproductsforthewritingsystem.
Itshouldbenotedthattheprogrammablelogiccontrollerisoftenreferredtoas"
PLC"
or"
programmablecontroller"
.Althoughtheterm"
programmablelogiccontroller"
hasbeenwidelyaccepted,itisnotliketheabbreviation"
personalcomputer"
becausetheabbreviation"
usuallyreferstothepersonalcomputerused.InthisarticlewewillseethatPLCdoesnotmeanpersonalcomputer.
Canbeprogrammablecontrolleristhepersonalcomputerusersasfreemanyconfigurationoptions,aspersonalcomputersselectedwhichisbettersomecompletelyrelyontheirownexperience,asacontrollerofalotofsetupoptionstogoodcontrolitmadehimworkneedstorelyontheirownexperience.。
ModularPLCincludingthesystemcomponentsare:
1processor
Processor(sometimesreferredtoasCPU)isaprogramofthecentralprocessorcanexecute,whichisfullofthemodulewithanumberofspecificfeatures,thesefeaturessomeprocessingmorecomplexmathematicaloperationsandsomeofthePIDcontrolloopandprogrammablecommandprocessoriscomposedofamicroprocessor,asystemmemory,serialcommunicationportandprinter,PLCLANlinksandexternalprogrammingequipmentsystemthroughtheI/Oportsupply.
2Architecture
Generally,themetalframeandtheprintedcircuitboardareconnectedwiththePLCinputandoutputmoduleandtheprocessor,andthenumberofthemountingframesrequiredforthesystemisrealizedaccordingtothespecifiedmodule.Theassemblyframeprovidesdataandpowerthroughthemotherboardandthemoduleconnectionprocessor.Withoutpowersupplystructuretopreservethemodularpowersupply,theprocessorofthesystemisindependentlyinstalledandthecablerackareconnectedtogether,frameassemblycanismounteddirectlytothepanel,orcanbeinstalledinthestandardwidthof19andmultiplemountingframebetweenislinkedtoensurethatadapttothelargenumberofI/Omoduleinthewholesystem.
3inputandoutputmodules
Theinputandoutput(I/O)modulesareconnectedtoaparticularapplicationprogrambasedonthespecifiedinputandoutputsignals,whichcanbedividedintodiscretecategories,analoghigh-speedcountersorregistertypes.
DiscreteI/Omodulesaregenerallyableto8-bitor16bitdataprocessing,insomecases,switchinputandoutputmoduleisspecifiedasaninputoroutput,butmanufacturersgenerallyprovideafreeallocationofinputsandoutputscanbecuredwithinthesamemodule.
Analoginputandoutputmoduleisfeasibleandapplicabletotheexpectedresolutionandvoltageorcurrentrange,thesehavebecomethegeneraldiscreteinputoroutputmodule,somemanufacturersbetweenthesamemoduleprovidesanaloginputandoutput,tosimulatethePLCcanalsobeaccepteddirectlythermocoupletemperaturemeasurementandmonitoring.
PulseinputtoPLCcanbeacceptedusinghighspeedcountermodule.Thismodulecanbeusedtomeasurethefrequencyoftheinputsignalfromthetachometerorfrequencygenerator.Thesemodulescanalsocounttheincomingpulsesifrequired.Ingeneral,boththefrequencyandcountofthesamemodule,ifbotharerequiredintheapplication.
Theregisterinputandoutputmodulestransmitinformationfrom16or8bits,andfromaprogrammablecontroller.Thesewordsareusuallynumbers(BCDcodeorbinary)whicharetheinputdatafromtheencoderswitchorencodersystemtobegeneratedbythePLCoutputdisplaydevice
4,powersupply
Thespecifiedpowerdependsonthemanufacturer'
sprogrammablecontrollerusedintheapplication.Asmentionedabove,insomecases,thepowersupplytoprovidetherequiredpowerofthesystemasapartoftheprocessormodule.Ifthepowersupplyisaseparatemodule,itmustbeabletoprovideagreatercapacitythanthesumofallthecurrentsneededfortheothermodules.Fortheinternalprocessormoduleofpowersupplysystem,mayhavesomemodules,inthesystem,muchpower,ratherthanfromtheprocessor,becausevoltageorcurrentrequirements,onlythroughtheadditionofapowersupply.Thisisgenerallytrueiftheanalogorexternalcommunicationmodule,astheserequirementsoftheDCpowersupply,inthecaseoftheanalogmodule,mustbewellregulated.
5,programmingunit
Theprogrammingunitallowstheengineerortechnicalpersonneltoenterandedittheprogramexecution.Initssimplestform,itcanbeahandhelddevicethatshowsthestepsorfunctionsoftheinputanddisplaydevices(lightemittingdiodesorliquidcrystaldisplays)tothekeyboardinputprogram,asshowninfig..Moreadvancedsystemsuseasinglepersonalcomputer,whichallowsprogrammerstowrite,view,edit,anddownloadtheprogramintoaprogrammablecontroller.Thisisachievedbythemanufacturerwithproprietarysoftwareavailablefromtheprogrammablecontroller.Thesoftwarealsoallowstheprogrammerorengineertomonitortheprogramasitisrunningtheprogram.Withthismonitoringsystem,suchasinternalcoils,registers,timersandotheritemsthatarenotvisibleexternallycanbemonitoredtodeterminethecorrectoperation.Inaddition,theinternalregisterdatacanbechanged,ifrequiredtofinetunetheprogramoperation.Thismaybeadvantageouswhendebuggingaprogram.Communicationwiththesystem'
sprogrammablecontrollerisacableconnectedtoaparticularprogrammingportonthecontroller.Connectedtopersonalcomputerscanbeinstalledthroughaserialportorfromaspecialcard.
Programmablecontrollerisakindofspecialcomputer.Becauseitisacomputer,ithasallthebasiccomponentsofacomputer,acentralprocessingunit,memory,inputinterfaceandoutputinterface.Thecentralprocessingunit(CPU)isanimportantpartofprogrammablelogiccontroller(PLC)control.Itcanexplainthesameproceduresandcommandsdirectlyfrommemoryandbehaviortothosecommands.Thisunitinthecurrentprogrammablelogiccontroller(PLC)isamicroprocessorbasedsystem.Processormoduleofcentralprocessingunit(CPU)insystemmodule.
Memorysystemsareusuallyoftwotypes,read-onlymemoryandrandomaccessmemory.ROM'
smemorycontainsprograminformationthatallowsthecentralprocessortointerpretandactontheladderlogicprogramstoredintheRAMstore.RAMstorageisusuallyremovedinordernottolosethepoweroftheladderprogrammingsystem.Thebatterycanbeastandardtypeofdrybatterycharge.Nowtheprogrammablecontroller(PLC)unitwithelectricallyprogrammable
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