国际贸易实务英文版参考答案Word文件下载.docx
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国际贸易实务英文版参考答案Word文件下载.docx
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negative
with
it
been
growing.
During
period
1997
2003,
have
grown
244%
while
221%,
indicating
that
deficit
is
increasing.
There
had
already
sizeable
1996,
totaling
$
39.5
billion
at
end
year.
IV
1.
Export
are
tangible
sent
out
countries.
2.
Trade
international
earnings
other
than
those
derived
exporting
importing
goods.
3.
Import
brought
in.
4.
International
all
business
transactions
involve
two
or
more
5.
FDI
one
gives
investor
controlling
interest
foreign
company.
6.
Investment
used
primarily
as
financial
means
for
company
earn
money
on
its
relative
safety.
V
fair
deliberate
exchange
and/or
across
national
boundaries.
It
concerns
operations
both
import
includes
purchase
sale
In
today'
s
complex
world,
neither
individuals
nor
nations
self-sufficient.
Nations
participate
many
reasons.
As
reasons,
no
nation
(land,
labor
capital)
needs
develop
economy
culture,
enjoys
particular
item
sufficient
enough
meet
needs.
preference
takes
place
because
innovation
style.
Besides,
every
can
specialize
certain
field
enjoy
comparative
advantage
some
area
terms
so
they
need
do
each
make
use
efficiently
effectively.
measuring
effectiveness
global
trade,
carefully
follow
key
indicators,
namely,
payments.
FDI,
abbreviation
form
Foreign
Direct
Investment,
buying
permanent
property
nations.
occurs
when
acquisition
equity
trade.
great
significance
might
be
that:
solve
problem
capital
shortage
may
spend
advanced
equipment
technologies
infrastructure,
supporting
industry,
projects,
etc.
2
关税壁垒
非关税壁垒
从量税
配额
保护性关税
市场失灵
幼稚产业
许可证制度
财政关税
政府采购
贸易保护主义
从价税
最低限价
本地采购规则
增加内需
Domestic
content
Red-tape
barriers
subsidies
Binding
quota
Absolute
quotas
VER
Tariff-rate
Zero
"
Buy
local"
rules
Tariff
non-tariff
specific
duties
protective
tariff
market
failure
infant
industry
licensing
system
Revenue
government
procurement
protectionism
Ad
Valorem
Duties
floor
price
buy
raise
domestic
demand
国内含量
进口环节壁垒
出口补贴
绑定配额
绝对配额
自愿出口限制
关税配额
零配额
本地采购原则
II
Protectionism
encouragement
restrictions
enable
relatively
inefficient
producers
compete
successfully
producers.
保护主义是指蓄意使用或鼓励进口限制,以此使本国相对效率低的产品能成功地和外国产品竞争。
.
If
Russians
release
their
stocks
fin
into
world
market,
metal
will
sink
through
floor.
一旦俄罗斯人将其持有的锡矿股票投放于国际市场之中,那么该市场中金属的价格会跌破最低限价。
Protective
duty
imposed
imported
products
purpose
making
them
expensive
comparison
producers,
thereby
giving
advantage.
保护性关税表示对进口产品征收的关税,旨在让它们相比起本国商品更贵,从向使得本国商品具有价格优势。
Types
tariffs
include
ad
valorem,
specific,
variable,
compound.
United
States,
imposition
made
only.
Tariffs
prices
goods,
thus
less
competitive
within
country.
After
seven
Rounds”
General
Agreement
negotiations
focused
heavily
reductions,
important
measures
protection
be.
关税的种类包括从价税,从量税,可变税与复合税。
在美国,只对进口商品征税。
关税抬高了进口货物的价格,从而使得它们在进口国商品市场竞争优势下降。
继关税及贸易总协定七个回合主要关于降低税价的贸易协定之后,税收所起的保护作用日趋下降。
collected
by
customs
exports.
A
revenue
incomes
government,
but
must
taken
under
control.
To
an
unreasonably
low
which
fought
against
assessed
per
unit
basis,
case
known
duty.
also
percentage
value
item,
valorem
serve
raising
competitively
produced
gain
advantage.
3
APEC
Asia-pacific
Economic
Co-operation
FTAAP
Free
Asia
Pacific
EU
NAFTA
North
American
MERCOSUR
Mercado
Comun
Del
Cono
Sur
/
Southern
Common
Market
ASEAN
Association
Southeast
Asian
EFTA
Area
AFTA
PTAs
Preferential
agreements
bloc
贸易集团
block
贸易禁运/
封锁
Open
regionalism
开放式区域主义
自由贸易区
Customs
union
关税联盟
共同市场
经济联盟
embargoes
贸易禁运
Boycotts
抵制
歧视性关税
discriminatory
经济制裁
sanction
贸易弹性
elasticity
双边贸易协定
bilateral
agreement
最惠国
most
favored
4
.GATT
HOD
Heads
Delegations
TRIPs
Trade-related
Aspects
Intellectual
Property
Rights
GATS
Services
TRIMs
Related
Measures
MFN
Most
Favored
施惠国
Patronage
受惠国
缔约国
Contracting
Parties
市场准入
access
透明度
transparency
紧急进口措施
Urgent
Importing
争端解决机制
dispute
settlement
mechanism
可持续发展
sustainable
development
特许经营
franchise
III.1.
Until
now
WTO
150
members
volume
covers
90%
total
whole
world.
Topmost
Ministerial
Conference
least
once
years.
Under
Council
Geneva
regularly.
Secretariat,
offices
only
Geneva,
Swizerland,
around
550
regular
stuff
headed
Director-General.
Since
decisions
Members
only,
Secretariat
decision-making
powers
institutions.
provides
legal
assistance
process
advises
governments
wishing
become
WTO.
5
FOB班轮条件
清关
FOB吊钩下交货
平舱
多式联运
船舷
内陆水运
理舱
卸货费
投保
CFR卸至岸上(含着陆费)
班轮
单据买卖
CFR舱底交货
CFR班轮条件
象征性交货
FOB
liner
term
clearance
Tackle
trim
multimodal
transport
shipboard
marine
navigation
inland
waterway
stow
discharge
expense
cover
insurance
CFR
Landed
documentary
sales
Ex-ship'
Hold
symbolic
delivery
CFR,
buyers
should
effect
insurance.
CIF
Ex-Ship'
Hold,
seller
pay
charges.
CIF,
insured
amount
US
22
000
if
contracted
$20000.
CIP,
procure
buyer'
risk
loss
damage
during
carriage.
FAS
requires
clear
DEQ
buyer
proceed
payment
7.
DDP,
costs
well
duties,
taxes
official
charges
payable
upon
exportation
importation
8.
DDU
give
instant
notice
shipping
any
required
order
allow
she
take
measure.
该报价为FOB的价格并含5%的佣金。
在CPT、CIP项下,“承运人”指在货物运输合同中承诺通过铁路、公路、航空、海运、内河水运或多式运输等方式完成货物运输的人。
在FCA项下,交货地的选择对货物的装船与卸载责任有影响。
如果交货地基于卖方,卖
方有装载责任。
如果交货地在其它地方,卖方对卸载没有责任。
在FOB项下,卖方必须在约定的日期或期限内,在指定的装运港,按照该港习惯方式,将货物交至买方指定的船只上。
买方必须自货物在指定的装运港越过船舷之刻起承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
Questions
│Y
│
│N
A.1.
c;
d;
a;
b;
9.
l0.c
B.
ab;
abcdf;
abc;
aef
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