UniAdelaide心理学习题passer5tb1ch05Word格式.docx
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UniAdelaide心理学习题passer5tb1ch05Word格式.docx
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Difficulty:
Low
Page:
131
Style:
Knowledge
Topic:
SensationandPerception
APAGoal:
1.2
2.Thefinalstageintheprocessofsensingandperceivinginformationoccurswhen:
a.severalstimulus“pieces”areorganizedintoaneuralrepresentation.
b.sensoryreceptorstranslateincomingstimuliintonerveimpulses.
c.sensorystimuliactivatespecializedreceptors.
d.matchingprocessresultsinrecognitionandinterpretationofstimulus.
d
130
3.Accordingtopsychologists,theterm______________referstothestimulus-detectionprocessinwhichsensoryreceptorstranslateexternalstimuliintonerveimpulses.
a.perception
b.sensation
c.top-downprocessing
d.kinesthesis
b
4.Whichofthefollowingexamplesbestillustratestheprocessofperception?
a.recognizingthevoiceofyourbestfriend
b.detectingafaintsoundduringahearingtest
c.asensoryneuronintheeyerespondstoalighthittingit
d.adropofsugarhittingthetastebudsonyourtongue
a
Medium
Comprehension
3.2
5.Thepsychologicaltermperceptionspecificallyreferstotheprocessinwhich:
a.thesenseorgansrespondtoexternalstimuli.
b.organizationandmeaningaregiventoincomingstimuli.
c.transductiontakesplace.
d.thesenseorganstranslatestimuliintonerveimpulses.
6.Occasionally,peoplewhohavebeenblindsincebirthwillhavetheirvisionrestored.Afterward,theyareabletonoticelightandvariouscolorsbuttheyoftenhavegreatdifficultymakingsenseofthisnewsensoryinformation.Exampleslikethesebestdemonstratethedifferencebetween:
a.sensationandperception.
b.bottom-upprocessingandtop-downprocessing.
c.trichromatictheoryandopponent-processtheory.
d.rodsandcones.
7.Sensationistoperceptionas:
a.makingsenseistoperceiving.
b.noticingistodetecting.
c.sensingistodetecting.
d.detectingistomakingsense.
8.Youarelookingataveryblurryphotograph.Atfirst,allyoucanseeisavaguewhitecirclebutafterstudyingthepictureforafewminutes,youfinallyseethatitisabaseball.Youhavejustmovedfrom:
a.perceptiontosensation.
b.sensationtoperception.
c.perceptiontoadaptation.
d.sensationtosynesthesia.
9.Theareaofscientificstudythatisconcernedwithpeople’sabilitiestodetectdifferencesorchangesinstimuliiscalled:
a.psychophysics.
b.psychobiology.
c.neuropsychology.
d.physicalpsychology.
132
10.Aresearchstudyfindsthathumanscandetectateaspoonofsugarin2gallonsofwatergreaterthan50%ofthetime.Thisresultisameasureof:
a.adaptation.
b.absolutethreshold.
c.top-downprocessing.
d.falsealarm.
11.Aresearcherisconductingastudywithowlsatthezootodeterminehowsensitivetheyaretovarioussoundsandwhatthesmallestsoundisthattheycandetect.Theworkofthisresearcherismostconsistentwiththegoalsofwhichscientificarea?
a.neuropsychology
b.evolutionarypsychology
c.psychophysics
d.Gestaltpsychology
12.Theabsolutethresholdistechnicallydefinedasthelowestintensityatwhichastimuluscanbedetected______ofthetime.
a.100%
b.75%
c.66%
d.50%
13.Dr.Hallerisconductinganexperimentrelatedtovision.Heplaceshissubjectsinadarkroomandaftertheyhaveacclimated,hepresentsthemwithvisualstimuliofvaryingstrengthsandattemptstodeterminetheminimalamountoflightthatpeoplecandetect.Dr.Hallerisspecificallytryingtodeterminea(n):
a.differencethreshold.
c.minimumthreshold.
d.maximumthreshold.
Applied
4.2
14.Whenasensorysystemorsensemodalityhasalowabsolutethreshold,itspecificallyimpliesthatithas:
a.highsensitivity.
b.ahighdifferencethreshold.
c.lowsensitivity.
d.alowdifferencethreshold.
15.Thetermdecisioncriterionrefersto:
a.thedifferencebetweenanabsoluteandadifferencethreshold.
b.howcertainapersonmustfeelthatastimulusispresentbeforesayingthatitispresent.
c.theparticularsignaldetectiontheoryaresearcherusedtodetermineanabsolutethreshold.
d.theparticularsignaldetectiontheoryaresearcherusedtodetermineadifferencethreshold.
16.Howcertainapersonneedstofeelbeforesayingthataparticularstimulusispresentisreferredtoasthe:
a.choicethreshold.
b.certaintystandard.
c.decisioncriterion.
d.uncertaintynorm.
17.Bobisaparticipantinasignaldetectionstudy.Onthelasttrial,BobsaidthathesawastimulusandinfacttherewasNOstimuluspresent.Bob’sanswerwouldbeclassifiedasa:
a.hit.
b.miss.
c.falsealarm.
d.correctrejection.
18.Susanisparticipatinginanabsolutethresholdstudyonhearing.Susanjustsaidthatshewasabletohearasoundandinfact,asoundactuallywaspresentedtoher.Susan’sresponsewouldbeanexampleofa:
a.correctrejection.
b.falsealarm.
c.miss.
d.hit.
19.Youareridinginacarwithafriendwhoisdrivingafewmilesanhouroverthespeedlimitandheiswatchingintentlyforpolicecars.Yourfriendgotaticketlastweek,soeverytimeheseesacarthatlooksremotelylikeapolicecar,heslowsdown.Becauseofhisovervigilance,hehassloweddownseveraltimesforwhatturnedoutnottobepolicecars.Yourfriend’sattemptstonoticepolicecarswouldhavethemostrelevancetowhichofthefollowing?
a.Gestaltpsychology
b.bottom-upprocessing
c.signal-detectiontheory
d.sensation
20.Inasignal-detectionexperiment,aresearcherdecidestopunishincorrectdecisionsormistakesbutdoesnotrewardcorrectdetections.Theresearcher’smanipulationswouldmostlikelyillustratehow:
a.decisioncriteriacaninfluenceparticipantfactors.
b.participantfactorscaninfluencesituationalfactors.
c.situationalfactorscaninfluencedecisioncriteria.
d.participantfactorscaninfluencedecisioncriteria.
21.Aparticipantinasignal-detectionstudyhasthetendencytobeboldinherdecisionsregardingthepresenceofatargetstimulus.Asaresult,shehasmorehits,butshealsohasmorefalsealarms.Thisexampledemonstrateshow:
a.situationalfactorscanaffectparticipantcharacteristics.
b.situationalfactorscanaffectdecisioncriterion.
c.participantcharacteristicscanaffectsituationalfactors.
d.participantcharacteristicscanaffectdecisioncriterion.
22.AdamandMarcusarehuntingwhentheysuddenlyseeavagueshapeintheunderbrush.“There’sadeer,”whispersMarcus,raisinghisrifletofire.“Don’tshoot,”whispersAdam.“I’mnotsureitis.”Fromasignal-detectionstandpoint,Adamhasamore______________decisioncriterionandwantstoavoida______________.
a.conservative;
falsealarm
b.liberal;
hit
c.optimistic;
miss
d.conservative;
23.Whenastimulusissosm
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