大学如何服务社会.docx
- 文档编号:1950633
- 上传时间:2022-10-25
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:5
- 大小:20.99KB
大学如何服务社会.docx
《大学如何服务社会.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《大学如何服务社会.docx(5页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
大学如何服务社会
美国耶鲁大学校长里查德·雷文教授发表主旨讲演:
大学如何服务于社会
KeynoteAddress:
Chinese-ForeignUniversityPresidents’Forum
PresidentRichardC.Levin
July18,2006
Shanghai,China
中外大学校长论坛
IamgreatlyhonoredbytheinvitationoftheMinistryofEducationtoparticipateinthisimportantbiannualforuminvolvingthepresidentsofChina'sleadinguniversitiesandothersfromaroundtheworld.Thisisapropitioustimeforsuchagathering,asthoseofusoutsideChinacontinuetowatchwithadmirationtheenormousinvestmentyourcountryismakingtoimprovethecapacity,quality,andinternationalstandingofyouruniversities.IwanttoexpressmygratitudetoMinisterZhouJifortakingtheinitiativetoorganizethisevent.Iamdelightedtoparticipate.
Ihavebeenaskedtodiscusshowuniversitiesservetheirsociety.Thisisaquestionwellworthasking,atatimeofsuchmassiveinvestmentandgrowthhereinChina.Toanswerthequestion,IwilldrawmainlyontheexperienceofAmericanuniversities,notbecausetheircontributionsareuniqueormoreimportantthanthoseofuniversitieselsewhere.IfocusontheU.S.experiencestrictlybecauseIknowitbest,andIdosoinfullrecognitionthatsomeofthelessonslearnedinmycountrymaynotapplydirectlytoChina.
Soletmegostraighttotheanswer.Ibelievethatuniversitiesservetheirsocietyinmanyways,butIwillfocusonthecontributionthattheymakethroughthreeactivitiesinparticular:
research,education,andinstitutionalcitizenship.
First,byadvancingknowledgeofscience,technology,andmedicineuniversitiescreatethefoundationforeconomicgrowth,materialwell-beingandimprovementsinhumanhealth.
Second,byeducatingstudentstobecapableofflexible,adaptive,andcreativeresponsestochangingconditions,universitiesstrengthentheirsociety'scapacitytoinnovate.
And,third,byservingasmodelsofinstitutionalcitizenship,universitiesmakeadirectcontributiontosocialbettermentandinspiretheirstudentstorecognizeobligationtoserve.
Letmediscusseachtypeofservicetosocietyinturn.
UniversityResearchasanEngineofEconomicGrowth
Inthemoderneconomy,globalcompetitiveadvantagederivesprimarilyfromanation'scapacitytoinnovate,tointroduceanddevelopnewproducts,processes,andservices.ThishasclearlybeenthefoundationofAmerica'seconomicleadershipintheperiodfollowingtheSecondWorldWar.AndoneimportantelementinsustainingthatleadershiphasbeenthestrengthofAmericanscience.
Astheprincipallocusofbasicresearch,America'suniversitiesplayakeyroleinsustainingournation'scompetitivenessandeconomicgrowth.Basicresearch,bydefinition,ismotivatedbycuriosityandthequestforknowledge,withoutaclear,practicalobjective.Yetbasicresearchisthesourcefromwhichallcommerciallyorientedappliedresearchanddevelopmentultimatelyflows.Isayultimatelybecauseitoftentakesdecadesbeforethecommercialimplicationsofanimportantscientificdiscoveryarefullyrealized.Thecommercialpotentialofaparticulardiscoveryisoftenunanticipated,andoftenextendstomanyunrelatedindustriesandapplications.Inotherwords,thedevelopmentofinnovativeproductsandservicesthatoccurstodayusuallydependsonadvancesinbasicresearchachievedten,twenty,orfiftyyearsago-mostoftenwithoutanyideaoftheeventualconsequences.
TheemergenceofuniversitiesasAmerica'sprimarybasicresearchmachinedidnotcomeaboutbyaccident.Rather,itwastheproductofawiseandfarsightednationalsciencepolicy,setforthinanimportant1946reportthatestablishedtheframeworkforanunprecedentedandheavilysubsidizedsysteminsupportofscientificresearchthathaspropelledtheAmericaneconomy.Thesystemresteduponthreeprinciplesthatremainlargelyintacttoday.First,thefederalgovernmentshoulderstheprincipalresponsibilityforfinancingbasicscience.Second,universities-ratherthangovernmentlaboratories,non-teachingresearchinstitutes,orprivateindustry-aretheprimaryinstitutionsinwhichthisgovernment-fundedresearchisundertaken.And,third,althoughthefederalbudgetaryprocessdeterminesthetotalfundingavailableforeachofthevariousfieldsofscience,mostfundsareallocated,notaccordingtocommercialorpoliticalconsiderations,butthroughanintenselycompetitiveprocessofreviewconductedbyindependentscientificexpertswhojudgeproposalsontheirscientificmeritalone.Thissystemoforganizingsciencehasbeenanextraordinarysuccess,scientificallyandeconomically.
Toensurethatuniversity-basedscientificresearchtrulycontributestonationalwell-beingrequiresthatideasmovefromtheorytopractice.FormuchoftheperiodfollowingWorldWarII,mostU.S.universitiesdidnotactivelyseektoparticipateinthetranslationofdiscoveriesinto
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 大学 如何 服务 社会