高考英语四海八荒易错集专题04 动词及动词短语Word格式.docx

高考英语四海八荒易错集专题04 动词及动词短语Word格式.docx

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5.（2015·

湖北，26）Don'

tworry.I'

msureyourmissingglasseswillturnsoonerorlater.

别担心。

我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会找到的。

turnup出现；

发生；

开大；

发现。

答案　up

6.（2015·

陕西，25）Peterwilltakehispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.

彼得将会于下个月底就任他旅游公司负责人的职位。

考查动词短语搭配。

takeup开始从事。

7.（2015·

天津，10）Tomhadtoturntheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.

因为太忙了，上周末汤姆不得不拒绝聚会的邀请。

turndown拒绝，符合语境。

答案　down

8.（2015·

浙江，7）Bodylanguagecangivealotaboutyourmood，sostandingwithyourarmsfoldedcansendoutasignalthatyouarebeingdefensive.

答案　away

9.（2015·

江苏，27）Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogramstocaterthecountry'

sSilkRoadEconomicBelt.

大学开始开设一些新的语言项目，以迎合中国的丝绸之路经济带。

caterfor迎合，满足所需。

答案　for

10.（2015·

江苏，29）ThewholeteamcountCristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.

整个团队依靠CristiansDonald，他很少让他们失望。

counton依靠，指望。

答案　on

易错起源1、考查动词辨析

例1．Trynottocoughmorethanyoucan________sinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.

A.checkB．allowC．stopD．help

解析：

D　考查动词辨析。

考生需掌握短语morethanonecanhelp的意思“尽量不”，故正确答案是D项。

尽量不要咳嗽，因为这会给你的肺带来问题。

【名师点睛】

高考常考的几组动词词义辨析

1．injure，hurt，wound，destroy

injure

一般指在意外事故中受伤

hurt

是表示“伤害”的一般用法，既可指对肉体的伤害，也可指对情感的伤害

wound

常指外伤，尤指在战争、战斗中造成的伤害

destroy

一般指彻底损坏，常译成“毁坏，损坏”

Ididn'

twanttohurth

isfeelings.

我不想伤害他的感情。

Hewaswoundedinthebattle.

他在战斗中负过伤。

2．beat，hi

t，strike，defeat，win

beat

表示“（尤指用棍或其他硬物）接连地打，击”，还可表示“打败，胜过”

hit

表示对准目标打一下，强调击中

strike

表示突然性或一次性的击打

defeat

（＝beat）是指“击败，战胜”，宾语通常是人或集体

win

是“（在……中）获胜”或“赢”的意思，宾语通常为war，match，game，prize，medal，respect，battle等名词

OurteambeattheAmericanteambyeight.

我们队以超过美国队八分的成绩战胜了。

Shehithimoutofanger.

她生气地打了他一下。

Thetowerwasstruckbylightning.

该塔被闪电击中了。

Hedefeatedalltheotherparticipantsandwontheprize.

他击败了其他参赛者，获了奖。

【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】adopt，attach，adapt，adjust的区别

adopt

vt.采取，采纳；

收养，领养

attach

vt.把……附（在……上）；

重视

attachmuchimportanceto...非常重视……

adapt

vt.适应；

adaptoneselfto适应于

adjust

vt.适应，调整；

adjustoneselfto适应于

Thiskindofdeskcanbeadjustedtotheheightyouneed;

besides,itisnotexpensiveatall.

这个桌子可以根据你需要的高度而调整，而且一点也不贵。

Recently,

tomaintainnationalbalance,theChinesegovernmenthasadoptedapolicyofencouragingcollegegraduatesto

takepositionsinruralareas.

为了保持平衡，中国政府最近通过了一项鼓励大学毕业生去农村就业的政策。

Parentsattachmuchimportancetoeducation.Theywilldotheirbesttogivetheirchildrenthatpricelessgift.

父母亲都非常重视教育。

他们会尽自己最大的努力给予孩子们无价的馈赠

易错起源2、考查动词短语的用法和意义

例2．Wethoughtofsellingthisoldfurniture,butwe’vedecidedtoit.Itmightbevaluable.

A.holdontoB.keepupwithC.turnt

oD.lookafter

【错误解答】D

【正确解答】A

多记一些常见动词及短语的含义和用法并学会在特定语境中灵活运用。

以下为常见短语动词:

一、动词+介词/副词

短语

例句

Acton照……行事

Heactsonprinciples.

answerfor对……负责

Youwillanswerforwhatyou’vedone.

Arm...against带武器以防

Hearmedhimselfagainstwildanimals.

agreewith同意（某人）

Iagreewithher.

agreeto同意（建议等）

Theyagreedtotheproposal.

apreeon（in）同意商定（问题，条件等）

Theyagreedonthequestion.

arriveat／in到达（某地）

HearrivedinNanjingatfiveo’clockyesterdaymornring.

Atmat瞄准

Heaimedthegunatthebird.

Askafter问候

Myfateraskedafteryou.

Askfor请求

Theboyaskedformorefood.

borrow．．．from从……借来

HeborrowedalikefromMary.

believein信任

Weallbelieveinher.

belongto属于

Thehousebelongstome.

burstinto突然……起来

Sheburstintotearsatthenews.

beginat从（页）开始

Todayweshallbeginatpage40.

Babe...on根据

hebasedtheconclusiononexperiments.

beataboutthebush绕弯子

Tellmethetruth.Don’tbeataboutthebush.

Consistof由……组成

Thesocietyconsistsoffivemembers.

congratulate……on祝贺

Wecongratulatedheronwinningthecontest.

cometoanend结束

Thetalkcometoanendatten.

compare．．．to把……比作

Hecomparedtheyoungtotherisingsun.

compare．．．with同……相比

Shecomparedthebluepenwiththeredpen.

carebr喜欢；

照料

Hedoesn’tcareforplayingfootball.

Change．．．for用……交换

Hechangedhisradioforarecorder.

ChanSefrom．．．to从……转到

ShechangedfromteamAtoteamB.

clearup放晴

Theweatherclearedupintheafternoon.

comeacross偶然碰到

Icameacrossanoldfriendinthestreet.

comeinto想出；

进入

Anideasuddenlycameintomymind.

ca11up打电话

Ishallcallherupsoon.

Csllfor叫（人）

Hewillcallforyouintheevening.

callfor为……叫喊

Heheardsomeonecallingforhelp.

cdllon访问（某人）

ShewillcallonafriendonSunday.

cdllon号召

ThePartycalledonustostudyhard.

Cure...of治愈

Fhemedicinecuredhimofhispain.

dependon依靠

Hedependedonhismotherinlife.

disagreewith与……意见不同

Hedisagreedwithherovertheplan.

Dieof因……病、饥饿等而死

Themandiedofcancer.

Diefrom因……伤、意外等而死

Thediedmandiedfromaseriouswound.

Diefor为……而死

Hediedforthepeople.

devoteto把……用于

shedevotedallhermoneytohuvinebooks.

engedin从事，忙于

Heisengagedinwritingnewbook.

Endwith以……结束

Thepartyendedwithdancing.

failin在……失败

Shefailedinwinningthegame.

findout查明

Hehasnotfoundoutthetroubleyet.

giveup放弃

Nevergiveuphope.

giveover克服，渡过

You’llsoongetoveryourshyness.

Geton（／off）上车（／下车）

ShegotonthebusatGulouSquare.

Geton进展

Heisgettingonwellinthework.

Getreadyfor准备好

Hehasgotreadyforthejourney.

Getin收进

ThepeasantsgotinthewheatinMay.

growup长大，发展

Thechildrenhavealreadygrownup.

give

in投降（让步）

Theygaveinatlast.

Getup起床

Shegetsupearlyeverymorning.

Goon继续

Themeetingwentondeepintothenight.

goallout竭尽全力

Theywentallouttobuildtheairport.

Sothrough通过；

细察

Shewentthroughthebookbeforebuyingit.

goover复习，看一遍

Shewentoverthelessonsforthreetimes.

godown（日，月）落下，下沉

Themoonhasgonedown.

gowithout放弃，没有也行

Hehadtogowithoutfood.

Handin交进来

Theyhandedintheirpapeps.

Havenothingtodowith与……无关

Hehasnothingtodowiththematter.

Havesomethingtodowith与……无关

Doesshehaveanythingtodowiththecase?

Headfor朝……去

Theshipisheadingforthenearestport.

Helpwith帮助

HehelpedherwithherEnglish.

Help...in在……帮助

HehelpedherinstudyinEnglish.

Hopefor希望（得到）

ShehopedforMarytocome.

introduce．．．to．．．介绍

Sheintroducedmetoherfather.

inspire．．．with．．．以……激发

Heinspiredthemwithcourage.

insiston坚持

Sheinsistedondoingitthatway.

interferewith（in）妨碍；

干涉

Don’tinterfereWithhiswork.

joinin参加（活动）

shealsojoinedinthedancing.

joinsb.in加入某人从事

Hejoinedusinwateringthetees.

keepon继续

Shekeptonmakingexperinents.

Knockat敲（门等）

Someoneisknockingatthedoor.

loogfor渴望

I’mlongingforaletterfromhim.

lookup查寻；

向上看

Heislookingupanewwordinthedictionary.

lookupon．．．as把……看作

Doyoulookuponhimasagoodfriend?

learn．．．byheart背会

Shehaslearntitbyheart.

Leavefor动身去

HeisleavingforNanjingnextweek.

lookfor寻找

Thepolicearelookingforthelostcar.

Liein位于

Thetownliesinthehills.

liveon靠……生活，以……为主食

Sheepliveongrass.

laughat对……笑，嘲笑

D

on’tlaughatothers.

lookthrout翻阅；

浏览

Theboylookedthroughthepicturebook.

Mix．．．with同……混合

Oilandwatercan’tmixwitheachother.

meetwith遇到

Shemetwithsomedifficulties.

makeupone’smind决定

Hehasmadeuphismindwhattosay.

Oweto归功于

Heowedallhissuccesstohisparents.

Operateon为……手术

Heoperatedonthewoundedsoldier.

Put．．．into把……放入

Sheputthebookintothebag.

playwith玩

Theboyplayedwithatoytank.

Putup举起

Theyputuptheirhands.

Putup挂起

Sheputupapictureonthewall.

Putoff推达

Thematchisputoffowingtotherain.

Pointout指出

Theteacherpointedouthismistakes.

presideover主持（会议）

Whoistopresideoverthemeeting?

present...with赠送

Hepresentedherwithagoldwatch.

Put．．．across使理解（相信）

Shedidn’tputthemeaningacrossverywell.

Prevent．．．from阻止

Thesnowpreventedhimfromcoming.

persistin坚持

Hepersistedindoingthat.

Put...intopractice实施

Weshallputtheplanintopractice.

quarrelover为……争吵

Theyquarrelledovertheproperty.

quarrelwith同……争吵

Shequanelledwithhermother.

Replyt

o答复

Hehasn’trepliedtomeyet.

recoverfrom恢复

Shehasrecoveredfromherillness.

Relyon依靠

Hereliedonhisdaughterinthepast.

refrainfrom设法不，忍住

Pleaserefrainfromsmoking.

Rob...of...抢走

Thepainrobbedhimofsleep.

Runover辗过去

Thebusrunoverhislegs.

resultfrom由……引起

Hisillnessresultsfromovereating.

resultin导致

Overeatingresultsinhisillness.

Remembersb.to代问好

Pleaseremembermetoyourmother.

Setabout着手干

Theysetabouttheworkatonce.

Setout出发

Theysetoutatdawn.

succeedin成功

Hesucceededinpassingtheexam.

Speakoff说到

Sheoncespokeofthebooktome.

Supply...with提供

Theysuppliedthesoldierswithweapons.

sharein分担（享）

Hesharedinherjoysandsorrows.

sharesthwit