从语境观看李克强记者招待会口译Word格式文档下载.docx
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从语境观看李克强记者招待会口译Word格式文档下载.docx
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11英语1班
学院:
外国语学院
指导教师:
2015年05月30日
PremierLi’sPressConferences
fromthePerspectiveofConceptofContext
By
Agraduatethesis
submittedinpartialfulfillmentoftherequirements
forthedegreeofBachelorofArtstothe
CollegeofForeignLanguages
NorthChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology
May30th,2015
摘要
语境与口译的关系一直受到口译研究者们的关注。
但以往研究的重点大多只放在分析上下文语境对口译过程的重要性,而较少涉及文化语境与情景语境对口译活动的具体影响。
本论文将通过分析李克强的记者招待会来探讨语境在会议口译中的应用。
首先本文将会引用系统功能语言学中语境观的相关理论。
语境观包括文化语境,情景语境和语言语境三个层面。
而文化语境和情景语境语境具体反映在语言语境中。
随后论文分析李克强总理记者招待会的特点,并通过典型的实例加以说明。
接下来本文分析系统功能语言学中语境观在李克强总理记者招待会口译中的应用。
最终得出结论,这种场合中口译员需具备广泛的文化知识,如历史知识、文学知识,并了解中西方之间的文化差异。
此外,口译活动中的正式官方的语言环境也限制了口译员对语音,词汇和句法的选择。
而译员也需要借助语境来推断口译中的模糊信息,以梳理出逻辑,传递正确信息。
关键词语境观;
李克强记者招待会;
口译
ABSTRACT
Bynowalotinterpretingresearchersstudytherelationbetweencontextandinterpreting.However,theyputmuchemphasisontheimportanceofco-textininterpreting,andignorethespecificimpactofthecontextofcultureandthecontextofsituation.ThisthesishastriedtoapplytheconceptofcontexttotheinterpretinginPremierLi’spressconferencesandstudytheinfluenceofcontextininterpreting.
Firstlythethesisreviewstheconceptofcontextaboutsystemicfunctionallinguistics.Therearethreestrataincontext,whichcontainscontextofculture,contextofsituationandco-text.Andco-textisthereflectionofcontextofculture,contextofsituation.ThenthethesisexploresthecharacteristicsofPremierLi’spressconferencesandprovesthatwithtypicalexamples.Afterthat,thethesisresearchtheapplicationoftheconceptofcontexttoPremierLi’spressconferencesinterpreting.Attheend,thestudydrawsanconclusionthattheinterpreterneedsabundantculturalknowledgeforthatconferences,suchashistoryknowledge,literaryknowledgeandsoon.
What’smore,theregisterofpressconferencesinterpretingisformal.Sotheymakeadifferencetothechoiceofphonology,dictionandsentencefortheinterpreter.Besides,theinterpreteralsoneedlinguisticcontexttoinferfromsomefuzzyinformationtoteaseouttheoriginalspeechandtranslatecorrectandlogicalinformation.
Keywordsinterpreting;
theconceptofcontext;
PremierLi’spressconferences
CONTENTS
PremierLi’sPressConferencesi
fromthePerspectiveofConceptofContexti
摘要I
ABSTRACTII
CONTENTSIII
Chapter1Introduction4
1.1AnOverviewofContext4
1.1.1DefinitionofContext4
1.1.2ClassificationofContext6
1.2ContextinInterpreting7
Chapter2theconceptofcontext9
2.1Malinowski’sNotionofContext9
2.2Firth’sNotionofContext10
2.3SFL’sNotionofContext11
2.3.1ContextofCulture11
2.3.2ContextofSituation12
2.3.3ContextofCo-text12
2.3.4SFL’sViewofContextinComparisonwithOtherSchools13
2.3.5CurrentDevelopmentofSFL13
Chapter3CharacteristicsofPremierLi’sPressConferences15
3.1FeaturesofContent15
3.2FeaturesofAudience16
3.2.1DirectandIndirectAudience16
3.2.2AVarietyofAccents16
3.3FeaturesofSpeaker16
3.4NatureofPremier’sPressConferences17
Chapter4Conclusion18
Tosumup,thisthesisismerelyatentativeprobeintheapplicationofcontextininterpretingbydoingspecificresearchontheinterpretingofforPremierLi’spressconferences.Theauthorhasintendedtocontributeherownunderstandingaboutit,yet,duetotheinsufficiencyoftheauthor’sknowledgeandexperience,thisthesisleavesmuchtobedesired.Itistheauthor’swishthatmoreandmorerelevantempiricalstudiesbemadesothatwecantestifytheargumenthere,thusprovidemoreenlightenmentabouttheapplicationofcontextininterpreting.18
BIBLIOGRAPHY19
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS20
Chapter1Introduction
Contextisveryimportantforinterpretation.Afamoustranslationtheorist,PeterNewmark,saysthat“contextistheoverridingfactorinalltranslation,andhasprimacyoveranyrule,theory,orprimarymeaning.”inhisbookApproachestoTranslation.Insomeinterpretingactivities,theinterpreterneedsbothlinguisticcontextandnon-linguisticcontext.Becausetheinterpreterdoeshisworkundertheimpactofhis/herownsocialandculturalbackgroundandtheconferencesituation.Systemicfunctionallinguisticsholdsthatcontexthavethreestrata:
contextofculture,contextofsituationandco-text.Dependingonthis,thisthesisanalyzesPremierLi’spressconferencesbyapplyingtheconceptofcontextintheinterpretingwith.
Thisthesisiscomprisedoffivechapters.ChapterOneistheintroductionoftheholethesis.ChapterTwoisabouttheconceptofcontextinsystemicfunctionallinguistics.ChapterThreeisaboutthecharacteristicsofPremierLi’spressconferences.ChapterFouristhestudyofapplyingtheconceptofcontexttosomespecificexamplesfromPremierLi’spressconferencesinterpreting.ChapterFiveisabouttheconclusionofthisthesis.
1.1AnOverviewofContext
Contextisverynecessarytocomprehendandinterpretlanguage.Itiscontextthatmakesasentencebecomesmeaningfulwithitsrealcommunicativevalue.Thestudyofcontextarisesmuchattentionoflinguisticsscholars.Andespeciallycontextisimportanttocommunicateininterpreting.Narrowlyspeaking,contextreferstoco-text;
broadlyspeaking,itreferstothelinguisticandnonlinguisticelementsrelatedtoanutterance.
1.1.1DefinitionofContext
Therearevariousdefinitionshavebeengiventointerpreting.TheChineseinterpreterZhongShukongsaid,“Interpreting,essentially,meansanextemporeoralreproduction,inonelanguage,ofwhatissaid…interpretingcannotbeviewedasamerelylinguisticundertaking,butshouldberegardedasanaspectofalargerdomainnamely,thatofcommunication.Inthecaseofcomplexdiscourseorspeeches,interpretinginvolvesnotonlylinguisticproficiency,butalsoencyclopedicknowledge”.(ZhongShuli,1999)
Contextisdefinedbyvariousscholarswithvariousconnotationsfromdifferentaspects.Inmyopinion,thereisnotarigorousdefinitionofcontext.Contextisconcernedtohavearoleininterpretingsentencesassentencescontainedrelevantcontext.Thisrelevantcontextreferstobothsurroundingtextwhichcalledlinguisticcontextandothersituationofsentencescallednon-linguisticcontext.Cooksaidthatcontextisakingofknowledgeoftheworld.Thedefinitionofcontextwantstoimplysomeenvironmentandcircumstancesforadiscourse.Thatissomethingweareawareofforunderstandingthediscourse.Since1970s,linguistsbecomeawareoftheimportanceofcontextininterpreting.
Intherecentanalysis,thereisnodeterminedopiniononthenotionofcontext.However,variousexpressionshavesomethingincommon.Generallyspeaking,thenotionofcontextcanbedividedintotwosorts:
oneistoregardcontextasthecollectionofelementsthatareabstractedfromthesubstances.Theseelementscanmakeinfluenceonthehearers.Theotheristodefinecontextasthesharedbackgroundknowledgeofhearers,whichmakethehearerstounderstandthemeaningandconnotationsofthespeaker.
Themeaningoflanguageisnotsimple.However,inthelinguisticsfield,languagecontainstwo-layermeaningwhichreferstotherangeofsemanticsandpragmaticsseparately.Intheviewoftraditionalsemantics,meaningistheintrinsicpropertyoflanguage,withoutrelatingtoanyoutsidefactors.Unlimitedbyanycontext,themeaningoflanguageisnarroweddowntoansimplescope.Onthecontrary,meaninginthepragmaticsscopeisrelatedtocertaincontext.Therearesomanyfactors,,speaker,location,tone,andsoon.Theywillberegardedasfactorsrelatedtotheintentionofthediscourse.Inthiswaythemeaningofandiscourseisspecified.Anexamplecanshowthedifferencebetweenthesetwoaspects.“It’sabeautifulday”maybeastatementofweathertosemantics.Wellonceconsideringthespecificsituation,taketimeforexample,thissimplesentenceshouldbeinterpretedintogoingoutforawalk.
Contextandmeaningarethetwosimilarfactorsinpragmatics.Itisnecessarytograbtherelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors.Intermsofinterpreting,contexthasthreeroles,explanation,clarification,limitationandrestriction.Recentresearchesfindthattraditionalmethodofunderstandingthemeaningoflanguagegrammarfailtomakeouttherealintentionconveyedbylanguage.Like“It’sabeautifulday”canjustbeconsideredasastatement.Withouttheaccountofcontext,peoplecanonlypayattentiontotheliteralmeaningforthesentencebutneverthinkaboutwhatitreallymeans.Socontexthelpstoimplyacertainmeaningoflanguage.Contextreallypicksappropriateexplanationtoaword,excludingotherinterruptingoptions.Contextcanconveytheimplicitinformationtoprovidethewholemessage.Hearer’schoiceofwordsaresubjecttothecontext.Inthiswaytheirlanguagecanbeconsideredappropriateandacceptable.Thecommonexampleisthepolitenessinourdailylife.Peopleneedtochoosedifferentwordsondifferentoccasionstoavoidembarrassmentandrudeness.
1.1.2ClassificationofContext
Becausecontextisimportanttotheanalysisofmeaning,contextisannecessaryfactorininterpretingactivities.Totakeupthestudyofcontext,theclassificationofitisnecessary.
Dependingondifferentcriteria,interpretingcanbeclassifiedindifferentgroups.“Becausetheinterpretingtechniqueusedintheperformanceofinterpreting,interpretingcanbeclassifiedintosimultaneousandconsecutiveinterpreting.Intermsofforms,itisclassifiedintofivekinds:
alternatinginterpreting,consecutive
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