考研英语一真题及答案word版Word文档格式.docx
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考研英语一真题及答案word版Word文档格式.docx
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Thedivorcedmaledoesn’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaittenmonths.
1.[A]bywayof[B]onbehalfof[C]aswellas[D]withregardto
2.[A]adaptto[B]providefor[C]competewith[D]decideon
3.[A]close[B]renew[C]arrange[D]postpone
4.[A]Aboveall[B]Intheory[C]Intime[D]Forexample
5.[A]Although[B]Lest[C]After[D]Unless
6.[A]into[B]within[C]from[D]through
7.[A]since[B]but[C]or[D]so
8.[A]copy[B]test[C]recite[D]create
9.[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrapping[D]tying
10.[A]passing[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving
11.[A]meeting[B]collection[C]association[D]union
12.[A]grow[B]part[C]deal[D]live
13.[A]whereas[B]until[C]if[D]for
14.[A]obtain[B]follow[C]challenge[D]avoid
15.[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed
16.[A]whatever[B]however[C]whenever[D]wherever
17.[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed
18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided
19.
[A]breaks
[B]warms
[C]shows
[D]clears
20.[A]so
[B]while
[C]once
[D]in
that
Text1
France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunaways.Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.
Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath-assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.
Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen(andmanymen)thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.
TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.
Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.
IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:
“Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.”Thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek(CFW),whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.
Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.
21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?
[A]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.
[B]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.
[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.
[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.
22.Thephrase“impingingon”(Line2,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto
[A]heighteningthevalueof.
[B]indicatingthestateof.
[C]losingfaithin.
[D]doingharmto.
23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?
[A]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.
[B]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.
[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.
[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.
24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor
[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions.
[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels’character.
[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors.
[D]settingahighagethresholdformodels.
25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?
[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals
[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingModelsinFrance
[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty
[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry
Text2
Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService(NHS)aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.
AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”Hill’spressureslaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.
Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.TheConservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,evenauthorizing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConservativeparties.
Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone,withnointrusionongreenbelt.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.
Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?
Developmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowdedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthealternative—thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,SpainorIreland.Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.
26.Britain’spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside____
[A]didn’tstarttilltheShakespeareanage.
[B]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS.
[C]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily.
[D]isnotwellreflectedinpolitics.
27.AccordingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowbeing____
[A]graduallydestroyed.
[B]effectivelyreinforced.
[C]largelyovershadowed.
[D]properlyprotected.
28.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?
[A]Labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment.
[B]TheConservativesmayabandon“off-plan”building.
[C]TheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence.
[D]Ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation.
29.TheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborne’spreference____
[A]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressure.
[B]showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareas.
[C]stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisis.
[D]revealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareas.
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