会计英语论文Word格式.docx
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会计英语论文Word格式.docx
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Teammembers:
SHAOLIANCHEN
XIAONANGUO
HUIMINMA
NINGMAO
Faculty:
SHUJINGLI
Dec20,2014
GuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies
SouthChinaBusinessCollege
Contents
Introduction...............................................................................................................2
TheScopeofInvestmentpropertyAccounting........................................................2
ModelforSubsequentMeasurement........................................................................3
HowtoDeterminetheFairValue.............................................................................3
5.
1.ExecutiveSummary
InFebruary,2006,ourcountryissuedthenewaccountingstandards,whichhasbeensuitableforthelistedcompaniessinceJanuary1,2007.Thisisamilestoneinouraccountantforum,whichwillpromotethetransitiontoamoremoderneconomicmodelinourcountry,andhelpinvestorstomaketheirdecisionswiser.Underthebackgroundofglobaleconomicintegration,accounting,asauniversalbusinesslanguageallovertheworldhasplayedanincreasinglyimportantroleonthestage.Theinternationalizationofaccountingstandardshasbecomeacontroversialissueinacademiainrecentyears.AstheinternationalaccountingstandardslargelyreflectsGAAPandhasgainedwideacceptance,wechoosetocompareChinesewithInternationalAccountingPrinciplesasastartingpoint.Throughthecomparisonofthefouraspectsofthenewaccountingstandardsandinternationalaccountingstandards,wesummarizethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwo,andtrytoexplorethereasonsforit.Inthelastpart,wewillofferseveralproposalswhicharehelpfultoharmonizetwostandards.
2.Introduction
Inthispaper,ourgroupchosetocompareChinawithinternationalaccountingstandardsasastartingpoint.Throughthecomparisonofthenewaccountingstandardsinfourareasoftheinternationalaccountingstandards,wewillsummarizethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwo.Fourpointswerechosen,theywere,thecomparisonofInvestmentProperty,assetimpairment,CapitalassetsdepreciationmethodandtheIntangibleAsset.Foreachpoint,wewillcarryoutabriefintroduction,andthenexpandspecificnarrative.
3.Maincontentofthereport
ThecomparisonofInvestmentPropertybetweenIASandCAS
3.1.1Introduction
HereisthecomparisonbetweenChineseAccountingStandard(CAS)3andInternationalAccountingStandard(IAS)40.
AccordingtotheInternationalAccountingStandard(IAS)40InvestmentPropertyandChineseAccountingStandard(CAS)3InvestmentProperty,wecancomparethedifferenceofinvestmentpropertybetweenIASandCAS.Itcanbegeneralizedinthreepoints:
thescopeofinvestmentpropertyaccounting,accountingpolicyandthedeterminationoffairvalue
3.1.2TheScopeofInvestmentPropertyAccounting
IAS40InvestmentPropertydefinesinvestmentpropertyasproperty(landofbuilding-orpartofabuilding-orboth)held(bytheownerorbythelesseeunderafinancelease)toearnrentalsorforcapitalappreciationorboth,ratherthanfor:
(a)useintheproductionorsupplyofgoodsorservicesorforadministrativepurposes;
or(b)saleintheordinarycourseofbusiness.ButCAS3InvestmentPropertydefinesinvestmentpropertyreferstotherealestatesheldforgeneratingrentand/orcapitalappreciationandtheinvestmentrealestateshallbemeasuredandsoldrespectively.Itinclude(a)Therighttouseanylandwhichhasalreadybeenrented;
(b)Therighttouseanylandwhichisheldandpreparedfortransferafterappreciation;
and.(c)Therighttouseanybuildingwhichhasalreadybeenrented.
WecanseethatthescopeofinvestmentpropertyaccountingprescribedbyCASissmallerthanIAS.Itshowsitprincipallyintwopoints:
A.IAShasprescribedthattherealestateequitywhichmeetsthechallengeofoperationleasecanberangedintoinvestmentproperty,whileCAShasprescribedthatifthepropertyrightunderoperationleasehasbeenrentoutagain,couldnotbedeterminedininvestmentproperty.
B.IASalsoprescribedthatthelandhasnotbeendeterminedapplicationcanbeinvestmentproperty.ButinCAS,onlythelandwhichhasbeenholdandpreparetoincreaseinvaluefortransferencecanbeconfirmedtoinvestmentproperty.
3.1.3ModelforSubsequentMeasurement
InIAS,bothoffairvaluemodelsandcostofmodelcanbeselected.Oncethisalternativeisselectedforonsuchproperty,allpropertyclassifiedasinvestmentpropertyistobeaccountedforconsistentlyinonebasis.OntheprincipleofCAS,inbalancesheetdateshouldusemostmodelstofinishsubsequentmeasurement.Butifthereareproof-positiveoftheacquisitionofinvestmentpropertyfairvalueisdurativeandreliable,itcanalsousefairvaluemodelinsubsequentmeasurement.
3.1.4HowtoDeterminetheFairValue
InIAS,thefairvalueofinvestmentpropertyistheunbiddenpropertytransferpricebetweenthemenonthespotinfairtrade.InCAS,thereispracticallynospecialexplanationforthedefinitionoffairvalue.
ThecomparisonofAssetImpairmentbetweenIASandCAS
3.2.1Introduction
ThispapercomparedmeasurementofassetimpairmentbetweentheChineseaccountingstandards(CAS)andinternationalaccountingstandards(IAS),analyzedtheirsimilaritiesanddifferencesandthereason,andproposedthecharacteristicofnewassetimpairmentaccountingstandard.
3.2.2TheRecoverableAmountsDetermination
IAS36stipulatedthattherecoverablevaluereferstothehigheroneofthesalesnetpriceanditsusevalue.AccordingtotherequestofIAS36,theenterprisesmustforecasttheassetcashflows,choosethesuitablediscountrate,andwecangainthepresentvalueastheusevalue.Thenwecomparetheusevaluewiththesalesnetprice,andselectthehigheroneastheasset’srecoverableamounts.CAS8stipulatedthattherecoverableamountsarethehigheroneoftheestimateddiscountedfuturecashflowsandthenetvaluethatthefairvalueminusthedisposedexpenses.Obviously,thedefinitionoftherecoverableamountsbetweentheIAS36andtheCAS8isbasicconsistent.CAS8proposedthesimilarrequestforthediscountratechoice,theforecaststandardandtheconstituentingredient.ButasforthestipulationofIAS36istooprinciple,theoperationevenabusesituationexistinthepracticalwork.Ourcountryalsohasthesimilarproblem;
theenterprisecandodgetheassetimpairmentstandardthroughselectingthediscountrates.
3.2.3ThecomparisonofAILossReturns
Inordertoavoidoperatingprofitsspitefullyusingthemakingandreturnofassetimpairment,theCAS8stipulatedtheimpairmentlossescan’tbereturnedassoonasthelossesdetermined,onlywhendisposedtheasset,itispermittedtocarryontheaccountingtreatment.Thisprocedureonlyrepresentedtheoneviewpointinternationally.Theassetimpairmentlossesthatdeterminedpreviousyearwhethertopermitreturns,therehavetwoviewpointsmainly:
Thefirstviewpointwasthatwecanreturnthedeterminedassetimpairmentlosses;
anotherviewpointwasthatwecannotreturnthedeterminedassetimpairmentlosses.ThestipulationoftheCAS8conformedtotheeconomicenvironmentinChina.
Firstly,ourcountry'
sstockmarketisimmatureandimperfectatpresent;
itisquiteseriousfortheenterprises,speciallythelistedcompaniestooperatetheprofitsusingtheassetimpairmentreturns.Secondly,theaccountantoccupationjudgmentlevelwaitsforfurtherenhancing.Therefore,consideredfromthisangle,thisstipulationhascertainrationality.ButtheIAS36representedthefirstviewpoint,stipulatedthattheassetimpairmentlossesmayreturn.ThestandardstipulatedthattheIAS36shouldreflecttheasset’struevalue,supplytheusefulaccountinginformationfortherealityandthepotentialinvestor.Toreflecttheasset’struevalue,weshoulddeterminethelossesorexpensesofassetimpairmentwhentherecoverableamountsarelowerthanthebookvalue.Whentherecoverableamountsimprovedtosomeextent,theassetimpairmentshouldberestored.TheauthorbelievedthatthestipulationofCAS8isworththinkingfurther.Toavoidtheoperationprofitsusingtheassetimpairment,CAS8hasthecertainrationalitythatforbidstoreturntheassetimpairmentlosses,butitisveryobviousthatthiswaycan’treflecttheasset’struevalue.Therefore,withtheimprovementofthemarketenvironment,thelegalenvironment,andtheassetimpairmentstandardunceasingly,theCAS8shouldpermittheassetimpairmentreturnsunderspecialcondition.
3.3.1Depreciationoffixedasset
Thestraight-LineMethod,AcceleratedMethods,Sum-of-the-Years’-DigitsMethodandDeclining-BalanceMethodstandardsinourcountryareallowedinthedepreciationmethodofcapitalassets.Internationalstandardsutilizesstraightlinemethod,thedecliningbalancemethodandunitcombinedmethodinthedepreciationmethods.
3.3.2TheStartorStopTimeofTheDepreciationofCA
InInternationalaccountingstandardsandmanycountriesarenotclearlydefined.TheprovisionsofAccountingStandardsinchina:
Capitalassetsdepreciationofitsdepreciationisbasedonbookingearlytotheoriginalvalue.Monthincreasinginthemonthnottomentionthedepreciationofcapitalassets,anddepreciatingfromnextmonth;
themonthremainedfixedassetsdepreciationwhenreducingorstopping,anddepreciationceasefromnextmonth.Incontrast,China'
scapitalassetdepreciationprovisionaremoreprecisea
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