跨文化交际案例分析Word文件下载.docx

跨文化交际案例分析Word文件下载.docx

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“Ah,shehasthreehands.”thephysiotherapistreplied.

AtthesewordstheChinesedoctorbecameevenmoreupset.Shewassodisturbedthatshebehavedinawayuncharacteristicofherculture.Shewaiteduntilthepatienthadgone,andthensaidtothephysiotherapist,“I’mveryupsetbywhatyousaid.”Thephysiotherapistwastakenaback.“WhathadIsaid?

”“YousaidIhadthreehands,”theChinesedoctorfinallychoked.“YouthinkItookthepeanutbutter.”

Answerthefollowingquestions:

1.Howdoyouunderstandthephrase“tohavethreehands”?

（3分）

2.Whatcausedtheircommunicationconflicts?

（7分）

ThiscasecanreflectthedifferentcommunicationstylesbetweenChineseandCanadians.Inwesterncultures,communicationisthemeansoftransmittingideas.Westernpeopleusuallycommunicatedirectlywitheachother.ThatiswhytheCanadianinthiscasesayswhatisinhisminddirectlyinfrontoftheChinesewomanwithouthidinganything.WhileChineseculturestressesharmonyandemphasizestherelationshipsbetweenthecommunicators.Chinesepeopleviewcommunicationasaprocesswhereallpartiesaresearchingtodevelopandmaintainasocialrelationship.SotheChinesewomaninthiscasetriesnottoarguewiththeCanadianfacetofacetokeepthe“harmoniousrelationship”betweenthem.

Case2:

LeftintheCold

KatherinecametoBeijingin1998andfoundajobasanEnglishteacherinaforeignlanguageinstitute.Soonafterherclassesbeganshefoundthatherstudentsshowednointerestinherteachingstyle.Quiteafewofthemavoidedattendingherclass.ShewasfeelingquiteupsetanddiscouragedsoshedecidedtoasktheDirector,Prof.Wangforhelp.Prof.Wangreviewedhistimetableandsuggestedtheymeetatteno’clockonThursdaymorning.WhenThursdaycame,KatherinearrivedatProf.Wang’sofficeattheexactlyteno’clockfindinghimtalkingwithanotherteacherinChinese.Seeingthatshehadcome,Prof.Wangsmiledandgesturedhertositdown.Katherinesatdownandtheprofessorexcusedhimselfandcontinuedtotalkwiththeotherteacher.Afterfiveminutes,hefinishedhisconversation,andapologizedtoKatherine,andbegantofocushisattentiononhersituation.Prof.Wangshowedgreatconcernandaskedherwhattheproblemwas.Justasshewasdiscussingherproblem,anotherChineseteacherinterrupted,withaformthatrequiredtheDirector’ssignature.TheDirectorsmiled,apologizedtoKatherineagain,andturnedtotalkwiththeChineseteacherinChinese.Katherinebecameimpatient,andwonderedwhytheirdiscussionshouldbeinterruptedsinceshehadmadeanappointment.Also,shewasupsetandfrustratedthattheycontinuedtospeakChineseinfrontofher.Althoughtheirtalkcontinued,shewasapparentlyunhappyaboutwhathadhappened.

1.HowwouldyouexplaintheDirector’sbehaviortowardKathrine?

（5分）

2.HowwouldyoumaketheDirectorunderstandwhyKatherinefeltfrustratedandangry?

（5分）

Comment

ThisisatypicalculturalclashbetweenChineseandWesterners.Thereisagreatdifferenceintheconceptofappointmentanditsbehaviorpatternindifferentcultures.ToAmericans,anappointmentisaconfirmationtomeetataprecisetime.Ifanappointmentisscheduled,bothpartiesshouldrespecttheappointmenttime.Forexample,ifaprofessormakesanappointmentwithastudentatacertaintime,itshouldnotbeinterruptedbyotherthingsorpeople.Inaddition,Westernersaregoodtimekeepers;

theyadherestrictlytoschedules.However,Chineseviewappointmentsinamoreflexiblemanner.Theyaremorecasualaboutcommitments.ThisdifferenceinattitudestowardappointmentwastherootofKatherine’sunhappiness.SincetheDirectormadeantena’clockappointment,heshouldhavetriedtoavoidanyinterruption.However,whenKatherinearrivedontime,theDirectorwasstilltalkingwithanotherteacher.Whentheirmeetingfinallybegan,itwasinterruptedagain.ThereisnowonderKatherinebecamefrustratedandangry.

Case3:

PersonalSpace

MarkhadrecentlymovedfromDenmarktoSydneytoworkasasalespersonforalargeAustraliancompany.Afterthreeweeks,hewasinvitedtojoinalocalclub.Duringthefirstfewweeksattheclub,Markwouldeitherstandinthecornertalkingwithsomeoneorsitonasofalisteningtootherpeopletalkandchat.Astimewentby,hecametoknowmostoftheclubmembersandseemedtoenjoytalkingwiththem.Oneday,ataneveningpartyoneofthefemalemembersapproachedhim.Markimmediatelyshowedhisinterestbytalkingabouttheatmosphereoftheparty.Atfirst,theconversationbetweenthemseemedtogoquitesmoothly,butasitprogressedtheladyseemedtostepfurtherandfurtherawayfromMarkashehadbeengraduallymovingclosertoher.Theladyobviouslyseemeduncomfortable.AsMarkwasabouttoaskherquestionsregardingAustraliansocialcustoms,anothermanstandingnearbydirectedaglancetowardthelady.Sheexcusedherselfandwenttotalkwiththatman,leavingMarkstandingaloneandwonderingwhytheirconversationhadcometosuchasuddenstop.

Answerthefollowingquestion

1.WhydidthatwomansuddenlystoptalkingwithMarkandturnedtoanotherman?

（10分）

Thisisatypicalcaseofmisunderstandingcausedbydifferentperceptionsabutbodydistance.

Thereisalotofevidencetoshowthatbodydistancevarieswithdifferentpeople,differentcircumstances,anddifferentcultures.InDenmark,ataformalevent,theintimatespaceisusuallybetween20to30centimeters;

whileinAustraliasuchanoccasionrequiresabodydistanceof40to50centimeters.ThereforewhenaDanetalkswithanAustralian,theproblemarises:

theDaneisaccustomedtoaclosedistancewhiletheAustralianiscomfortablewithagreatdistance.

Inthiscase,Mark,bytryingtoestablishhisnormalintimatespace,infringedontheAustralianlady’sspace.Becauseofthis,shefeltsomewhatthreatenedandlosthersenseofcomfort.Atthatmoment,thenearbymanofferedhertheopportunitytoexcuseherselffromMark.IfMarkhadhadsomeknowledgeabouttheexpectedpersonalspaceforAustralians,theencountermighthavebeentotallydifferent.

Case4

LiMing,amaleChinesegraduatestudent,studiedintheUnitedStates.HesharedaroomwithhisAmericanclassmateTonyinaresidencehall.Attheverybeginning,LiMingfounditeasyandenjoyabletogetalongwithTony,forhewasanopen-mindedpersonandsometimeshecouldgiveLiMingquitealotofhelpfuladvice.Butlater,LiMingfeltitreallyhardtodotherealeffectivecommunication.Forexample:

OnedayTonywentintothebathroomandcompletelyshavedhishead.LiMingeasilydiscoveredthisfactwhenhehimselfvisitedthebathroomandsawthehaireverywhere.HereturnedtohisroomandsaidtoTony,“You’veshavedyourhead.”Tonyreplied,“Yeah,Idid.”

LiMingwaitedawhile,thensaid,Idiscoveredyou’dshavedyourheadwhenIwentintothebathroomandsawthehair.“Yeah.”Tonyconfirmed.LiMingwasataloss.HebelievedhehadcommunicatedinthestrongestpossiblelanguagehiswishthattheAmericanwouldcleanupthemesshe’dmadeinthebathroom.ButLiMingwasverymuchdisappointedathisroommateTony!

LaterhediscussedthesurprisingepisodewithsomeChinesefriendswhotoldhim,“Listen,withAmericansyouactuallyhavetosay:

Cleanupthebathroom!

”LiMingbelievedhismessagehadbeenveryclear.However,hewasrelyingonthecontextofthecommunicationforthemessagetobeunderstood:

hairwasalloverthebathroom,andhisroommatenowwasbare-headed.

Questions:

1.WhydoyouthinktheAmericanstudentTonyfailedtounderstandwhathisChineseroommateLiMinghadwantedtosay?

2.SupposethemaincharactersinthestoryaretwoChinesestudentsortwoAmericanstudents,inwhatwaywilltheydealwiththematter?

Case 

7 

（P30） 

analysis:

Cultural 

differences 

decide 

the 

two 

students 

are 

going 

to 

communicate 

in 

different 

ways. 

案例分析:

文化差异决定这两个学生要沟通的方式不同。

The 

Chinese 

student 

wants 

American 

understand 

underlying 

means 

of 

his 

words, 

but 

is 

used 

direct 

style 

communication. 

This 

decided 

by 

culture. 

In 

culture, 

people 

want 

save 

face 

both 

themselves 

and 

others, 

so 

they 

would 

not 

express 

their 

ideas 

directly. 

However, 

United 

States, 

unless 

you 

yourself 

clearly 

directly, 

others 

cannot 

you.

Case5

BartRapsonhadbroughthisfamilytothePhilippinesonajobassignmentforamultinatioalcorporation.Whilenotparticularlyreligiousthemselves,havinglargelyabando