吉林省延边二中学年高二上学期月考英语试题 Word版含答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

吉林省延边二中学年高二上学期月考英语试题 Word版含答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

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阅读理解

第一节：

阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

认真阅读下列短文，A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑

A

Listedherearefourofthethousandsofimpressivemuseumsaroundtheworld．

TheGuggenheimMuseumBilbaoinBilbao，Spain

Builtin1997，theGuggenheimMuseumBilbaoisoneofthenewestintheworld．IthastransformedtheindustrialcityofBilbaointoatraveler’sdesireddestination．Thebeautifularchitectureofthemuseumhasprovidedadramaticbackgroundformoviesandcommercials．

TheLouvreinParis，France

ProbablythemostfamousLouvrealsoholdsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld，the"

MonaLisa"

byLeonardodaVinci．Crowdscanbefoundanydaysurroundingthesmall，butmysteriouspaintingofthesmilingwoman．But，theLouvreismuchmorethanahometothe"

．TheLouvreisvisitedbymorepeopleeachyearthananyothermuseumintheworld．

TheBarnesFoundationinPhiladelphia，America

Justopenedinitsnewdowntownlocationin2012，theBarnesFoundationisuniqueinthatitisacompletelyreproduceddisplayfromoneman’sprivatecollection．Dr.AlbertC．Barnesstartedcollectingartintheearly20thcenturyandcollected，amongothers，thelargestnumberoforiginalRenoirpaintingsintheworld．

TheUffiziGalleryinFlorence，Italy

Walkingonthemarbledfloorsfeelslikesteppingbackintime．Thebuildingitselfisabeautifulpalace-likestructurewithfrescoes（湿壁画）decoratingtheceilingsandwalls．Viewersarebowledover（印象深刻）bytheworksbyBotticelli，suchas"

TheBirthofVenus"

．Classicartworksfromnearly1，000yearsagodescribereligiouseventsofthetime．

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopular？

______

A.TheBarnesFoundation．B.TheGuggenheimMuseumBilbao．

C.TheLouvre．D.TheUffiziGallery．

2.WhatmakestheBarnesFoundationparticular？

A.Itsstructure．B.Itshistory．

C.Itslocation．D.Itscollection．

3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext？

A.Atravelguide．B.Anexhibitionannouncement．

C.Anartshowreview．D.Anactivityposter．

B

Recently,manye-commerceplatforms,includingDidiTaxi,Ctrip,Fliggy,JDandTaobao,havebeenuncoveredthattheyarecheatingtheirfrequentcustomers.Theirwaysareprettyclever.Whentherearenewusersorconservativeoldusers,theywillgiveaquiteappealingpricetoattractthemintoregisteringandbuyinggoods.However,theirbigdataisnotthatfriendlytothestableusersandfrequentvisitors.Thesystemalwaysoffersthemhigherpriceforthesameproductsorservice.Howdoesthishappen?

Accordingtothedataanalysis,thesystemknowsclearlythatalthoughtheyfeelthepriceishigh,theywillfinallypaythebill.Bycollectingandanalyzingusers’profiles,buyinghabitsandotherinformation,bigdatarecommendsthesameproductstodifferentuserswithdifferentprices.

Companiesalsotryotherwaystomakemoney,makingonlineconsumptionfarmoreworrying.Forexample,videowebsitesalwaysoffer120seconds’advertisements,whichdrivespeoplecrazy.Andevenifyoupayforthemembershiptogetridoftheads,youhaveto“enjoy”15-second“private”ads.Bybroadcastingthem,companiesmakehugeprofits---secondtothemembershipfees.Also,owning100Mbpsnetwork,youstillputupwiththeslowspeedwhenyouaredownloadingasong.YouhavenochoicebuttobecomeaVIPwhenyouseekhighqualityservices.Usersseemtobelambs（羊羔）amongwolves.Eventhoughtheysay,”Sinceyouhavemoney,I’llchargeyoumore”,wecan’tdoanythingaboutit.

Itpainsusthatwehaven’tfiguredoutawaytodealwiththeproblem.TheonlythingwecandoisreplacingouriPhoneswithAndroidphonesifwewanttobuyamembershipcard,andapplyingfornewaccountsifwewantcheaperhotels.Notfindingawaytofightback,wecan’tdoanythingbutacceptthempassively.

4.Howdoesbigdataservecompaniesaccordingtothetext?

A.Bybeingkindtoallusers.

B.Bygivingadiscounttostableusers.

C.Byattractingnewusersbyanalyzingtheirshoppinghabits.

D.Byrecommendingthesameproductswithhigherpricestoregularusers.

5.Whatdoweknowfromthesecondparagraph?

A.Membershipcanridyouofalltheads.

B.OnlybybeingaVIPcanyougetabetterservice.

C.Theslowdownloadspeedisduetoyourpoornetwork.

D.Advertisingincomeisthebiggestincomeforvideowebsites.

6.Whatistheauthor’attitudetowardsthechancesoffindingawaytofightback?

A.Uncertain.B.Casual.C.Negative.D.Positive.

7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Thebigdataprovideshelpfulinformationtousers.

B.Wehavetoacceptonlineconsumptionasitis.

C.Thereexistmanyonlineconsumptiontraps.

D.Regularcustomersarericher.

C

Antarctica’smeltingice,whichhascausedglobalsealevelstorisebyatleast13.8millimetersoverthepast40years,wasthoughttoprimarilycomefromtheunstableWestAntarcticIceSheet（WAIS）.Now,scientistshavefoundthattheEastAntarcticIceSheet（EAIS）—consideredlargelyunaffectedbyclimatechange—mayalsobemeltingatanunexpectedlyrapidspeed.

TheWAIS,whosebaseisbelowsealevel,haslongbeenconsideredthemostlikelytobreakdown.Besidesgravity,adeepcurrentofwarmwaterslipsbeneaththesheet,meltingitfrombelowuntilitbecomesafloatingshelfatriskofbreakingaway.Incontrast,extremecoldandabasemostlyabovesealevelarethoughttokeeptheEAISrelativelysafefromwarmwaters.

Butasgreenhousegaseswarmmuchoftheplanet,drivingstrongerpolarwinds,somescientiststhinkwarmwatercarriedbyacircularcurrentwillstarttoinvadeEastAntarctica’sonceunassailableice.Acooperationofmorethan60scientistslastyear,publishedinNature,estimatedthattheEAISactuallyaddedabout5billiontonsoficeeachyearfrom1992to2017.

EricRignotoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,andcolleaguescombined40yearsofsatelliteimageryandclimatemodelingandfoundthatoverallAntarcticanowsendssixtimesmoreiceintotheseaeachyearthanitdidin1979,withthemajoritycomingfromWestAntarctica.ButEastAntarcticawasresponsibleformorethan30%ofAntarctica’scontributiontothe13.8-millimetersealevelriseoverthepast40years.“Themorewelookatthissystemthemorewerealizethisisfragile,”Rignotsays.“Oncetheseglaciersbecomeunstablethereisnoredbuttontopresstostopit.”

RignothopesthestudybringsgreaterattentiontoapartofAntarcticathathastraditionallybeenunderstudied.HelenFricker,aglaciologist（冰川学家）inCalifornia,agrees.“WeneedtomonitortheentireAntarcticaandwejustcan’tdothatwithoutinternationalcooperation.”

8.Whatisthenewfindingofscientists?

A.TheeastAntarcticaislosingiceatanincreasingrate.

B.ThewestAntarcticaismeltingsixtimesfasterthanin1979.

C.5billiontonsoficeisaddedtoAntarcticaeachyear.

D.Thesealevelhasrisenby13.8mmoverthepast40years.

9.WhichfactorleadstotheEAIS’smeltingfast?

A.Abasemostlyoversealevel.B.Theforceofgravity.

C.Theinvasionofawarmcurrent.D.Extremelylowtemperature.

10.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“unassailable”underlinedinPara.3?

A.Fragile.B.Unattackable.C.Mild.D.Unstable.

11.WhichwaydoesHelenFrickerspeciallyadvocate?

A.Satelliteimagery.B.Globalmonitoring.

C.Worldwideclimatemodeling.D.Worldwidecombinedefforts

D

Modernlifestylesaregenerallyquitedifferentfromthoseofourhunter-gathererancestors,afactthatsomeclaimasthecauseofthecurrentriseinglobalobesity,butnewresultspublishedJuly25intheopenaccessjournalPLOSONEfindthatthereisnodifferencebetweentheenergyexpenditure（耗费）ofmodernhunter-gatherersandWesterners,castingdoubtonthistheory.

Theresearchteambehindthestudy,ledbyHermanPontzerofHunterCollegeinNewYorkCity,alongwithDavidRaichlenoftheUniversityofArizonaandBrianM.WoodofStanfordmeasureddailyenergyexpenditureamongtheHadza,apopulationoftraditionalhunter-gathererslivingintheopenSavannahofnorthernTanzania.Despitespendingtheirdayshikinglongdistancestoseekforwildplantsandgame,theHadzaburnednomorecalorieseachdaythanadultsintheU.S.andEurope.Theteamranseveralanalysesaccountingfortheeffectsofbodyweight,bodyfatpercentage,age,andgender.Inallanalyses,dailyenergyexpenditureamongtheHadzahunter-gathererswasindistinguishable（难以区分的）fromthatofWesterners.Thestudywasthefirsttomeasureenergyexpenditureinhunter-gatherersdirectly;

previousstudieshadreliedentirelyonestimates.

Thesefindingsoverturnthelong-heldassumptionthatourhunter-gathererancestorsexpendedmoreenergythanmodernpopulations,andchallengetheviewthatobesityinWesternpopulationsresultsfromdecreasedenergyexpenditure.Instead,thesimilarityindailyenergyexpenditureacrossabroadrangeoflifestylessuggeststhathabitualmetabolic（新陈代谢的）ratesarerelativelyconstantamonghumanpopulations.Thisinturnsupportstheviewthatthecurrentriseinobesityisduetoincreasedfoodconsumption,notdecreasedenergyexpenditure.Itmeanswehavemoretolearnabouthumanphysiology（生理学）andhealth,particularlyinnon-Westernsettings.

"

Theseresultshighlightthecomplexityofenergyexpenditure.It'

snotsimplyafunctionofphysicalactivity,"

saysPontzer.”Ourmetabolicratesmaybemoreareflectionofoursharedevolutionarypastthanourdiversemodernlifestyles."

12.Accordingtothenewresearch,hunter-gatherersconsume_________.

A.thesameen