四川省宜宾天立国际学校届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题解析版Word文档格式.docx
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四川省宜宾天立国际学校届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题解析版Word文档格式.docx
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fearoffailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedexcitedly.He
seldomansweredquestions—hemightbewrong.Heseldomfinishedhisworkbecauseherepeatedlycheckedwithmetobesurehehadn’tmadeamistake.
Itriedmybesttobuildhisself-confidence.Butnothingchanged
until
midterm,whenMaryAnne,astudentteacher,wasassignedtoourclassroom.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshelovedchildren.Mypupils,Donnieincludedher.Butevenenthusiastic,lovingMarywasbaffledbythislittleboywhofearedhemightmakeamistake.
Thenonemorningwewereworkingmathproblems.Donniehadcopiedtheproblemswithpainstakingneatnessandfilledinanswersforthefirstrow.Pleasedwithhisprogress,IlefthischildrenwithMary.ButwhenIreturned.Donniewasintears.He’dmissedthethirdproblem.
Marylookedatmeindespair.Suddenlyherfacebrightened.Fromthedeskweshared,shegotacanister(小筒)filledwithpencils.
“Look,Donnie,”shesaid.“I’vegotsomethingtoshowyou.”Sheremovedthepencilsandplacedthemonhisdesk.“Seethesepencils,Donnie?
”shecontinued.“TheybelongtoMrs.Lindstromandme.Seehowtheerasersareworn?
That’sbecausewemakemistakestoo.Lotsofthem.Butweerasethemistakesandtryagain.That’swhatyoumustlearntodo,too.”
Shekissedhimandcontinued:
“I’llleaveoneofthesepencilson
yourdesksoyou’llrememberthateverybodymakesmistakes,
eventeachers.”Donnielookedupwithloveinhiseyesandjustaglimmer(少许)ofasmile.
The
PencilbecameDonnie’sprizedpossession.That,togetherwithAnne’sfrequentencouragementandpraiseforevenDonnie’ssmallsuccesses.gradually
persuadedhimthatit’sallrighttomakemistakes—aslongasyouerasethemandtryagain.
21.WhydidDonnierarelyfinishhiswork?
A.Becauseheseldomansweredthosedifficultquestions
B.Becausehespenttoomuchtimecheckinghisanswers
C.Becausehecouldn’tworktogetherwithhisclassmates
D.Becauseheneverdidhisworkuntiltheverylastminute
22.Theword“baffled”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.
A.encouragedB.impressedC.satisfiedD.confused
23.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeMaryAnneassheisshowninthearticle?
A.PatientandinspiringB.Creativeandmodest
C.DeterminedandstrictD.Considerateandproud
24.Thestorywaswrittenmainlyto.
A.telluswhoinfluencedDonniegreatlyB.singthepraisesofMaryAnne
C.givealifelessonaboutfailureD.showushowtouseerasers
B
Elephantshaveimpressedusforcenturies.Theyarebig,clever,andsociable.Butwhatifsomeonetoldyouthattheymayalsoholdthekeytofightingcancer?
Peoplehavebeenwonderingwhyelephantsdonotdevelopcancer,eventhoughtheyhavelifespans(寿命)thataresimilartohumans,livingforaround50to70years.
Nowscientistsbelievetheyknowwhy.AteamattheUniversityofChicago,Ushasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumors(肿瘤)fromdeveloping.Tobeprecise.Theyfound20copiesofananti-tumorgenecalledTP53inelephants.Mostotherspecies.Humansincluded,onlycarryonecopy.
Accordingtotheresearch,whichwasrecentlypublishedontheonlinesciencenetworkBioRxiv,theextracopiesofthegeneimprovedtheanimal’ssensitivitytoDNAdamage.Thisletsthecells(细胞)quicklykillthemselveswhendamagedbeforetheycantoontoformdeadlytumors.
“Anincreasedriskofdevelopingcancerhasstoodinthewayoftheevolutionoflargebodysizesinmanyanimals,”studyauthorDrVincentLynchtoldTheGuardian.Ifeverylivingcellhasthesamechanceofbecomingcancerous,largecreatureswithlonglifespanslikewhalesandelephantsshouldhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanhumansandmicedo.Butacrossspecies,theriskofcancerdoesnotshowaconnectionwithbodymass.
ThisphenomenonwasfoundbyOxfordUniversityscientistRichardPetointhe1970sandlaternamed“Peto’sparadox”.Evolutionarybiologistsbelieveitresultsfromlargeranimalsusingprotectionthatmanysmallerdonot,Intheelephant’scase,themakingofTP53isnature’swayofkeepingthisspeciesalive.
Thestudyalsofoundthatwhenthesamegeneswerebroughttolifeinmice,theyhadthesamecancerresistanceaselephants.Thismeansresearcherscouldusethediscoverytodevelopnewtreatmentsthatcanhelpstopcancersfromspreadingorevendevelopinginthefirstplace.
“Naturehasalreadyfiguredouthowtopreventcancer,”saidJoshuaSchiffman,anoncologistattheSchoolofMedicine,UniversityofUtah,US.
“It’suptoustolearnhowdifferentanimalstackle(对付)theproblemsowecanusethosestrategiestopreventcancerinpeople.”
25.Whyareelephantsunlikelytodevelopcancer?
A.Theyhavealargebodysize
B.TheirgenessuffernoDNAdamage
C.Certaingenesintheirbodykillexistingtumors
D.Theycarrymanygenesthatkeeptumorsfromdeveloping
26.AccordingtoDr.VincentLynch,whathasbeenariskintheevolutionoflargeanimals?
A.ExtremeweatherB.Humanbehavior
C.AriskofdeadlytumorsD.Cellskillingthemselves
27.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“thisphenomenon”onthesixthparagraphreferto?
A.LargeranimalshaveprotectionfromTP53
B.Theriskofcancerisnotrelatedtobodysize
C.Thelargeranimalsare,thebiggerriskofcancertheyhave
D.Largeranimalssufferthesameriskofcancerassmalleronesdo
28.Wecanconcludefromthelastthreeparagraphsthat.
A.theTP53geneshaveprovenusefulinstoppingcancerinmice
B.dependingonnatureisnotenoughtofightagainstcancer
C.thisnewtreatmentismoreeffectivethanthepresentones
D.humansareexpectedtostopcancerinthenearfuture
C
BrawnNelsonknewhewantedtobeadoctorat8afterheactedasadoctoronaprimaryschoolcareerday.
Hefacedmoredifficultiesthanmanytogetthere;
HisfamilycametoFlorida,USasrefugees(难民)fromHaitiand“hadalmostnothing”.Heworriedabouthowtopayforcollege.
ButNelsongotaheadstart(领先)inhismedicalcareer.
HeparticipatedintheHealthCareersOutreachProgramthataimstohelppoorminoritystudentstogetclosetothemedicalfield.
Atmiddleschool,heattendedclassestaughtbymedicalstudentsfromFloridaAtlanticUniversity.Hedissected(解剖)rats,comparingtheirorganstothosefoundinhumans.
Asahighschooler,heworkedonthesamecadavers(医用尸体)asthemedicalstudents.Healsovisitedtheuniversity’slabandpracticedtreatingpatientsusinghigh-techmodels.
Experienceslikethosecanmakeallthedifferenceforstudentsastheyworktowardmedicalschool,saidNirmalaPrakash,headoftheprogram.
“Thisisnotapipedreamwherethey’retryingtoimagineit,”shesaid.“Thisissomethingthey’velived.”
Now18andheadedtotheUniversityofFloridaonafullscholarship,Nelsonisamodelgraduateoftheprogram,Infouryears,theprogramhasgraduated50students,LikeNelson,eachonehasbeenacceptedtocollege,manywithscholarships.
RandyScheid,anofficialofQuantumthatfunded(资助)theprogram,saidtheprogramwasimportantforthearea.
“Ourcountyisverydiverse.”SaidScheid.“It’simportanttohavedoctorswhocanunderstandtheirpatients’backgrounds.”
Theprogramcanbemeaningfulforindividualfamilies,too.
“Alotofthesekidsarethefirstoneintheirfamilytogotocollege”saidPrakash.“you’rechanginganentiregeneration.”
ForNelson,theexperiencehelpedhim“notwastetime”intryingtogettothecareerhisheartwasseton.
Hesayshecan’twaitforhiscollegelife.
“I’mready,”Nelsonsaid,laughing.“I’mreadytostartawholenewchapterinmylifeandtoseewhereitwillleadme.”
29.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutBrawnNelson?
A.Hehasbeguntreatingpatientsindependently
B.Hehasbeenacceptedtocollegeonafullscholarship
C.HehasbeendreamingaboutbeingadoctorsincehecametotheUS
D.Hetookclassestaughtbyteachersfromamedicaluniversityduringmiddleschool
30.Accordingtothearticle,theHealthCareersOutreachProgram.
A.focusesonhelpingstudentstorealizetheirmedicalcareerdreams
B.aimstohelppoorminoritystudentstogetintotopuniversities
C.teachesstudentshowtomakebetteruseoftime
D.hasgraduated50studentsthisyear,manyofwhomgotscholarships
31.Whyistheprogramimportant?
a.Itcanhelptomakethecountymorediverse
b.Itcanhelpkidsinthecountytolearnmoreaboutcareers
c.Ittrainsdoctorswhohavediversebackgrounds
d.Ithelpstochangethefuturesofsomekidsandtheirfamilies
A.adB.abcC.acdD.cd
32.Whatwastheauthor’spurposeinwritingthisarticle?
A.Tocallonreaderstogivemoneytotheprogram
B.TosharewithreadersNelson’sstoryofstrugglingintheUS
C.TodescribetheHealthCareersOutreachProgram
D.ToshowthatminoritystudentscanfindtheirownidentityintheUS
D
Gettingmorefollowersissomethingweusuallyassociatewithsocialmediaormicromessagingapps,Butsoonwecouldallhaveanewtypeoffollower-aroboticone.
DozensofrobotsandtechnologyfansgatheredinBoston,US,earlierthismonthfortheRoboBusinessconference.Thelatestdevelopmentsintheworldofroboticswereshowntothepublicandthistimethetrendwasrobotsfollowingpeople.
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