考研《英语》大纲综述Word格式文档下载.docx
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考研《英语》大纲综述Word格式文档下载.docx
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1.qualificationclarification
Unificationnotification
Classificationidentification
Intensificationjustification
Simplificationcertification\
Glorificationspecification
2.modernizationmechanization
Realizationcivilization
Globalizationspecialization
Americanizationindustrialization
Urbanizationidealization
Centralizationmarketization
Nationalizationprivatization
3.permissiondiscussion
Admissionprofession
Commissionconfession
Remissionimpression
Emissionoppression
Submissioncompression
Transmissionexpression
Omissiondepression
3.givederivativesofthefollowingwords
1.sense:
sensitive;
sensible;
senseless;
sensibility;
oversensitive;
insensitive
2.technique:
technical;
technically;
technician
3.special:
specially;
specialty;
specialize
4.intellect:
intellectual;
intelligent;
intelligence
5.civil:
civilize;
civilization;
civilized;
uncivilized
4.translatethefollowingintoChinese
1.很多人都认同,大学扩招是一个大业绩。
2.提供能够满足高要求的注册会计师仍然是一个大问题。
3.过早的专业化并非明智之举,学生在进入专业领域之前应该广泛接触世界文化。
4.有一天我们可能会变的很强大,但我们决不能变得傲慢,我们应当继续遵循和平共处的原则。
5.一个国家的力量本质上依赖于该国的文明进程,这是一个深刻的认识。
6.我们对过去苦难的记忆是一笔巨大的精神财富。
2.translatethefollowingverb+nouncollocationintoEnglish
1.foldone’sarms10.rear/raiseone’schildren
2.foldtheletter11.rearsheep
3.acquireknowledge12.raiseone’sfamily
4.generateideas13.raiseone’svoice
5.generatejobs14.raisetax
6.generatepower15.raisethequestion
7.generateinterest16.maintaincontact
8.employworkers17.maintainlawandorder
9.use/employtime18.maintainpeace
3.givethesynonymsandantonymsofthefollowingwords.
Synonyms
1.reasonably/rather/quite12.enter/join
2.clearly/evidently13.however/but
3.keep14.sharp/thoughtful
4.raise15.thinker/intellectual
5.gain/obtain16.shake/tremble/shiver
6.produce17.unavoidably/certainly
7.prove18.help/assist
8.department(university)19suppose/presume/think/guess\
9.humanity20.strange/odd/unusual/queer
10.druggist/chemist21.achievement/success/victory
11.type/example/model/case22.specialskill
Antonyms
1.unavailable6.unfold
2.modestly7.unemployed
3.general8.incompetence
4.unqualified9.insensitive
5.uncivilized/savage
4.completethesentenceswiththeexpressionslistedbelowintheirproperforms
1.toseetoit;
exposedto6.presideover
2.outfor;
succeedin7.suckfor;
seetoitthat
3.averagesout8.trueof;
trueof
4.specializein9.outto;
5.stuckfor10.havenobusiness
5.fillintheblankswiththerightwordorexpressioninbrackets
1.inmaking;
tofind6.poorashewas;
put
2.see7.for
3.out;
of;
of8.in
4.to9.believedin;
forcing\
5.by;
for10.physicist;
sensitive
6.translatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.
1.itiswrongtoraiseourchildrenthewaywegrowflowersinthegreenhouse.Wemustexposethemtoallsocialproblemsbecauseverysoontheywillbedealingwiththemasresponsiblecitizens.
2.astimegoesonweareinevitablygoingtogetmoreandmoreinvolvedininternationalaffairs.Andconflictsaresuretooccurbecausetherealwaysexistdifferentviewsandinterestsamongnations.
3.weareproudofouraccomplishments,andwehavereasontobe.Butwemustneverbecomearrogant.Otherwisewewillloseourfriends.
4.informationisnoweasilyavailable.Anaveragecomputercanstoretheinformationofasmalllibrary.
5.thatconstructioncompanyisnotqualifiedtohandletheproject.Theydonothaveanylegaldocumenttocertifythattheyhavethenecessaryexpertise.Wemustfindacompanythatspecializesinbuildingtheatres.
6.thesethinktanksdonotmakedecisions.Theyareouttogeneratenewideasandpenetratinganalysesthatwillbeextremelyusefulfordecisionmakers.
7.thegrowthofGDPisnoteverything.Ourcountrycannotbesaidetohavebeenmodernizedunlessthequalityofourpeople’slivesisreallyimproved.
8.pooraswewereinmanywaysatthattime,wewerestillquitehappyaschildrenfortherewascleanair,cleanwater,alotoffish,crabsandeelsintherivers,lakes,andponds;
andalotofflowers,treesandbirdsinthefields.
9.giveabsolutepowertoanyindividualoranyparticulargroupofpeople,andthatpersonorgroupissuretoabusethatpowerbecause,justasLordActonsays,“powercorrupts,andabsolutepowercorruptsabsolutely.”
10.traditionallyinourcountry,schooleducationwasalwayssaidtobemoreimportantandusefulcomparedwithallotherpursuits.
Grammar
1pointouthowfuturetimeisexpressedandwhatconcepteachfutureexpressionconveys.
Itisfarmorecomplicatedtotalkaboutthefuturethantotalkaboutthepresentandpast.Generally,futuretimeisexpressedintheseways.
Futureatpresent
a.“will”asin3):
usedtosaysomethingisexpectedtohappen\
“willbedoing”asin4):
usedtosaythatyouaresurethatsomethingwillhappenbecausearrangementshavebeenmade
b.“begoingto”asin2),5):
usedtosaythatsomethingwillhappenquitesoonortotalkaboutsb’sintentionsorwhattheyhavedecidedtodo
c.“thepresentprogressive”asin10):
usedtotalkaboutsomethingthatwillhappenbecauseyouhaveplannedorarrangedit
d.“thesimplepresent”asin9):
usedsaythatsomethingwilldefinitelyhappenataparticulartime,especiallybecauseithasbeenofficiallyarranged
Futureinthepast
a.“would”asin7):
usedtosaywhatyouintendedtodoorexpectedtohappen
b.“was/weregoingto”asin1):
usedtosaythatsomethingwasexpectedtohappen
c.“was/weretodo”asin6),8):
usedtotalkaboutsomethingthatwouldhappenbecauseithadbeenplannedorarranged.
2.learntouseemphasizingcoordinatingconjunctions.
1pointoutthegrammaticalformeachpairoftheconjunctionsconnects
Emphasizingcoordinatingconjunctionsconnectpartsofthesentencethathavethesamegrammaticalform.
1.twonouns
2.twoadjectives
3.twoprepositionalphrases
4.twoinfinitivephrases
5.twonounphrases
6.twonounphrases
7.twoprepositionalphrases
8.twoprepositionalphrases
2.combineeachpairofthesentencesusingtherightemphasizingcoordinatingconjunctions
1.theprovinceisstrongbothinindustryandinagriculture./theprovinceisnotonlystronginindustry,butalsoinagriculture.
2.reliefagenciessaytheimmediateproblemisnotalackoffood,buttransportation.
3generally,afterworkingforthecompanyforfiveyears,youngemployeeseitherarepromotedorleave.
4.TVprogramsforchildrenshouldnotonlyentertainbutalsoteach.
5.obviously,thesechildrenaremotivatednotbyadesiretoachieve,butbyfearfailure.
6.atpresent,itwouldbeneitherpracticalnordesirabletoeliminateexaminationsaltogether.
7.asianAmericansareplayingamoreactiveroleinpoliticsthaneverbefore,bothatlocallandnationallevel.
8.myunclebelievesthatinourtownsightseeingisbestdoneeitherbytourbusorbybicycle.
9.woodflooringnotonlycleanseasily,butisenvironmentallyfriendly.
10.untilIreadthearticleIknewneitherwhereshewasbroughtupnoreducated.
11.Ifindthenewmanagerneithereasytogetalongwithnordelightfultotalkto.
12.contrarytowhatpeoplehadexpected,notonlydidheattendthemeeting,buthealsospokefortwentyminutes.
3.fillineachblankwithonesuitableword.
1.other2.best3.reason4.mental5.next
6.as7.take8.cool9.thinking10.rest
4.translatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.
1.thepremierisleavingforNewYorkforaUNconferencetomorrow.
2.heistomeettheheadsofstateofseveralcountriesduringhisstayinNewYork.
3.whatareyougoingtododuringtheNationalDayholidays?
Areyougoinghomeorstayingoncampus?
4.----whatdoyouthinkschoolwillbelikeintwentyyears’time?
----Ithinkchildrenwillprobablylearnathomewithamechanizedteacher.
5.thirtyyearsago,mygrandparentsneverthoughttheywouldbeabletomoveintoatwostoreyhousewithallthemodernfacilities.
6.whattheylackisnotmoneybutexperience.
7.theyhavecometoChinanotonlytolearnChinese,buttolearnaboutChinesecultureaswell.
8.whatchildrenwantmostfromtheirparentsarenotmaterialthingsbutloveandattention.
9.youmayeitherwriteyouressayinyourregularexercisebookordoitonyourcomputer.
10.I’mnotquitesurewhyhedidn’tshowup.Eitherhewasnotinterested,orhesimplyforgotaboutit.
11.asocietyshouldrespectbothitsscientistsanditsgarbagecollectors.
12.heismiserlybothwithhismoneyandwithhistime.
5.identifyandcorrectthemistakes.Notethereisnomistakeintwoofthesentences.
1.IwillphoneyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.
2.wecanhardlyimaginewhatlifewillbelikein50years.
3.nomistake
4.pleasebeseated,everyone.Theshowisabouttobegin.
5.itispredictedthatinabouttenyears’time,ChinawillbeabletosendmantotheMoon.
6.dropinwheneveryouplease.You’llalwaysbewelcome.
7.nei
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