专八真题语言知识Word文件下载.docx

专八真题语言知识Word文件下载.docx

《专八真题语言知识Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专八真题语言知识Word文件下载.docx（31页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

Thedominatedquestionthatcomeshereis:

Howtoimprove

communicationskillsTheanswerissimple.Onecanfind

plentyofliteratureonthis.Therearealsoexperts,whoconduct

workshopsandseminarsbasedoncommunicationskillsofmen

andwomen.Infact,alargenumberofcompaniesarebringingin

trainerstoregularlymakesessionsonthesubject,inorderto

helptheirworkforcemaintainbetterinterpersonalworkrelations.

Todayeffectivecommunicationskillshavebecomeapredominant

factorevenwhilerecruitingemployees.Whileinterviewingcandidates,

mostinterviewersjudgethemonthebasisoftheskillstheycommunicatewith.

Theybelievethatsomeskillscanbeimprovisedonthejob;

butabilityto

communicatewellisimportant,aseveryemployeebecomesthe

representingfaceofthecompany.

Therearetrainers,whospecializedindeliveringcustom-made

programsonthesubject.Throughthesessionstheynotonlyfacilitate

bettercommunicationskillsintheworkplace,butalsolookinto

theproblemsinthemannerofbeingabletoconveymessageseffectively.

2016年真题

Allsocialunitsdevelopaculture.Evenintwo-personrelationships,

aculturedevelopsintime.Infriendshipandromanticrelationships,

forexample,partnersdeveloptheirownhistory,sharedexperiences,

languagepatterns,habits,andcustomsgivethatrelationshipaspecial

character—acharacterthatdiffersitinvariouswaysfrom

otherrelationships.Examplesmightincludespecialdates,places,

songs,oreventsthatcometohaveauniqueand

importantsymbolicmeaningforthetwoindividuals.Thus,any

socialunit—whetherarelationship,group,organization,or

society—developsaculturewiththepassageoftime.

Whilethedefiningcharacteristicsofeachcultureareunique,

allculturessharecertainsamefunctions.Therelationshipbetween

communicationandcultureisaverycomplexintimateone.

Culturesarecreatedthroughcommunication;

thatis,communicationis

themeansofhumaninteraction,throughitculturalcharacteristics

arecreatedandshared.Itisnotsomuchthatindividualssetouttocreateaculturewhentheyinteractinrelationships,groups,organizations,orsocieties,

butratherthanthatculturesareanaturalby-productofsocialasense,culturesarethe“residue”ofsocialcommunication.

Withoutcommunicationandcommunicationmedia,itwouldbeimpossibleto

haveandpassalongculturalcharacteristicsfromoneplaceandtimeto

another.Onecansay,furthermore,thatcultureiscreated,shaped,

transmitted,andlearnedthroughcommunication.

2015年真题

When 

I 

was 

in 

my 

early 

teens, 

taken 

to 

a 

spectacular 

show 

on 

ice 

by 

the 

mother 

of 

friend. 

Looked 

round 

at 

luxury 

1.________

rink, 

friend’s 

remarked 

“plush” 

seats 

we 

had 

been 

given. 

did 

not 

know 

what 

she 

meant, 

and 

being 

proud 

vocabulary, 

tried 

infer 

its 

meaning 

from 

context. 

“Plush” 

clearly 

intended 

as 

complimentary, 

positive 

evaluation;

that 

3.________ 

much 

could 

tell 

it 

tone 

voice 

So 

4. 

________ 

started 

use 

word. 

Yes, 

replied, 

they 

certainly 

are 

plush, 

so 

rink 

costumes 

skaters, 

aren’t 

My 

very 

polite 

correct 

me, 

but 

her 

5.________ 

expression 

got 

word 

quite 

right. 

Often 

can 

indeed 

context 

roughly 

means, 

is 

fact 

way 

which 

usually 

acquire 

both 

6. 

new 

words 

meanings 

for 

familiar 

words, 

specially 

our 

7. 

own 

first 

language. 

But 

sometimes 

need 

ask, 

should 

have 

asked 

this 

particularly 

true 

aspect 

foreign 

If 

you 

continually 

surrounded 

9________

speakers 

language 

learning, 

ask 

them 

directly, 

often 

opportunity 

does 

exist 

learner 

English. 

dictionaries 

developed 

mend 

gap. 

10. 

_________

2014年真题

Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguage

acquisition（SLA）emergedasadistinctfieldofresearchfromthelate1950sto

early1960s.

Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestions 

possessed 

most 

attention 

researchers 

area:

◆Isitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthe

samesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage 

◆Whatistheexplanationforthefactadultshave 

moredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguagesthanchildrenhave

◆Whatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguages

◆Whatistheroleofthelanguageteachinginthe 

acquisitionofanadditionallanguage

◆Whatsocio-culturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthe

learningofadditionallanguages

Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall 

theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhave

onethingincommon:

Theperspectiveadoptedtoviewtheacquiring

ofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodo 

so.Whetheronelabelsit“learning”or“acquiring”anadditional

language,itisanindividualaccomplishmentorwhatisunder 

focusisthecognitive,psychological,andinstitutionalstatusofan 

individual.Thatis,thespotlightisonwhatmentalcapabilitiesare

involving,whatpsychologicalfactorsplayaroleinthelearning 

oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntinthe

classroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers. 

2013年真题

Psycho-linguistics 

name 

given 

study 

psychological 

processes 

involved 

Psycholinguistics 

understanding, 

production 

remembering 

language, 

hence 

concerned 

with 

listening, 

reading, 

speaking, 

writing, 

memory 

One 

reason 

why 

take 

granted 

happens 

effortlessly, 

time, 

accurately. 

Indeed, 

when 

listen 

someone 

or 

looking 

page, 

normally 

cannot 

help 

understand 

it. 

It 

only 

exceptional 

circumstances 

might 

become 

aware 

complexity 

involved:

if 

searching 

remember 

it;

relative 

colleague 

has 

stroke 

influenced 

their 

language;

observe 

child 

try 

learn 

second 

ourselves 

an 

adult;

visually 

impaired 

hearing-impaired 

meet 

anyone 

else 

who 

is. 

As 

shall 

see, 

all 

these 

examplesof 

be 

called 

“language 

circumstances” 

reveal 

great 

deal 

about 

the

evolved 

speaking,listening, 

writing 

reading. 

were 

automatic, 

also 

carry 

out 

careful 

experiments 

get 

happening. 

2012年真题

The 

central 

problem 

translating 

always 

whether 

translate 

literally 

freely. 

argument 

going 

since 

least 

century 

. 

Up 

beginning 

19th 

century, 

many 

writers 

favored 

certain 

kind 

“free” 

translation:

spirit, 

letter;

sense 

word;

message 

rather 

form;

matter 

manner. 

This 

i