高三英语阅读理解社会文化一解题方法和技巧及练习题Word文档格式.docx
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高三英语阅读理解社会文化一解题方法和技巧及练习题Word文档格式.docx
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Attheotherendofthescale,researchersarealsoworkingontinyfoldingdevicesthatcouldleadtobreakthroughsinmedicineandcomputing.There'
snodoubtthatcomputersofthefuturemaycontaintiny,foldedmotorsorcapacitorsforfasterprocessingandbettermemory.
Applicationsfororigamiengineeringgofurtherthanmanyofusmightimagine."
Someday,"
saysMIT'
sErikDemaine,"
we'
llbuildreconfigurable(可重构的)robotsthatcanfoldontheirownfromonethingintoanother,likeTransformers.Toomuchlikesciencefictiontobetrue?
Maybe—thoughyoucertainlywouldn'
twanttobetagainstit."
(1)Whatdoweknowaboutorigami?
A.
Itconsumeslotsoftime.
B.
Itinvolvesinterestingideas.
C.
Itrequirescomplextechniques.
D.
Ithastodowithcuttingandpasting.
(2)Whichofthefollowingisanapplicationoforigami?
Aspacetelescopelenscanbefoldedtothesizeofanumbrella.
Asatelliteisequippedwithsolarpanelsandafoldedmap.
Anairbagcanbebetterfoldedintoadashboardofacar.
Afuturecomputercontainsmanyhugefoldedmotors.
(3)WhatisErikDemaine'
sattitudetowardsorigamiengineering?
Hopeful
Doubtful.
Disapproving.
Ambiguous.
(4)Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?
Entertainment.
Culture.
Education.
Pop-science.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术,而现在它已经被应用到技术工程领域,人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。
折纸工程将在很大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Thechancesarethatasyoudidit,youreflectedonhowinventivethistraditionalartis.Animals,boxes,flowers,boats:
itallcanbecreatedfromasinglesquareorrectangularsheetofpapersimplybyfoldingit.Nocutting,nopasting.”可知,折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术,我们不用裁剪或拼贴,只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西,由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Lang,anorigamienthusiastsinceagesix,advisedawell-knownearmanufacturerthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Applicationsfororigamiengineeringgofurtherthanmanyofusmightimagine”可知ErikDemaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象,由此可推测ErikDemaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。
故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“in1995,Japaneseengineerslaunchedasatellitewithsolarpanelsthatfoldedlikeamap.”;
第三段中的“Lang,anorigamienthusiastsinceagesix,advisedaadvisedwell-knownearmanufacturerthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard.”;
第四段中的“There'
snodoubtthatcomputersofthefuturemaycontaintiny,foldedmotorsorcapacitorsforfasterprocessingandbettermemory.”和第五段中的“‘Someday,’saysMIT'
sErikDemaine,‘we'
llbuildreconfigurable(可重构的)robotsthatcanfoldontheirownfromonethingintoanother,likeTransformers.’”可知卫星,安全气囊的折叠,未来电脑的发展和未来可重构机器人,这些都和科学技术相关,故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Theyear3700,Earthisfartoohotforanyhumantocallithome.Onthisplanetatleast,manisnothingmorethanamemory--ifthereisanythinglefttorememberthe"
wiseman"
.Butwhataboutourwisdom--willanyofitsurviveus?
Theconventionalanswerisno.Knowledgerequiresaknower,andtherewillbenoknowingmindsaroundthen.Butifinformationsurvives,perhapsinbooksorharddrives,maybetheknowledgeisn'
tquitedeadbutdormant(休眠),readytobecomealivewiththehelpofothermindsthatdevelopovertimeorcometovisitEarthinthedistantfuture.
Atfirstsight,thatseemstobereasonable:
afterall,wehavedonesimilarthingswithpastknowledge.Forexample,wesavedanancientcomputerfromashipdestroyedatseaoffthesoutherncoastofGreece,andsucceededinfindingthemeaningofEgyptianhieroglyphics(象形文字).Carefulworkcanbringpreviouslylostwisdombacktolife.
However,thekeypointisthatthereisacertainculturalcontinuitywiththoseancienttimesthatallowsustoreasonandmakeprogressinthedark:
weknowwearedealingwiththelegacy(遗产)ofotherhumans.Withoutthatlink,thesurvivalofobjectsandrawdatadoesn'
tguaranteethesurvivalofknowledge.Andalackofcontinuityinlanguagewithanyfutureintelligencewouldbeabarrier.Knowledgeiscloselyconnectedwithlanguage.Whenalanguagediesout,wecanlosesystemsofreasoningthattheycontain.Ifthat'
slost,thenitcan'
tberecovered.
Allthismeansthatothermindsmightnotbeabletofullymakehumanknowledgealivewhenwearegone.Itisbettertoconcentrateonnotdyingoutinthefirstplace.
(1)HowmanyopinionsarementionedinPara.2?
One.
Two.
Three.
Four.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"
similarthings"
inPara3probablyreferto?
Makinglostwisdomaliveagain.
Rescuingdisappearingknowledge.
Preservingfutureknowledge.
Gainingnewknowledge.
(3)Howcanwemakeknowledgesurvive?
Weknowalotabouthumanbeings.
Welearnwaystodrawconclusions.
Wehaveacertainculturalcontinuity.
Weprotectthelegacyofotherhumans.
(4)What'
smainlytalkedaboutinthetext?
Canhumanbeingsliveon?
Willourknowledgesurviveus?
Whatwilltheearthbelikeinthefuture?
Howcanweprotectourculture?
(2)A
(3)C
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是,我们的智慧将会幸存吗?
(1)推理判断题。
根据第二段Knowledgerequiresaknower,andtherewillbenoknowingmindsaroundthen.Butifinformationsurvives,perhapsinbooksorharddrives,maybetheknowledgeisn'
tquitedeadbutdormant(休眠),readytobecomealivewiththehelpofothermindsthatdevelopovertimeorcometovisitEarthinthedistantfuture.可知,在第二段中提出了两种建议,故答案为B
(2)词义猜测题。
根据第三段中第二、三句Forexample,wesavedanancientcomputerfromashipdestroyedatseaoffthesoutherncoastofGreece,andsucceededinfindingthemeaningofEgyptianhieroglyphics(象形文字).Carefulworkcanbringpreviouslylostwisdombacktolife.通过例子说明,细心的工作可以将以前失去的智慧带回生活。
由此推知,上句Atfirstsight,thatseemstobereasonable:
afterall,wehavedonesimilarthingswithpastknowledge.中划线部分的意思是,让失去的智慧活跃起来。
(3)细节理解题。
根据第四段第一句However,thekeypointisthatthereisacertainculturalcontinuitywiththoseancienttimesthatallowsustoreasonandmakeprogressinthedark:
weknowwearedealingwiththelegacy(遗产)ofotherhumans.可知,我们有一定的文化延续性能使知识幸存。
(4)主旨大意题。
根据第一段Theyear3700,Earthisfartoohotforanyhumantocallithome.Onthisplanetatleast,manisnothingmorethanamemory--ifthereisanythinglefttorememberthe"
可知,本文讲述的是,我们的智慧将会幸存吗?
根据句意可知答案为B
【点评】考查阅读理解,涉及推理判断、猜测词义、细节理解、主旨大意题。
阅读时要注意作者说明事物采用的是什么方式。
例如:
举例、分类还是对比。
无论采用什么方法,作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征,清晰地展现说明的事物。
理清了脉络,就能理解文章,抓住原文中的信息点,并且和选项进行同意转换。
3.阅读理解
SinglesDay:
AlibabaSaysaLotofPeopleinChinaBoughtOnline
Theplanet'
sbiggestshoppingdayhascomeandgone,andAlibabaagainshowedtheworldhowmanymountainsofstuff(物品)itcouldpersuadepeopletobuyinthe24hours.
MondaywasNov.11,knowninChinaasSinglesDay.Thisyear,nearly$38.3billionworthofstuffwassoldonAlibaba'
splatforms(平台)thatday,beatinglastyear'
s$30.8billionandmakingBlackFridaylook,yetagain,likeayardsale.
Chinahasgrownricherandmoredigitallyconnected.Alibabahasbecomeatechnologypowerhouse.Alongtheway,thecompanyhasmadeafewfamousfriends.ThisyearthesingerTaylorSwiftperformedinitslive-streamedeveninggala(庆典)inShanghaionSunday.InpreviousyearsthemodelMirandaKerrandtheactorsNicoleKidmanandDanielCraigalsoshowedontheSinglesDaystage.
AlibabastartedtakingtheleadinChina,simplyenough,byconnectingbigChinesemanufacturerswithbigbuyersacrosstheworld.Itsbusiness-to-businesssite,Aallowedpeopletobuyalmosteverything.Alibaba'
sadvantagewasn'
thardtosee:
size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.
Alibabanowcallsitselfadataandtechnologycompany,onethatprovidesdigitaltoolstohelpthebusinessesonitsplatforms.That,inturn,leadsconsumerstolooktothoseplatformsfortheireveryneed,fromshoppingandservicestoe
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