BPdebateWord文件下载.docx
- 文档编号:18998689
- 上传时间:2023-01-02
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:13
- 大小:25.71KB
BPdebateWord文件下载.docx
《BPdebateWord文件下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BPdebateWord文件下载.docx(13页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
正方二辩
反方上院第二位发言者
反对党副领袖(DeputyLeaderoftheOpposition)
反方二辩
正方下院第一位发言者
政府阁员(MemberofGovernment)
正方三辩
反方下院第一位发言者
反对党阁员(MemberoftheOpposition)
反方三辩
正方下院第二位发言者
政府党鞭(GovernmentWhip)
正方四辩
反方下院第二位发言者
反对党党鞭(OppositionWhip)
反方四辩
7、除一般的“立我方、批对方”的发言责任外,BP制中每个角色还有其独特的角色责任,对该责任的实现程度构成胜负评判的最大因素。
择其精要:
首相
定义优先权:
有权对辩题中没有明确的背景、主体、对象等定义要素加以明确,除非该定义明显有悖公众一般认知或故意破坏辩论进行下去的可能性且未说明如此定义的必要性,否则对方不能拒绝该定义。
论点框架责任:
必须给出正方上院的论点框架,即使自己无法完全展开,但必须概括介绍
反对党领袖
定义接受责任:
检查定义是否明显有悖公众一般认知或故意破坏辩论进行下去的可能性且未说明如此定义的必要性,如无,则宣布接受该定义。
一旦决定不接受,则比赛即进入“挑战定义”的特殊状态。
事实上99%的情况下不会“挑战定义”。
必须给出反方上院的论点框架,即使自己无法完全展开,但必须概括介绍
副首相
论点展开责任:
在首相/反对党领袖的框架下展开论点
反对党副领袖
政府阁员
论点扩展责任:
在保持与自己的上院意见原则一致的情况下,必须提出区别于自己的上院的新论点
反对党阁员
政府党鞭
总结责任:
明确指出全场交锋点,并突出本方观点,尤其是本方下院观点的正确性
反对党党鞭
8、竞赛组织:
一般采取赛前30分钟公布辩题、公布各队所处“赛位”(角色)。
辩题又称“动议”Motion,一般以“本院认为·
·
”ThisHouse·
的句式给出。
9、评判方式:
比赛结束后评委闭门商议产生排序结论,其后由主评当场宣布结果并解释评判理由。
10、BP制中的特殊习惯:
a.表示支持不用鼓掌,而是敲击桌面
b.采取“扶帽伸手”动作表示要求质询
c.评委中的一位兼做主席,称“议长”
d.发言者须走到舞台中央的发言席发言
e.计时以发言者准备就绪开始讲话起
TheBritishParliamentaryformat
1.TheTeams
FourteamsoftwodebatersparticipateineachBritishParliamentarydebateround.
Theteamssupportingthemotionarereferredtoasthe"
Proposition."
Theteamsarguingagainstthemotionareknownasthe"
Opposition"
teams.
TwoteamsrepresenttheProposition:
theOpeningPropositionandtheClosingProposition.
TwoteamsrepresenttheOpposition:
theOpeningOppositionandtheClosingOpposition.
Eachoftheseteamscompetesagainstallotherteamsintheroundandwillberanked1stthrough4thattheconclusionofthedebate.
OpeningProposition
OpeningOpposition
ClosingProposition
ClosingOpposition
2.SpeakerOrder
Eachspeakerwillpresentasinglespeechintheorderprescribedbelow.
Speaker
CommonTitlesforSpeaker
Time
OpeningPropositionTeam,1stspeaker
"
PrimeMinister"
or“LeaderoftheProposition”
7minutes
OpeningOppositionTeam,1stspeaker
LeaderoftheOpposition"
OpeningPropositionTeam,2ndspeaker
DeputyPrimeMinister"
or"
DeputyLeaderoftheProposition"
OpeningOppositionTeam,2ndspeaker
DeputyLeaderoftheOpposition"
ClosingPropositionTeam,1stspeaker
MemberoftheProposition"
"
ClosingOppositionTeam,1stspeaker
MemberoftheOpposition"
ClosingPropositionTeam,2ndspeaker
PropositionWhip"
ClosingOppositionTeam,2ndspeaker
OppositionWhip"
3.Speechtiming
Eachspeechwillbe7minutes.
PointsofInformationareallowedafterthefirstminuteandbeforethelastminuteofallspeeches.
Timingofthespeechbeginswhenthespeakerbeginsspeaking;
allmaterial—includingacknowledgementsintroductions,etc.—willbetimed.
Atimekeeperwillprovideaseriesofsignalsduringeachspeechasfollows:
Timing
Signal
1:
00
Singleringofabell(POIsallowed)
6:
Singleringofabell(POIsnolongerallowed)
7:
Doubleringofabell(Conclusionofspeakingtime)
15
Continuousringing(Conclusionofgraceperiod)
Oncethedoubleringhassounded,speakershavea15-second‘graceperiod’,duringwhichtheyshouldconcludetheirremarks.Thegraceperiodisnotatimefornewmattertobeintroduced,andanynewmatterofferedinthegraceperiodmaybediscountedbytheadjudicators.Speakerscontinuingafterthis‘graceperiod’maybepenalizedbytheadjudicationpanel.
4.SpeakerRoles
Eachspeakerhasaroleandeachspeechhasaspecificpurpose.Thedescriptionsofspeakerroleslistedbelowaresuggestiveandarenotintendedtobeexhaustiveorexclusive.Forreasonsthatvaryfromdebatetodebate,speakersmaysometimesneedtofulfillrolesnotmentionedhereandspeechesmaybeconstructedtoserveotherpurposesaslongasPropositionspeakersaffirmthemotionandOppositionspeakersopposeit.
Allspeakers,exceptthefinalspeakersforthePropositionandOpposition(PropositionandOppositionWhips),shouldintroducenewmaterial.Alldebatersshouldrefutetheopposingteams’arguments,exceptthePrimeMinister.
RoleandResponsibility
LeaderoftheProposition”
Thefirstspeaker'
sresponsibilityistopresentacasesupportingthemotion.TheprimaryroleofOpeningPropositionteam,initiatedinthisspeech,istoestablishthefoundationformeaningfuldebateonthemotion.
“LeaderoftheOpposition"
TheOpeningOpposition'
sprimaryteamroleistocounterthefirstPropositionteam'
scasethroughdirectorindirectrefutationand/orprovidesubstantiveargumentsagainstthemotion.
ThisspeakershouldrefutetheLeaderoftheOpposition'
sspeech,andfurtherdeveloptheOpeningPropositionteam'
scase.
Thisspeakersupportshisorherteammate,answeringobjectionsfromtheothersideandintroducingadditionalargumentsorsupport.
ThisspeakershouldsupportthepositiondevelopedbytheOpeningPropositionteambyintroducinganextension.
AsuccessfulextensionwilldevelopadistinctargumentidentityfortheClosingPropositionteamwhilesupportingtheOpeningPropositionteam.TheMemberofthePropositionmayalsorefutetheargumentsmadebytheDeputyLeaderoftheOpposition.
ThisspeakershouldsupportthepositiondevelopedbytheOpeningOppositionteamandmustalsointroduceanextension.
AswiththeMemberProposition,theMemberOpposition’sextensionwillbemostsuccessfulifitestablishesauniqueargumentidentitythatdistinguishestheClosingfromtheOpeningOppositionwhilecontinuingthegeneraldirectionofargumentinitiatedbytheOpeningOpposition.TheMemberOppositionmayalsodirectlyorindirectlyrefutetheargumentsoftheMemberProposition.
ThisspeakersummarizestheProposition’sargumentsandsummarizestherefutationoftheOppositionside.
WiththeexceptionofrefutingtheMemberOpposition’sextension,thespeakershouldnotintroducepositive(new)matter.
Thisspeakersummarizesoppositiontotheextensionandmakesreplytoeachteam'
spositioninthedebate.Thisspeakershouldnotintroducepositive(new)matter.
5.TheMotions
Asinglemotionwillbeannouncedthirtyminutespriortothebeginningofthedebateandwillbepresentedtoalldebaterssimultaneouslyinageneralassembly.Adifferentmotionwillbeusedforeachround.
Motionstypicallyfocusoncurrentissuesortimelesscontroversiesandarephrasedinawaythatisintendedtobespecificandunambiguous.
6.Focusandcontentofdebates
BritishParliamentarydebatingisacontestofideasinwhichthePropositionteamsareresponsibleforprovidingreasonswhythemotionistrueandtheOppositionteamsareresponsibleforprovidingreasonswhythemotionisnottrueorwhythePropositionhasfailedtoprovethemotiontrue.
Allteamshavearesponsibilitytorefute,eitherdirectlyorindirectly,argumentspresentedbytheopposingside.
Motionsarewritteninplainlanguage.
Thedebaters—particularlytheOpeningPropositionteam—shouldrespectthemeaningandfocusofthemotion.
WhiletheOpeningPropositionteammayclarifythemeaningoftermsinthemotion,theyshouldnotattempttoalterthemeaningofthemotion.
TheLeaderofthePropositionshouldprovideanyclarificationoftermsatthebeginningofhisorherspeech.
Inthemajorityofcases,theclarificationprovidedbytheOpeningPropositionteamwillserveasanadequatefoundationfortherestofthedebate.
ShouldtheOpeningPropositionfailtomakeclearthefocusofthedebate,oriftheinterpretationofferedbytheOpeningPropositionteamcompletelyinhibitsmeaningfuldebateorcompletelymisinterpretsthemeaningthemotion,theOpeningOppositionmayofferclarificationofthetermsofthemotion.
NoteamsbeyondtheOpeningPropositionandOpeningOppositionmaysubstantiallymodifythetermsofthemotion.
7.Preparation
Alldebatesshallcommence30minutesafterthemotionhasbeenannounced.
Debatersmayconsultanywrittenmaterialsduringthepreparationtime.ExceptforthedesignatedCASIOelectronicdictionary,noaccesstootherelectronicmediaorelectronicstorageorretrievaldevicesispermittedaftermotionshavebeenreleased.Printedandpreparedmaterialsmaybeaccessedduringadebate.
Debatersmayconferwiththeirdebatepartnerduringpreparationtime.
Debatersmayalsoconferwithonetutorfromtheiruniversityduringthepreparationtime.Debatersmaynotconferwithanyotherindividuals(i.e.:
coaches,otherdebaters,trainers,adjudicators,etc.)duringthepreparationtime.
TheOpeningPropositionshallhavetherighttoprepareinthedebatingvenue.
Allotherteamsmustprepareinseparatelocations.
Teamsmustarriveattheirchamberwithinfiveminutesofthetimeofcommencementofdebate.Teamsfailingtoarriveintimewillforfeitthedebate,atthediscretionoftheChairofthepanel.
8.PointsofInformation
Debatersmayrequ
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- BPdebate