戴云写作笔记.doc
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戴云写作笔记.doc
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IBT-SAT小马过河—专业备考社区
写作训练方法
1-5篇不限时写作结构完整300字以上
6-10篇1小时350字以上结构完整
要求:
检查语法、拼写错误跑题、表达不清问题
11-20篇半小时400字以上
要求:
检查语法、拼写错误跑题、表达不清问题润饰文章
理由不能太具体否则不容易展开要擅于利用“万金由”
各个理由的关系,必须是并列关系,排列顺序由段落长短来决定。
开头1背景+论题+各方观点的理由+作者论点和理由
背景+论题+反方观点+(反方理由)+过渡+作者观点+作者理由
开头段写理由的好处
怎样写背景:
提出一种普遍的或值得关注的现象(紧扣论题)作为背景
从远到近,由大到小,谈论紧扣论题的社会观点作为背景
官方、权威数据,调查研究结果
开头2事例+论题+各方观点(和理由)+作者理由和论点
⑴媒体(电视、电台、报纸、杂志和网络)的报道
⑵朋友、邻居、同事的故事
开头3问题+论题+各方观点(和理由)+作者论点和理由
把背景用问题方式提出连续提问(煽情式提问)
开头4“引语”+论题+各方观点(和理由)+作者论点和理由
主题句
必须是陈述句必须表面观点不要直接写事实由观点到事实
态度必须坚决每段都要有主题句通常位于段首或段末
结尾
总结全文(论点+各方观点)+重述论点和理由+提出建议/解决问题/深化意义
把对方的优点移植到己方,把己方的观点消灭掉,提出实施方案和注意事项
深化意义=展望未来+对国家社会的好处
黄金规则一–Thelonger,thebetter
⑴每一个论点都要有理由
⑵每一个理由都要有例子
⑶每一个例子都要有细节
黄金规则二----------“万金由”
黄金规则三重述语意的技巧
⑴使用同义词进行替换
⑵使用同根词进行替换
Oppose-opposition
Build-building
Announce-announcement
Explain-explanation
⑶使用短语进行替换
(Support)arguefor/votefor/beinfavorof
(Oppose)argueagainst/voteagainst/objectto/beopposedto
⑷使用全新的表达法进行替换
Acompanyhasannouncedthatitwishestobuildalargefactorynearthecommunity.
----------alargefactoryissupposedtobuiltnearthecommunityaccordingtotheannouncementissuedbyacompany.
Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthisnewinfluenceonyourcommunity.
------Thereisagrowingawarenessofboththepositiveandnegativeinfluencesthattheconstructionplanbringstoourcommunity.
黄金规则四-黄金句型pricelesssentencepatterns
超酷超炫超难句型大比拼
注意:
主题句尽可能2-1格式细节提升
每个段落开头
1.强调句(1-2)
2.Themore…,themore(1-2)
Themorefrequentlywecommunicatewithfamilymembers,themoreharmonioustherelationshipinthefamilybetweenusis.(只要涉及交流都可以用)
3.倒装句(2-3)
①So…that….以至于
Sobigistheclassroomthatitmayholdtenthousandpeople.
Sofastdoesherunthatthetraincouldn’tcatchupwithhim.
②As…as(more…than…)比较结构
Irunasfastashedid-----Irunasfastasdidhe.
③表示地点、位置、范围、处所的状语或表语提前至句首
Mysisterisamongthosestudents.----Amongthosestudentsismysister.
④分词或形容词短语提前至句首
主语(+定语)+be+形容词/过去分词/不及物动词现在分词+介词+名词
主语(+定语)+be+及物动词现在分词+n.
E.g.Contraryto/coincidentwiththeopinionofmanypeopleismyheartfelt(忠心的)objectionto/agreementwiththeideathatstudentsshouldstudytogetherwithclassmates.
Thosepeople/parentswhoholdtheopinionthatmoneyistheonlysymbolofsuccessaresatisfiedwith/contentedwith/interestedin/worriedabout/opposedtotheirchildrenfindingahigh-payingandlong-workingjob.------------Satisfiedwith/contentedwith/interestedin/worriedabout/opposedtotheirchildrenfindingahigh-payingandlong-workingjobarethosepeople/parentswhoholdtheopinionthatmoneyistheonlysymbolofsuccess
Arguingforthosestudentslivingoutsidethecampusarethosepeoplewhoholdtheopinionthatindependenceisthemostcriticalcharacteristicofauniversitystudent
⑤形容词+though/as+主语+谓语+主句
Richthoughheis,heisunhappy.
Thoughtheadvantages(thatowningabusinessenjoys/leadsto/resultsin)areconsiderable/wonderful/numerous,theycannotcompetewiththebenefits(thatworkingforothersbringsabout/causes),when/ifresponsibilityistakenintoconsideration/deliberation/account.
Thoughtheadvantagesthatlivinginoutsidethecampusenjoysareconsiderable,theycannotcompetewiththebenefitsthatlivingininsidethecampusbringsabout,whensafetyistakenintoconsideration.(通常用在第一段的最后一句话提出文章论点和理由,2-1文章的承上启下部分或文章的结尾)----------------------------considerablethoughtheadvantagesthatlivinginoutsidethecampusenjoysare,theycannotcompetewiththebenefitsthatlivingininsidethecampusbringsabout,whensafetyistakenintoconsideration.
⑥表示否定的副词或短语+助动词+主语+谓语+其他成分
No/not/never/Neither/nor/(全部否定)
seldom/rarely/barely/scarcely/hardly(部分否定)
NeverwillIformanideathatbicyclesaffecthumanbeings’lifestylemostprofoundlyamongalltransportationmeans.
⑦Only+状语置于句首+助动词+主语+谓语+其他成分
OnlythoughthiscrisisdoIunderstandthatyoulovemebestintheworld.
3.比较结构和倍数关系(1-2)
As…as…
AisfivetimesasbigasB
AisfivetimesbiggerthanB
AisfivetimesthesizeofB.
4.修辞问句(1-2)
Whenhumanbeingsenjoytheirhappylife,isn’titnecessarythattheygivesomeconsiderationtothosecuteanimalswithoutenoughplayingground?
Whenthosepeopleenjoytheirhappylifeoutsidecampus,isn’titnecessarythattheygivesomeconsiderationtothegreatopportunitieswiththeirclassmatesiftheyliveinsidecampus?
Whenthosepeopleenjoyconveniencebroughtbyautomobiles,isn’titnecessarythattheygivesomeconsiderationtotheheavilypollutedairandthosepeoplewhoareinjuredseverely(had)inthecaraccidents?
Whenpeopleenjoytheconveniencebroughttheconstructionplan,isn’titnecessarythattheygivesomeconsiderationtotheheavilypollutedairandthosepeoplewhoareinjuredseverelyordieinthecaraccidentbecauseofthetrafficjamaftertheconstructionofth
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