专题08 完形填空之说明文学年高二英语寒假题型增分提能集训Word文档下载推荐.docx
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专题08 完形填空之说明文学年高二英语寒假题型增分提能集训Word文档下载推荐.docx
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在家准备一个急救箱,并详细说明了急救箱中的具体物品
Passage4
文章介绍了一万年前灭绝的剑齿虎与现代虎的区别
Passage5
中学时老师Mrs.Clara通过一种特别的方式教育了作弊的孩子
Passage6
说明衣服名牌标签的产生,对现实的影响
Passage1
Sometimesmodernproblemsrequireancientsolutions.
A1,400-year-oldPeruvianmethodofdivertingwatercouldsupplyupto40,000Olympic-sizeswimmingpool’sworthofwatertoLimaeachyear.Itisone1ofhowancientmethodscouldsupportexistingmodernonesincountrieswithoutenoughwater.Man-madereservoirsstorerainwaterandwateroverflowforuseduringdriestimes.Butreservoirsarecostly,requireyearstoplanandcanstill2tomeetwaterneeds.
Peru’scapital,Lima,dependsonwaterfromrivershighintheAndesMountains.Ittakesonlyafewdaysforwatertoflowdowntothecity.Sowhenthedryseasonbeginsinthemountains,thewatersupplyquicklydisappears.Thecity3thiswithmodernstructuressuchasman-madereservoirs.Thesereservoirsarenottheonlysolution,4.Overathousandyearsago,indigenouspeopledevelopedanotherwaytosolvewaterproblems.
Waterdiverted,5.
The1,400-year-oldsystemisdesignedtoincreasethewatersupplyduringthedryseasonbydivertingandslowingwaterasittravelsdownthemountains.This6-basedmethodismadeofspecialcanalsthatguidewaterfromitssourcetoaseriesofwaterbodiesandhillsides.Thewatergoes7intotheground,thenflowsdownhillthroughthesoiland8inwaterbodiesnearthecommunity.
Itsaimwastoincreasethewater’straveltimefromdaystomonthsinordertoprovidewaterthroughoutthedayseason.Theresearchers9howmuchthesystemslowedtheflowofwaterbyinjectingspecialdyeinthehighlandsandnotingwhenitreappearedinwaterbodies.Thedyedwaterstartedto10twoweekslaterandcontinuedflowingforeightmonths—ahuge11overthehoursordaysitwouldnormallytake.
12increaseinsupply.
TheresearchersnextconsideredhowusingalargerversionofthesystemcouldhelpLima.TheycombinedwhattheylearnedinHuamantangawiththeknowledgeofphysical13ofLima’ssurroundings.TheresultingestimatessaythesystemcouldincreaseLima’sdry-seasonwatersupplyby7.5percentoverallandupto33percentatthestartofthedryseason.
Thesystemisalso14sound.Ochoa-Tocachi,aresearcher,estimatedthatbuildingcanalssimilartothoseinHuamantangawouldcost10timeslessthanbuildingareservoirofthesamesize.Healsosaidformerhighlandsocietiesinotherpartsoftheworldhadmethodsfordivertingandslowingwaterflow.And,theycouldusethesemethodstodaytosupporttheir15modernmethods.
1.A.signB.exampleC.explanationD.theory
2.A.manageB.failC.operateD.work
3.A.equipsB.financesC.resolvesD.constructs
4.A.furthermoreB.howeverC.thereforeD.moreover
5.A.promotedB.distributedC.driedD.delayed
6.A.natureB.economyC.welfareD.technology
7.A.swiftlyB.deeplyC.slowlyD.rightly
8.A.reappearsB.reservesC.reversesD.resumes
9.A.foretoldB.measuredC.estimatedD.assumed
10.A.freezeB.fadeC.surfaceD.flow
11.A.priorityB.declineC.concernD.improvement
12.A.ConsiderateB.SlightC.PredictableD.Sizable
13.A.personalitiesB.qualitiesC.altitudesD.populations
14.A.geologicallyB.sociallyC.geographicallyD.economically
15.A.simplerB.costlierC.betterD.safer
Passage2
FaceshapeletsAIspotraredisorders
Peoplewithgeneticsyndromessometimeshaverevealingfacialfeaturesbutusingthemtomakeaquickandcheapdiagnosiscanbe16giventherearehundredsofpossibleconditionstheymayhave.Anewneuralnetworkthatanalysesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctors17thepossibilities.
YaronGurovichatbiotechnologyfirmFDNAinBostonandhisteambuiltneuralnetworktolookattheoverallimpressionoffacesand18alistofthe10geneticsyndromesapersonismostlikelytohave.
They19theneuralnetwork,calledDeepGestalt,on17,000imagescorrectlylabelledtomatchmorethan200geneticsyndromes.TheteamthenaskedtheAlto20potentialgeneticdisordersfromafurther502photosofpeoplewithsuchconditions.Itincludedthecorrectansweramongitslistof10responses91percentofthetime.
Gurovichandhisteamalso21theneuralnetwork’sabilitytodistinguishbetweenthedifferentgeneticmutations(变异)thatcanleadtothesamesyndrome.TheyusedphotographsofpeoplewithNoonansyndrome,whichcanresultfrommutationsinanyoneoffivegenes.DeepGestaltcorrectlyidentifiedthegeneticsourceofthephysicalappearance64percentofthetime.It’sclearlynot22butit’sstillmuchbetterthanhumansareattryingtodothis.
Asthesystemmakesitsassessments,thefacialregionsthatweremosthelpfulinthedeterminationare23andmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstandtherelationshipsbetweengeneticmake-upandphysicalappearance.
Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimplephotographraisesquestionsabout24.Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics,thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould,inprinciple,secretlyusesuchtechniquesto25againstpeoplewhohaveahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.26,Gurovichsaysthetoolwillonlybeavailableforusebyclinicians.
Thistechniquecouldbring27tothosewhohavegeneticsyndromes.Therealvaluehereisthatforsomeoftheseultra-rarediseases,the28ofdiagnosiscanbemany,manyyears.Thiskindoftechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearchspaceandthen29thediagnosisthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers.Forsomediseases,itwillcutdownthetimetodiagnosisdramatically.Forothers,itcouldperhapsaddmeansoffindingotherpeoplewiththediseaseand,30helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.
16.A.convincingB.trickyC.reliableD.feasible
17.A.bringaboutB.resultfromC.narrowdownD.ruleout
18.A.returnB.inputC.topD.feed
19.A.basedB.imposedC.focusedD.trained
20.A.identifyB.distinguishC.shiftD.cure
21.A.testedB.demonstratedC.recognizedD.acquired
22.A.acceptableB.perfectC.reliableD.workable
23.A.coveredB.excludedC.highlightedD.supervised
24.A.objectivityB.accuracyC.credibilityD.privacy
25.A.discriminateB.fightC.argueD.vote
26.A.FurthermoreB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.However
27.A.challengesB.benefitsC.damagesD.concerns
28.A.treatmentB.responseC.remedyD.process
29.A.repliedB.confirmedC.eliminatedD.addressed
30.A.bycontrastB.inturnC.inadditionD.onthecontrary
Passage3
Everyfamilyshouldhaveanemergencykitintheirhome.Ifthereisanearthquakeorahurricane,forexample,therecouldbea31cut,orthewatercouldgetpolluted.Youmightbe32atyourhomeforseveraldaysbecauseofastormoraflood.Havinganemergencykit33couldhelpifanythinglikethis34.
Youremergencykitmightincludethefollowing35:
Thefirstaidkitshouldincludealcohol,cottonwool,bandages,painkillers,cleanbottledwaterandburnointment.
Itis36tokeepnon-perishable(不易腐坏的)foodsupplies.Inotherwords,foodthatwon'
tspoil(变质)outofthefridge,suchascannedfood.Thereshouldbe37foodforthreedays.Itisbetterifthefooddoesnothavetobecooked.Don'
t38thecanopener!
It'
sagood39foreachfamilymembertohavea40changeofclothes,includingwaterproofshoesandaraincoat,aswellassomewarmblanketsincaseyouhaveto41outdoors,justasifyouwerecamping!
Otherthingsyoucan42thekitare:
flashlightandsparebatteries,paperandpencils,mobileradio,matchesandcandles.Don'
tforgetthesethingsneedtobecheckedregularly(定期地)tobesurethatthey43well.Checktheexpiry(期满)44onanycannedfood.Youcanalsoputinabackpacksomeofthethingsthatare45toyou,suchasatoyorsomethingelsethatyoucareabout.
31.A.paperB.priceC.knifeD.power
32.A.relaxedB.aloneC.stuckD.free
33.A.cleanB.preparedC.openD.paid
34.A.happensB.changesC.stopsD.chooses
35.A.plansB.tipsC.disastersD.supplies
36.A.unspeakableB.reusableC.advisableD.admirable
37.A.someB.enoughC.hotD.delicious
38.A.forgetB.bringC.tryD.buy
39.A.dreamB.excuseC.ideaD.chance
40.A.suddenB.dailyC.spareD.real
41.A.sleepB.tourC.runD.cook
42.A.takeinB.getinC.turninD.putin
43.A.playB.workC.deliverD.know
44.A.dateB.noticeC.lawD.value
45.A.boringB.importantC.newD.acceptable
Passage4
TheSmilodonandtheTiger
Thesmilodon(剑齿虎)diedoutprobablyabouttenthousandyearsago.46itisalsoknownasthesaber-toothedtiger,itwasnota47relativeofthemodemtiger.Themorescientists48thetwobigcats,themore49theyfind.
Tigersarenot50animals.Theygenerallytravelbythemselves.Thesmilodon,ontheotherhand,probably51ingroups.Tigersrunfastwhile52theirprey(猎物).Butthesmilodon,withmuch53tailsthantoday’stigers,didnothavethebalancetorunat54speeds.Itprobablycaughtitspreyby55quietlyuntilananimalcamenear.Then,thesmilodonwould56itsprey.
Anothermaindifferencebetweentoday’stigerandthesmilodonisthesizeofthesmilodon’s57.Itisknownasasaber-toothedcat58twohugeteeththatgrewfromthetopofitsjaw(颌).Theseteethgrewuptonearly18cmlongandwereeasily59anddamaged.Thesmilodonprobablyusedtheteethtobiteinto60partsofitsprey’sbody,suchasitsstomach.Amodemtiger'
steetharemuchsmaller,buttheyare61.
ThesmilodonlivedinNorthandSouthAmericafromabouttwomillionyearsagountilabouttenthousandyearsago.Tigers,62,stillexisttodayandliveineasternandsoutheasternAsia.Nooneknowsforsurewhythesmilodon63.However,scientis
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