Recommendation Concerning the Safeguarding of the Beauty and Character of Landscapes and SitesWord文件下载.docx

Recommendation Concerning the Safeguarding of the Beauty and Character of Landscapes and SitesWord文件下载.docx

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Consideringthatthisphenomenonaffectstheaestheticvalueoflandscapesandsites,naturalorman-made,andtheculturalandscientificimportanceofwildlife,

Consideringthat,onaccountoftheirbeautyandcharacter,thesafeguardingoflandscapesandsites,asdefinedinthisrecommendation,isnecessarytothelifeofmenforwhomtheyrepresentapowerfulphysical,moralandspiritualregeneratinginfluence,whileatthesametimecontributingtotheartisticandculturallifeofpeoples,asinnumerableanduniversallyknownexamplesbearwitness,

Consideringfurthermorethatlandscapesandsitesareanimportantfactorintheeconomicandsociallifeofmanycountries,andarelargelyinstrumentalinensuringthehealthoftheirinhabitants,

Recognizing,however,thatdueaccountshouldbetakenoftheneedsofcommunitylife,itsevolutionandtherapiddevelopmentoftechnicalprogress,

Considering,therefore,thatitishighlydesirableandurgenttoconsiderandadoptthenecessarystepswithaviewtosafeguardingthebeautyandcharacteroflandscapesandsiteseverywhere,wheneveritisstillpossibletodoso,

Havingbeforeitproposalsconcerningthesafeguardingofthebeautyandcharacteroflandscapesandsites,thisquestionformingitem17.4.2ofthesession'

sagenda,

HavingdecidedatitseleventhsessionthatproposalsonthisitemshouldbethesubjectofaninternationalinstrumentintheformofarecommendationtoMemberStates,

AdoptsonthiseleventhdayofDecember1962,thisrecommendation.

TheGeneralConferencerecommendsthatMemberStatesshouldapplythefollowingprovisionsbyadopting,intheformofanationallaworinsomeotherway,measuresdesignedtogiveeffectintheterritoriesundertheirjurisdictiontothenormsandprinciplesembodiedinthisrecommendation.

TheGeneralConferencerecommendsthatMemberStatesshouldbringthisrecommendationtotheattentionoftheauthoritiesandbodiesconcernedwiththeprotectionoflandscapesandsitesandwithregionaldevelopment,andofbodiesentrustedwiththeprotectionofnatureandthedevelopmentofthetouristtrade,togetherwithyouthorganizations.

TheGeneralConferencerecommendsthatMemberStatesshould,ondatesandinaformtobedetermined,submittoitreportsconcerningtheimplementationofthisrecommendation.

I.Definition

1.Forthepurposeofthisrecommendation,thesafeguardingofthebeautyandcharacteroflandscapesandsitesistakentomeanthepreservationand,wherepossible,therestorationoftheaspectofnatural,ruralandurbanlandscapesandsites,whethernaturalorman-made,whichhaveaculturaloraestheticinterestorformtypicalnaturalsurroundings.

2.Theprovisionsofthisrecommendationarealsointendedtosupplementmeasuresfortheprotectionofnature.

3.ThestudiesandmeasurestobeadoptedwithaviewtothesafeguardingoflandscapesandsitesshouldextendtothewholeterritoryofaState,andshouldnotbeconfinedtocertainselectedlandscapesorsites.

4.Inchoosingthemeasurestobeadopted,dueaccountshouldbetakenoftherelativesignificanceofthelandscapesandsitesconcerned.Thesemeasuresmightvaryinaccordancewiththecharacterandsizeofthelandscapesandsites,theirlocationandthenatureofthedangerswithwhichtheyarethreatened.

5.Protectionshouldnotbelimitedtonaturallandscapesandsites,butshouldalsoextendtolandscapesandsiteswhoseformationisduewhollyorinparttotheworkofman.Thus,specialprovisionsshouldbemadetoensurethesafeguardingofcertainurbanlandscapesandsiteswhichare,ingeneral,themostthreatened,especiallybybuildingoperationsandlandspeculation.Specialprotectionshouldbeaccordedtotheapproachestomonuments.

6.Measurestakenforthesafeguardingoflandscapesandsitesshouldbebothpreventiveandcorrective.

7.Preventivemeasuresshouldbeaimedatprotectingsitesfromdangerswhichmaythreatenthem.Thesemeasuresshouldinclude,inparticular,thesupervisionofworksandactivitieslikelytodamagelandscapesandsites,forexample:

a）Theconstructionofalltypesofpublicandprivatebuildings.Theseshouldbedesignedsoastomeetcertainaestheticrequirementsinrespectofthebuildingitselfand,whileavoidingafacileimitationofcertaintraditionalandpicturesqueforms,shouldbeinharmonywiththegeneralatmospherewhichitisdesiredtosafeguard;

（b）Theconstructionofroads;

（c）Highorlowtensionelectriclines,powerproductionandtransmissionplantandequipment,aerodromes,broadcastingandtelevisionstations,etc.;

（d）Petrolfillingstations;

（e）Advertisinghoardingsandilluminatedsigns;

（f）Deforestation,includingthedestructionoftreescontributingtothebeautyofthelandscape,particularlythoseliningthoroughfaresoravenues;

（g）Pollutionoftheairandwater;

（h）Workingofminesandquarriesandthedisposaloftheirwasteproducts;

（i）Pipingofspringwater,irrigationworks,dams,channels,aqueducts,riverregulationworks,etc.;

（j）Camping;

（k）Dumpingofworn-outmaterialandwaste,anddomestic,commercialorindustrialscrap.

8.Insafeguardingthebeautyandcharacteroflandscapesandsites,allowanceshouldalsobemadeforthedangersresultingfromcertainformsofworkandcertainactivitiesofpresent-daylife,byreasonofthenoisewhichtheyoccasion.

9.Activitieslikelytomarlandscapesorsitesinareasthatarescheduledorprotectedinsomeotherwayshouldbesanctionedonlyifthepublicorsocialwelfareimperativelyrequiresit.

10.Correctivemeasuresshouldbeaimedatrepairingthedamagecausedtolandscapesandsitesand,asfaraspossible,restoringthemtotheiroriginalcondition.

11.InordertofacilitatethetaskofthevariouspublicservicesresponsibleforthesafeguardingoflandscapesandsitesineachState,scientificresearchinstitutesshouldbesetuptoco-operatewiththecompetentauthoritieswithaviewtothealignmentandcodificationofthelawsandregulationsapplicableinthismatter.Theseprovisionsandtheresultsoftheworkcarriedoutbytheresearchinstitutesshouldbepublishedinasingleadministrativepublicationbroughtperiodicallyuptodate.

III.Protectivemeasures

12.Thesafeguardingoflandscapesandsitesshouldbeensuredbyuseofthefollowingmethods:

（a）Generalsupervisionbytheresponsibleauthorities;

（b）Insertionofobligationsintourbandevelopmentplansandplanningatalllevels:

regional,ruralandurban;

（c）Schedulingofextensivelandscapes'

byzones'

;

（d）Schedulingofisolatedsites;

（e）Creationandmaintenanceofnaturalreservesandnationalparks;

（f）Acquisitionofsitesbycommunities.

Generalsupervision

13.GeneralsupervisionshouldbeexercisedoverworksandactivitieslikelytodamagelandscapesandsitesthroughoutthewholeterritoryoftheState.

Townplanningandruralplanningschemes

14.Urbanandruralplanningschemesshouldembodyprovisionsdefiningtheobligationswhichshouldbeimposedtoensurethesafeguardingoflandscapesandsites,evenunscheduledones,situatedontheterritoryaffected.

15.Urbanandruralplanningschemesshouldbedrawnupinorderofurgency,specificallyfortownsorregionsinprocessofrapiddevelopment,wheretheprotectionoftheaestheticorpicturesquecharacterofthetownorregionjustifiestheestablishmentofsuchschemes.

Schedulingofextensivelandscapesbyzones'

16.Extensivelandscapesshouldbescheduled'

.

17.When,inascheduledzone,theaestheticcharacterisofprimeimportance,scheduling'

shouldinvolvecontrolofplotsandobservationofcertaingeneralrequirementsofanaestheticordercoveringtheuseofmaterials,andtheircolour,heightstandards,precautionstobetakentoconcealdisturbancesofthesoilresultingfromtheconstructionofdamsandtheoperationofquarries,andregulationsgoverningthecuttingdownoftrees,etc.

18.Scheduling'

shouldbepublicized,andgeneralrulestobeobservedforthesafeguardingofscheduledlandscapesshouldbeenactedandmadepublic.

19.Scheduling'

shouldnot,asarule,involvepaymentofcompensation.

Schedulingofisolatedsites

20.Isolatedsmallsites,whethernaturalorurban,togetherwithportionsofalandscapeofparticularinterest,shouldbescheduled.Areaswhichprovideafineview,andareasandbuildingssurroundinganoutstandingmonumentshouldalsobescheduled.Eachofthesescheduledsites,areasandbuildingsshouldbethesubjectofaspecialadministrativedecisionofwhichtheownershouldbedulynotified.

21.Schedulingshouldmeanthattheownerisprohibitedfromdestroyingthesite,oralteringitsconditionoraspect,withoutpermissionfromtheauthoritiesresponsibleforits