法律英语课后答案Word文件下载.docx
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法律英语课后答案Word文件下载.docx
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Blankfilling
1.sanctions2.coercion3.enacts,enforce4.induced5.implemented6.evicted7.litigation8.legitimate9.penal10.embodies11.justify12.adjudicate
Grammar
A.Articles
1.A2.B3.B4.C5.D6.C7.A8.A9.D10.B
B.Numerals
1.历史已经进入了90年代。
2.阅读文章的长度逐渐加大,前几单元每篇文章大约500字,后几单元文章的长度已增加到前面的三倍。
3.第二部分的三个章节需要重写。
4.那座城市距这里大约16到20英里。
5.他比你有男子汉气概得多。
C.Partialtranslation
1.annulledtheeconomicsanctions
2.makerestitution
3.theshopkeeperwasinnocent
4.conjureupapicture
5.LuXuncouldn’thelpconjuringup
6.Stopcomplainingabouthim
7.shedecidedtomakeacomplaintinthecourtoflaw
8.regardlessofpastsetbacksandfailures
9.bycontrastwithHarry’s
10.inthatithelpsustorectifyourmistakes
Cloze
1can2any3whenever4which5more
6that7may8will9those10except
Translation
1.双方或多方之间存在争议,或者当事人为各自已实施的行为或打算实施的行为的后果寻求指导时,就有必要把法律应用到各种具体的事实情形之中。
2.在美国,行使立法和执法功能的是联邦和州政府的立法、行政、司法三个权力分支以及政府领导下的各级行政机构。
3.人们对法律这一概念的理解也许包含了诸如法官、警察、法警和律师等法律从业人员,包含了诸如法庭、监狱等从业场所,也包含了诸如《布莱克法律词典》、刑法典和《美国统一商法典》等法学巨著。
4.Asaruleforconduct,bothcustomsandlawsareformsofsocialideology,inseparablefrompeople’spracticalexperience.Lawisnotonlyasetofrulesforconduct,butalsoameanstospecifydutiesandpromotesocialjustice.
5.Lawisaruleforconductenactedoracknowledgedbythestate,enforcedbystatecoercion,specifyingrightsandduties,andthusuniversallyapplicableinsociety.
TopicsforDiscussion
1.Itisdifficulttodefinetheterm“law”becauselawisrelatedtoandcloselyinterwovenwithsomanyaspectsofourlifeanditcanmeansomanydifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Lawexpertscannotagreewithoneanotherintermsoftherealsenseofthetermbecausetheyoftenapproachthisdifficultphenomenonfromessentiallydiverseperspectives.
2.SeeParagraphs4&
5foradetaileddistinctionbetweentheseterms.
3.No.Manylawsalsoconferrightstocitizensbesidesprescribingobligations.
Yes,suchastheLaborLawwhichstateslaborers’obligationsaswellastheirrights.
4.Weber’sdefinitionoflaw,takingasociologicalperspective,isperhapsthemostinfluentialamongthoseprovidedbylegaltheoristssuchasHoebel,Radin,Cardozo,Holmes,SelznickandAkers,butitisnotwithoutdeficiency.Forinstance,asalreadypointedoutbysomelegaltheorists,hisdefinitionfailstoproperlyaddressthefollowingissues.Foronething,Weberplacestoomuchemphasisoncoercionandignoresotherconsiderationsthatmayinduceindividualstoobeythelaw.Foranotherthing,hisuseofaspecialstaffinthedefinitionoflawlimitstheuseofthetermlawincross-culturalandhistoricalcontexts.ItisDonaldBlackwhoseclarificationandmodificationofWeber’sconceptualizationofthetermhavemadeitmorecomprehensiveandacceptable.
5.Beyondthenationallevel,therecanbemultinationalandinternationalinstitutionssuchastheEuropeanUnion(multinational)andtheUnitedNations(international).
TextII
Questions
1.Iftherewerenolaw,therewouldbemuchdestructionoflifeandpropertyandtemporaryreignsofterror.Insteadofincreasingpersonalfreedom,astateofanarchyvirtuallydestroyspersonalfreedomforallbutthemostpowerfulandsavageofindividuals.Weretherenoruleoflaw,therewouldbejustdisorder,deathandchaosinoursociety.
2.Abalanceshouldbestruckbetweenanarchyandtotalitarianismsothatthepositivethingsthatlawcandoforusarenotstrangulatedbythetyrannyofthe“lawandorder”offeredbythetotalitarianstate.
3.Lawsolvesdisputesbybringingadisputedmatterbeforeajusticeofthepeaceandsettlesthedisputequietlybyrulesoflawonwhichallagree.
4.Lawprovidespeaceandorderinsocietybycreatinganenvironmentinwhichpeoplecanworkandinvestandpursuepleasurewithareasonableexpectationthattheiractivityisworththeeffort.Withoutanorderlyenvironmentbasedonandbackedbylawthenormalactivitiesoflifewouldbelaceratedwithchaos.
5.Lawsprotectusandourpropertybypunishingthosewhostealanddobodilyharmandbypermittingcrimevictimstosueformonetarydamages.Thelawhascreatedpoliceandsheriffs’departments,districtattorneys’offices,courts,jails,anddeathchamberstodeterandpunishthecriminalandtohelppeoplefeelsecure.
6.Besidesthosefunctionsalreadymentioned,lawsandtheinstitutionsandprogramsmay,throughcorporateendeavors,provideforthegeneralwelfare,suchasprovidingforthecommondefense,educatingyoungpeople,puttingoutforestfires,controllingpollution,andcaringforthesickandaged.
Unit2SourcesofLaw
QuestionsabouttheText
1.ThesourcesofEnglishlaware:
Communitylaw,legislation,delegatedlegislation,caselaw,legaltextbooks,andcustom.
2.Communitylaw.
3.Regulations,directivesanddecisions.
4.PublicActsaffectthepublicgenerally;
privateActsonlyaffectalimitedsectorofthepopulace,eitherparticularpeopleorpeoplewithinaparticularlocality.
5.Theparliament.
6.Legislationisacountry’swrittenlawmadebytheparliament;
delegatedlegislationislawmadebysomepersonorbodytowhomparliamenthasdelegateditsgenerallawmakingpower.
7.Judges
8.TheHouseofLords
9.Becausewhenthecourtisunabletolocateapreciseoranalogousprecedentitmayrefertolegaltextbooksforguidanceandassistance.
10.Ithastosatisfystringenttest.
a-1b-13c-6d-14e-5f-9g-10h-12i-15j-11
k-2l-3m-9n-4o-8
Paraphrase
1.DelegatedlegislationhastobeconsideredasasourceoflawinadditiontogeneralActsofParliament,butitissubordinatetogeneralActsofParliament.
2.Whenstatutelawdoesnotcoveraparticularareaorwhenthelawissilentgenerallyitwillbenecessaryforacourtthatdecidescasesrelatingtosuchanareatodeterminewhatthelawis.Whenthecourtdeterminestheapplicablelaw,itinescapablyandunarguablycreateslaw.
3.Asthehighestcourtintheland,theHouseofLordscancreateorextendthecommonlaw.Itsactivestanceisshownbyarelativelycontemporaryexampleinwhichitoverruledthelongstandingpresumptionthatamancouldnotbeguiltyofthecrimeofrapeagainsthiswife.
4.Theromanticviewofthecommonlawisthatitrepresentedthosecommoncustomsthathavebeenincorporatedbythejudiciaryintothesourcesoflaw.
BlankFilling
1.legislative2.proportional3.obligatory4.establishment5.eminence
6.altered7.representative8.customary9.increasingly10.distinct
ErrorCorrection
1.isà
are
2.worthà
worthy
3.decidingà
decided
4.todrive^on
5.tellà
tells
A.Multiplechoice
1.b2.a3.c4.b5.a6.d7.d8.a9.c10.a
B.Partialtranslation
1.Whenthenationallawandtheinternationalareinconsistent,twoimportantprinciplescanhelptoresolvetheconflict.
2.Thevariousstateconstitutionsrepresentthehighestlawoftheirstates.
3.Asaresult,thereisanincreasedsignificancetounderstandnationalandinternationallaws.
1.supreme2.similarly3.force4.approved5.legislatures
6.power7.interest8.lacking9.left10.major
11.Despite12.covered13.judges14.handling15.precedents
1.公法影响全体公众,而私法只影响有限的一部分人,他们或者是特定的人群,或者是在特定地点里的人。
2.有约束力的司法判例是普通法体系的一个特征,这是基于一个总的原则:
一旦法院在特定的情形中确定了法律上的立场,那么在将来案情相同的任何案例中,法院也将达成同样的判决。
3.在英国的法庭上,由法学作者所编写的书并不常被引用,这与许多大陆国家的做法相反。
以前在英国引用法学作者的书很少得到许可,而且也仅限于几个有名的权威人士。
近来这个规则放宽了些,可被接受的作者也增加了。
4.Atpresent,thereareover3000lawsandregulationsinChina,coveringtheareasofpolitics,economy,militaryaffairs,culture,scienceandtechnology,education,marriageandfamily.
5.UndertheguidanceofbuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsdevelopedbyDengXiaoping,Chinahasembarkedontheroadofrulebylawandenteredanewcourseofdemocracyandlegalsystem.
Topicsfordiscussion
A.Beforeyourdiscussion,youshouldgetsomematerialsrelatedtothesourcesofChineselawafterclass.Makeacarefulcomparisontofindoutthedifferences,thendiscusswithyourclassmatestoseewhethertheresultyouhavegotisthesameasyourclassmates’.
B.YoucantalkabouttheoverallpictureofthestatusofthejudicialdecisioninChina.Ifyoucannotmanageit,youmayjustlistoneortwoinstancestoshowyourawarenessofit.
C.Tofacilitatethediscussionaboutthistopic,youcantalkaboutthesituationinacertaincountrythatyouaremostfamiliarwith.
Writing
ParagraphA
(1),(6),(4),(7),(3),
(2),(5)
ParagraphB:
(3),
(2),(6),
(1),(4),(5)
1.Internationallaw,domesticlaw
2.No.Theyareclassifiedaccordingtodifferentcriteriaandmaybeoverlapping.
3.Thestate.
4.Civillawsystemsarecodifiedsystems,andthebasiclawisfoundincodes;
commonlawresistedcodification.ItisnotbasedonActsofParliamentbutoncaselaw.
5.Becausecommonlawisbasedoncaselaw,whichreliesonprecedentssetbyjudgestodecideacase.
TextIII
CaseReading(I)
1.Thefirstpartisthecitationwhichgivesustheinformationabouttheplaintiffandthedefendant,thecourtthatdecidedthiscaseandthetimewhenthejudgmentwasenteredinto,etc.Thesecondpartisthefactsandbackgroundofthecase.Thethirdpartisthejudge’sreasoningandruling.
2.Mega
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